Kaplan Maternaity B 模擬2

Neonate Circulatory Changes After Birth

• Breathing air expands the lungs, increasing oxygen levels.
• Closure of fetal circulatory shunts occurs: foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and ductus venosus become obsolete.
• After birth, the foramen ovale closure directs blood to lungs for oxygen exchange.

Definition and Causes of Infertility

• Infertility is diagnosed after one year of unprotected sex with no conception.
• Factors can be male or female, as evident through fertility clinic evaluations.

Antepartum Client Teaching

• Hot flashes and chills are not normal during a healthy pregnancy; may indicate an infection or hormonal changes.

Anesthesia and Its Effects During Cesarean Section

• Administer anesthesia just before incision to minimize fetal exposure and reduce respiratory depression risk.

Maternal Complications Monitoring

• Sudden changes in blood pressure and pulse indicate potential hemorrhage, a leading maternal mortality cause.

Diaphragm Use Post-Intercourse

• Diaphragm must stay in place for at least 6 hours post-intercourse to prevent sperm entry into the uterus.

Fetal Monitoring Purpose

• Assesses baby's heart rate and oxygen levels during labor to detect signs of fetal distress.

Palpating Uterine Contractions

• Place hand on the fundus and use fingertips for assessing contraction strength and frequency during labor.

Preterm Infant Health Risks

• Preterm infants are at high risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to underdeveloped lungs and lack of surfactant.

Alcohol Consumption While Nursing

• Alcohol can pass into breast milk, affecting the baby's nervous system and potentially causing sedation or developmental issues.

Young Mothering Challenges

• Emotional and developmental immaturity in adolescents can hinder consistent caregiving abilities.

Body Image Concerns Pre-Surgery

• Acknowledging body image concerns lets clients express fears about partner reactions post-surgery.

Care Post-Circumcision

• Apply petroleum gauze to prevent the wound from sticking to the diaper post-Gomco clamp circumcision.

Understanding Early Decelerations

• Early decelerations in fetal heart rate relate to head compression during contractions and are expected in labor.

Fundal Assessment After Delivery

• A firm, globular uterus post-delivery indicates effective contraction to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.

Magnesium Sulfate and Reflexes

• Decreased deep tendon reflexes (DTR) indicate potential magnesium toxicity; stopping the infusion is essential.

Choking Intervention in Pregnant Women

• Use chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts for choking pregnant women to avoid putting pressure on the abdomen.

Breastfeeding Misconceptions

• Breastfeeding does not inherently lead to faster growth or more sleep compared to formula feeding.

Breast Sensitivity in Pregnancy

• Cold compresses and a supportive bra can alleviate breast tenderness commonly experienced in pregnancy.

Fibrocystic Breast Disease

• Non-cancerous lumps in the breast that vary with the menstrual cycle, often causing pain and discomfort.

Parent Bonding and Preterm Infants

• Encouraging bonding activities helps develop trust and emotional security in preterm infants.

Newborn Weight Loss Reassurance

• Weight loss in newborns during the first few days post-birth is normal due to fluid loss; reassurance to parents is necessary.

Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid Concerns

• Indicates fetal distress and potential meconium aspiration syndrome; immediate respiratory support preparations needed.

Gestational Diabetes Diet

• Fresh fruit, vegetables, and whole grains are beneficial for managing blood glucose levels during gestational diabetes.

Appetite Management in Cancer Patients

• Recommend small, frequent meals to help clients with a poor appetite tolerate food better and maintain nutrition.

Post-Delivery Urination

• Increased urination post-delivery is normal as the body sheds excess fluids accumulated during pregnancy.

Warning Signs of Pregnancy Education

• Swelling in the face or fingers may signal preeclampsia, requiring prompt medical attention.

Bedrest Guidelines for Premature Labor

• Left-side positioning improves placental blood flow; adequate hydration and nutrition are essential.

Breastfeeding Complications

• Mastitis can occur in breastfeeding women, characterized by redness, pain, fever; antibiotics and continued breastfeeding recommended.

Variable Decelerations in FHR

• Caused by cord compression; changing the mother’s position may alleviate pressure and stabilize the fetal heart rate.

This quiz covers critical aspects of maternal and neonatal health changes, including circulatory adjustments in neonates post-birth and definitions of infertility. It also addresses monitoring maternal complications and the effects of anesthesia during cesarean sections. Test your understanding of these essential topics in obstetrics and neonatal care.