Maternal and Newborn Nursing Unit Eight

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are true about a reactive Nonstress Test (NST)? (Select all that apply.)

  • Before 32 weeks gestation, acceleration is defined as increase of at least 10 beats/min lasting at least 10 seconds in FHR. (correct)
  • If does not meet criteria in 40 min, additional testing is indicated: contraction stress test (CST) or biophysical profile (BPP).
  • Does not produce two or more qualifying accelerations in 20 min.
  • Two or more fetal heart rate accelerations (increase in FHR of at least 15/min above the baseline and last 15 seconds) within a 20-min period. (correct)

Which of the following are potential complications of labor and delivery? (Select all that apply.)

  • Uterine rupture (correct)
  • Hemorrhage (correct)
  • Amniotic fluid embolism (correct)
  • Shoulder dystocia (correct)
  • Fetal distress (correct)
  • Cord prolapse (correct)
  • Placenta previa (correct)

What is the difference between a 'reactive' and a 'non-reactive' Nonstress Test (NST)?

A 'reactive' NST is considered normal, while a 'non-reactive' NST is abnormal and may indicate fetal distress.

The most important factor in deciding whether to induce labor is the gestational age of the fetus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these hormones is secreted by the chorionic villi of the placenta?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the amniotic fluid during pregnancy?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the number of pregnancies a woman has experienced?

<p>Gravidity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom of preeclampsia?

<p>Decreased fetal movement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia?

<p>Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Eclampsia is a more severe form of preeclampsia involving seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for preeclampsia?

<p>Magnesium sulfate is administered to prevent seizures and lower blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of postpartum bleeding?

<p>Uterine atony (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intervention for a prolapsed umbilical cord?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A newborn's temperature should generally be taken rectally.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign of fetal distress?

<p>Variable decelerations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Apgar score is a measure of a newborn's intelligence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of respiratory distress in a newborn?

<p>Bradycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intervention for a newborn with hypoglycemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between physiologic jaundice and pathologic jaundice in newborns?

<p>Physiologic jaundice is a common and generally harmless condition that develops within 24 hours of birth and is caused by the breakdown of fetal red blood cells. Pathologic jaundice, however, develops before 24 hours of age or persists beyond day 7, and is often a sign of an underlying medical condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign of a preterm infant?

<p>Thin skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns?

<p>Liver immaturity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary interventions for a newborn with hyperbilirubinemia?

<p>Phototherapy is the most common intervention, and in serious cases, an exchange transfusion may be required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A newborn who has not received the hepatitis B vaccine should be given the vaccine before they leave the hospital.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for the development of postpartum depression?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Women who experience postpartum blues will always develop postpartum depression.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All women should be screened for cervical cancer at least once in their lifetime.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for the development of breast cancer?

<p>Frequent breastfeeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a hysterectomy and a mastectomy?

<p>A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus, while a mastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Endometriosis is a common cause of painful periods, also known as dysmenorrhea.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Menopause is a disease that needs to be treated.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Women who are at risk for STIs should avoid using barrier methods of contraception.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important thing a nurse can do to help a client who is struggling with infertility?

<p>Providing emotional support, education, and resources is vital for clients facing infertility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Conception

The union of sperm and ovum.

Fertilization Process

Ovulation, ovum travel, sperm travel, penetration, zygote formation, zygote migration to uterus, implantation.

Chorionic villi

Structures that burrow into the uterus, forming part of the placenta.

hCG

Hormone that stimulates estrogen and progesterone production.

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Placental Hormones

hCG, hCS, estrogen, and progesterone.

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Amnion

Inner fetal membrane.

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Chorion

Outer fetal membrane.

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Umbilical cord

Connects fetus to placenta, carrying blood.

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Umbilical Arteries

Carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta.

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Umbilical Vein

Carries oxygenated blood to the fetus.

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Amniotic Fluid

Fluid surrounding the fetus, crucial for development.

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Gestational Hypertension

High blood pressure after 20 weeks without proteinuria.

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Preeclampsia

High blood pressure and proteinuria in pregnancy.

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Eclampsia

Preeclampsia with seizures.

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HELLP Syndrome

Preeclampsia with liver and blood problems.

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Preterm Labor

Labor contractions before 37 weeks.

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Fetal Distress

Abnormal fetal heart rate or oxygenation.

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Postpartum Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding after birth.

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Uterine Involution

Returning of the uterus to its pre-pregnancy size.

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Lochia

Postpartum vaginal discharge.

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Postpartum Blues

Transient emotional changes after birth.

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Postpartum Depression

More severe mood changes after childbirth.

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Study Notes

Maternal and Newborn Nursing

  • Unit Eight: Contains sections on the female reproductive system, pregnancy, complications of pregnancy, labor and delivery, postpartum complications, newborn complications, and women's health.
  • Section 1: Covers the female reproductive system, including the reproductive organs, fertilization, fetal development, and placental development.
  • Section 2: Focuses on the prenatal period of pregnancy, including anatomy and physiology, psychological and physiological adaptations, and nursing interventions for each trimester.
  • Section 3: Discusses complications of pregnancy, including cardiac disease, hypertension in pregnancy, and diabetes mellitus, presenting signs/symptoms and tests.
  • Section 4: Details labor and delivery processes, discussing false vs. true labor, factors influencing labor (the 5 P's), nursing care during labor and delivery, and fetal assessments during labor.
  • Section 5: Covers complications during labor and delivery, including preterm labor, fetal distress, and emergency childbirth.
  • Section 6: Focuses on the postpartum period, including care of the postpartum woman, physiological changes, assessments, complications preventing hemorrhage and infection.
  • Section 7: Discusses complications during the postpartum period, particularly obstetrical hemorrhage.
  • Section 8: Covers the newborn period, encompassing initial care, Apgar scores, vital sign assessment, and potential complications.
  • Section 9: Details complications of the newborn, including maternal substance abuse (effects on the newborn, withdrawal symptoms, & diagnoses), hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and hyperbilirubinemia.
  • Section 10: Addresses women's health, including contraception, infertility, vaginal infections, and various types of cancers (endometrial, cervical, and ovarian), and menopause. Discusses symptoms, contributing factors & tests.

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