52 Questions
What is the recommended timeframe for postpartum assessment to start?
2 hours post birth
When should involution be below the symphysis and not palpable?
2 weeks postpartum
Which condition requires further fetal assessment using electronic fetal monitoring?
Oligohydramnios
What is the normal range for hyperbilirubinemia in newborns?
2-6
What are the components of Apgar scoring for newborn assessment?
Respiratory rate, heart rate, muscle tone, reflexes
What is the initial step in neonatal resuscitation?
Providing warmth
What is the purpose of oxytocin administration in postpartum care?
To help start or continue labor
What is the recommended action to cover during phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia?
Cover the newborn's eyes
What is the purpose of chest compressions in neonatal resuscitation?
To increase heart rate
What is the primary goal of controlling bleeding after delivery?
To support involution
Which sleep position can help prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?
On their back
What are the stages of labor in the correct order?
Early latent, active, transition, post delivery stages
Which of the 5 P's is in consideration of the mothers position during labor?
Position
What is a key strategy for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Using compression devices
What is a specific consideration for blood glucose control and fetal health in gestational diabetes?
Increased insulin release
What is a crucial aspect of postpartum care for maternal well-being?
Addressing common complaints
What is a key component of newborn discharge teaching?
Recognizing behavioral responses to pain
What is a potential adverse effect of pharmacologic therapy like magnesium sulfate?
Hypokalemia
What is a crucial maternal assessment and care during the postpartum period, especially after a C-section?
Fundal checks
What is a specific consideration for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy?
Both pre-existing and gestational diabetes have specific considerations for blood glucose control and fetal health
What are the symptoms of newborn hypoglycemia?
Jitteriness, tachypnea, lethargy, and poor feeding
What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate?
Calcium gluconate
Which factors are associated with high-risk pregnancy?
Obesity, maternal age over 35, and high blood pressure
What is HELLP syndrome characterized by?
Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count
What does a reactive nonstress test (NST) indicate?
Fetal well-being
What are the signs of preeclampsia?
Clonus, vision changes, headache, nausea, epigastric pain, and edema
What is the purpose of Apgar scoring?
Assessing newborn well-being
Which complications require nursing attention during labor and postpartum?
Labor dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, and newborn respiratory distress
What requires monitoring prior and during epidural administration?
Baseline blood pressure and frequent post-administration checks
During which stage of labor does the delivery of the placenta occur?
Third stage
What characterizes the first stage of labor?
Abdominal cramping or back pain every 10-30 minutes
At what point does the second stage of labor end?
When the infant is fully expelled
What is the fourth stage of labor referred to as?
Postpartum
What is the purpose of delayed clamping of the umbilical cord during the fourth stage of labor?
To increase the infant's iron stores
What occurs during the first stage of labor?
Shortening and opening of the cervix
What is the purpose of amniotomy (AROM) during labor?
To speed up labor and encourage dilation of the cervix
What is a key nursing intervention for managing labor dystocia?
Massage fundus to release clots
What is a crucial nursing intervention for clients experiencing cold stress in the newborn period?
Providing warmth and skin-to-skin contact
What is the primary reason major health organizations recommend immediate skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant after birth?
To promote breastfeeding and maternal bonding
What is the purpose of cervical ripening during labor?
To prepare the cervix for stretching during labor
What is the significance of the Lamaze method in labor and delivery?
It encourages vocalization and natural sounds to relieve pain
What is the role of oxytocin during gestation, labor, and breastfeeding?
Contributing to maternal and paternal bonding and responsiveness
What is the role of uterine contractions in the process of labor?
Facilitating the opening of the cervix
What is the primary advantage of vaginal delivery over cesarean section?
Lower risks and natural benefits for both mother and baby
What is the primary recommendation for immediate post-birth contact between mother and infant?
Immediate skin-to-skin contact regardless of delivery method
What is a prominent sign of labor related to the fetal position?
Crowning
What hormone contributes to maternal and paternal bonding and responsiveness during gestation, labor, and breastfeeding?
Oxytocin
What does 'station' refer to in the context of vaginal birth?
The fetal presenting part's relationship to the ischial spines
What process involves the temporary change in the fetal head's shape as it moves through the birth canal?
Molding
What prepares the cervix for stretching during labor and is assessed using the Bishop score?
Cervical ripening
Which method encourages vocalization and natural sounds to relieve pain and facilitate labor progression?
The Lamaze method
What is measured in plus or minus stations in the context of vaginal birth?
Fetal presenting part's relationship to the ischial spines
Study Notes
Maternal and Newborn Nursing Review
- Nonstress test (NST) is used to monitor fetal movement and heart rate, reactive NST indicates fetal well-being, while nonreactive NST raises concerns
- HELLP syndrome is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count, leading to blood and liver problems
- Preeclampsia signs include clonus, vision changes, headache, nausea, epigastric pain, and edema
- High-risk pregnancy factors include obesity, maternal age over 35, and high blood pressure
- Newborn hypoglycemia symptoms include jitteriness, tachypnea, lethargy, and poor feeding
- Apgar scoring assesses newborn well-being, with scores below 7 requiring additional interventions
- Epidural administration requires monitoring of baseline blood pressure and frequent post-administration checks
- Eclampsia and hyperemesis gravidarum are critical maternal health conditions requiring prompt nursing interventions
- Labor dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, and newborn respiratory distress are potential complications that need nursing attention
- Magnesium sulfate is an antiseizure medication, with calcium gluconate as its antidote
- VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean) and Bishop score are relevant concepts in labor and delivery management
- Proper assessment and care are crucial in addressing postpartum complications, such as lacerations and uterine atony
Childbirth and Labour: Key Facts and Considerations
- Major health organizations recommend immediate skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant after birth, regardless of delivery method
- Vaginal delivery is preferred over cesarean section due to lower risks and natural benefits for both mother and baby
- Pain management methods during labor include relaxation techniques, opioids, and spinal blocks
- Limiting interventions during labor is best practice, but scheduled or emergency cesarean sections may be necessary in some cases
- Complications from pregnancy and childbirth result in significant maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, especially in developing countries
- Prominent signs of labor include uterine contractions, crowning, back labor, and the rupture of membranes
- Oxytocin levels increase during gestation, labor, and breastfeeding, contributing to maternal and paternal bonding and responsiveness
- "Station" in vaginal birth refers to the fetal presenting part's relationship to the ischial spines and is measured in plus or minus stations
- The fetal head can temporarily change shape as it moves through the birth canal, a process known as molding
- Cervical ripening prepares the cervix for stretching during labor and is assessed using a scoring system called the Bishop score
- Vaginal delivery involves four stages of labor: cervical shortening and opening, descent and birth of the baby, delivery of the placenta, and recovery
- The Lamaze method encourages vocalization and natural sounds to relieve pain and facilitate labor progression
Test your knowledge of maternal and newborn nursing with this review quiz. Explore topics such as nonstress tests, HELLP syndrome, preeclampsia signs, high-risk pregnancy factors, newborn hypoglycemia, Apgar scoring, epidural administration, critical maternal health conditions, labor complications, antiseizure medications, VBAC, and postpartum complications.
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