Kaplan Maternaity B 模擬

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Questions and Answers

What initiates changes in a neonate's circulatory system after birth?

The exposure to external temperature

The baby begins to breathe independently (correct)

The closure of the umbilical cord

The administration of vaccines

Which statement indicates a need for further teaching for an antepartum client?

Pregnancy will not cause hot flashes.

Hot flashes are a common pregnancy symptom. (correct)

Infection is a serious concern during pregnancy.

Chills can indicate a hormonal imbalance.

How long should a diaphragm remain in place after sexual intercourse?

12 hours

6 hours (correct)

1 hour

3 hours

What is a primary purpose of fetal monitoring during pregnancy?

To ensure sufficient oxygen and distress assessment for the baby Signup and view all the answers

What defines infertility medically?

Inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse Signup and view all the answers

Which finding should a nurse monitor closely for maternal complications post-delivery?

Sudden drops in blood pressure and increased pulse Signup and view all the answers

When is anesthesia typically administered during a cesarean section?

Right before the cesarean incision is made Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the expansion of the lungs have on a neonate's circulatory system?

Promotes closure of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

What does meconium-stained amniotic fluid indicate a risk for regarding the newborn?

Potential for fetal distress Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary choice is best for managing blood sugar levels in gestational diabetes?

Fresh fruit with a low glycemic index Signup and view all the answers

What is the best nutritional intervention for a client with cervical cancer experiencing a poor appetite?

Five small, frequent meals Signup and view all the answers

What explanation should a nurse provide to a client who reports frequent urination 24 hours post-delivery?

It's due to the expulsion of excess fluids from pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement by a prenatal client indicates successful understanding of warning signs of pregnancy?

Swelling in the cheeks or fingers could indicate preeclampsia. Signup and view all the answers

What interventions should be included for a multipara client diagnosed with premature labor on bedrest?

Positioning her on the left side and hydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely diagnosis for a breastfeeding client with fever, fatigue, and a reddened area on one breast?

Mastitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response for a nurse observing abrupt fluctuations in fetal heart rate (FHR) during active labor?

Variable decelerations may indicate cord compression. Signup and view all the answers

What might a sudden drop in a baby's heart rate during labor indicate?

Need for intervention due to potential hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

What does a nurse do to palpate uterine contractions effectively?

Places one hand on the mother's abdomen over the fundus and feels for strength with fingertips Signup and view all the answers

What is a key risk for preterm infants due to underdeveloped lungs?

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response to a nursing client who asks if it's safe to drink wine while nursing?

It's best to avoid alcohol entirely while nursing Signup and view all the answers

How might a client's age of 17 affect her abilities in motherhood?

She may not be able to manage parenting responsibilities due to dependency Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate nursing action after a circumcision with a Gomco clamp?

Place petroleum gauze to protect the area Signup and view all the answers

What does an early deceleration pattern in fetal heart rate indicate?

Normal physiological response due to head compression Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse assess the fundus for after the third stage of labor?

Firmness indicating effective uterine contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the first action when a client exhibits decreased deep tendon reflexes after magnesium sulfate administration?

Stop the magnesium sulfate infusion immediately Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take when a pregnant woman is choking?

Use chest thrusts to avoid compressing the uterus Signup and view all the answers

Which statement from an expectant mother indicates a misunderstanding about breastfeeding?

My baby will grow faster and sleep more with breast milk Signup and view all the answers

What suggestion is most appropriate for a client experiencing breast sensitivity during the 7th month of pregnancy?

Apply cold packs and wear a supportive bra Signup and view all the answers

What could soft and movable breast masses that enlarge during menstruation indicate?

Benign fibrocystic changes influenced by hormonal fluctuations Signup and view all the answers

What should parents do when concerned about disturbing their preterm infant in the isolette?

Engage in skin-to-skin interaction to foster bonding Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate reassurance for a client worried about their newborn losing 8 ounces of weight?

It is normal for newborns to lose up to 10% of their birth weight shortly after birth Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neonate Circulatory Changes

Initiated by independent breathing at birth, leading to lung expansion and increased oxygenation.
Closure of fetal circulatory structures occurs, including the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus.
First breath alters pressure in lungs, promoting blood flow through pulmonary system instead of fetal shunts.

Infertility Definition

Medically characterized as inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse.
Couples unable to conceive after a year may explore treatments like IVF.

Antepartum Client Education

Misunderstanding highlighted by "hot flashes and chills," which aren’t normal pregnancy symptoms but may indicate infection or hormonal imbalances.
Pregnant women reporting chills should seek medical attention rather than dismissing it as usual symptoms.

Anesthesia and Cesarean Delivery

Anesthesia is given right before incision to minimize baby’s exposure and avoid effects like sedation or respiratory depression.
Timing of administration aligned with surgeon's operation readiness.

Maternal Complications Monitoring

Vital signs changes, particularly blood pressure and pulse, can indicate hemorrhage, a significant postpartum complication.
Sudden drops in blood pressure coupled with increased pulse warrant further investigation for potential internal bleeding.

Diaphragm Use in Contraception

Must remain in place at least 6 hours post-intercourse to ensure sperm viability is reduced.
Proper timing is crucial to prevent unintended pregnancies.

Purpose of Fetal Monitoring

Tracks baby’s heart rate and oxygen indicators to ensure fetal well-being and detect potential distress.
Drop in fetal heart rate during labor may necessitate medical intervention to avert hypoxia.

Palpating Uterine Contractions

Nurse uses one hand on abdomen to assess the strength and frequency of contractions at the fundus.
Strong, regular contractions indicate effective labor progress.

Risks for Preterm Infants

High risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to underdeveloped lungs lacking surfactant.
Preterm infants may require ventilator support for sufficient oxygen exchange.

Alcohol and Breastfeeding

Alcohol passes through breast milk, potentially impacting baby’s development and behavior.
Consumption can lead to increased drowsiness or irritability in the breastfeeding infant.

Young Maternal Age Concerns

Adolescents often dependent on support, which may hinder their ability to manage motherhood challenges.
A 17-year-old mother may struggle with social needs versus newborn care responsibilities.

Body Image Concerns After Mastectomy

Addressing client’s fear of losing sexual attraction fosters discussions on body image and emotional support.
Open dialogue encourages clients to express concerns about their evolving identity.

Post-Circumcision Care

Application of petroleum gauze post-circumcision to protect the site and monitor for bleeding or infection.
Essential for promoting healing.

Early Decelerations in Fetal Heart Rate

Normal finding when fetal heart rate decreases during contractions due to head compression.
Early decelerations should return to baseline after a contraction ends.

Fundal Firmness After Delivery

Fundus should be firm and globular to indicate effective uterine contraction and prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Regular assessments help monitor maternal health post-delivery.

Magnesium Sulfate and Reflexes

Decreased deep tendon reflexes indicate possible magnesium toxicity, necessitating immediate cessation of the infusion.
Close monitoring is essential to prevent severe complications.

Choking in Pregnant Women

Chest thrusts are preferred over abdominal thrusts for choking relief in advanced pregnancy to avoid uterine compression.
Protective measures ensure safety for both mother and baby.

Breastfeeding and Growth Misunderstanding

Breastfeeding benefits do not directly correlate with faster growth or longer sleep patterns in infants.
Clarification needed about realistic expectations concerning breastfeeding outcomes.

Breast Sensitivity in Pregnancy

Suggestion of cold compresses and well-fitted bras to alleviate common breast tenderness during the seventh month of pregnancy.
Supportive measures can reduce discomfort.

Fibrocystic Disease Recognition

Benign cysts in breast tissue fluctuate with hormonal changes, becoming more prominent pre-menstruation.
Awareness of these benign conditions helps alleviate concerns.

Interaction with Preterm Infants

Interaction is crucial for preterm infant development; it fosters trust and security.
Parents encouraged to engage in bonding activities, like skin-to-skin contact, even in neonatal care units.

Newborn Weight Loss

Loss of up to 10% of birth weight is typical in the first few days; most regain it within 10 to 14 days.
This weight fluctuation is expected and should not cause concern among parents.

Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid Risks

Presence of meconium can indicate fetal distress and heightens risk of respiratory complications post-delivery.
Preparedness for airway clearing is essential for newborn care.

Gestational Diabetes Diet

Low-glycemic index foods, such as fresh fruit, are beneficial for managing blood sugar levels.
Nutritional choices impact glycemic control during pregnancy.

Nutritional Interventions for Cancer Patients

Small, frequent meals can help manage cancer treatment-related nausea and fatigue.
Adjustments to meal sizes can support better nutritional intake.

Post-Delivery Urination Changes

Increased urination is a normal response as the body expels excess fluids retained during pregnancy.
Clients should be informed that this is a typical physiological adjustment.

Warning Signs of Pregnancy Education

Swelling in the face or fingers can signal preeclampsia, needing immediate medical evaluation.
Awareness of severe symptoms is crucial for maternal and fetal health.

Premature Labor and Bedrest Interventions

Side-lying position enhances uterine blood flow, and adequate hydration is vital to mitigating contractions.
Care strategies focus on maintaining fetal stability during high-risk periods.

Mastitis in Breastfeeding

Characterized by breast pain, swelling, and fever, indicating a bacterial infection requiring prompt treatment.
Antibiotics and continued breastfeeding are integral to management.

Variable Decelerations in Fetal Heart Rate

Indicate potential cord compression; maternal position changes may resolve heart rate irregularities.
Proactive measures ensure fetal well-being during labor.

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Description

This quiz explores the changes that occur in a newborn's circulatory system immediately after birth. It discusses the physiological processes initiated by the first breath and the closure of fetal circulatory structures. Understanding these changes is crucial for comprehending neonatal care.