Maternal and Child Health Overview
44 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of the Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) Program?

  • To reduce overall mortality rates in the population
  • To identify all causes of maternal illnesses
  • To eliminate preventable maternal mortality (correct)
  • To improve neonatal care practices

Which of the following statements about Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is accurate?

  • PPH cannot be prevented through proper medical care
  • PPH is less serious than other complications during childbirth
  • PPH is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide (correct)
  • PPH only occurs after cesarean deliveries

What does the continuous-action cycle in the MDSR program entail?

  • One-time reporting of maternal deaths
  • Random assessment of maternal health facilities
  • Exclusive focus on neonatal mortality statistics
  • Ongoing identification and response to maternal death causes (correct)

What percentage of maternal mortality is attributed to Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)?

<p>35% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the MDSR program?

<p>Assessing the number of neonatal deaths (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of maternal health?

<p>Health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an objective of MCH services?

<p>Reduce the global population growth rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'family planning' refer to in the context of MCH services?

<p>Providing contraception and reproductive education to adults (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What metric is the focus of Target 3.1 by 2030 related to maternal health?

<p>Reducing maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes direct maternal deaths?

<p>Deaths from obstetric complications during pregnancy, labor, and puerperium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is included in MCH services?

<p>Intra-natal care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is maternal death defined in the context of MCH services?

<p>Deaths from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management within 42 days of termination of pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)?

<p>MMR = (Number of maternal deaths / Number of live births) × 100,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a direct cause of maternal death?

<p>Obstetric Embolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is NOT considered an indirect maternal death?

<p>Maternal Hypertension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by indirect maternal deaths?

<p>Deaths occurring due to pre-existing or developed conditions during pregnancy, exacerbated by its physiological effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year shows the highest maternal mortality rate based on the data provided?

<p>2008 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'postpartum hemorrhage' refer to?

<p>Heavy bleeding after childbirth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a complicated pregnancy that might lead to indirect maternal death?

<p>Worsening of existing cardiac conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which category would cardiovascular disease fall under concerning maternal mortality causes?

<p>Indirect maternal deaths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is least likely to directly lead to maternal death?

<p>Anaemia not related to pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly defines maternal sepsis?

<p>A severe infection of pregnancy-related origin that can lead to maternal death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate aim of the Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) program?

<p>To eliminate preventable maternal mortality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is true?

<p>PPH can occur within 24 hours after delivery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes the MDSR approach to maternal deaths?

<p>It emphasizes continuous identification and response to maternal deaths. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which way does MDSR effectively contribute to reducing maternal mortality?

<p>By assessing the avoidability of every maternal death. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge associated with Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)?

<p>It can become fatal within a few hours if untreated. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of maternal health services?

<p>Providing comprehensive health care to women during various stages related to pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT included in the primary objectives of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services?

<p>Reduce incidence of infectious diseases in elderly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is classified as maternal mortality according to WHO definitions?

<p>Female deaths caused by pregnancy complications within 42 days of termination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'perinatal mortality' typically refer to?

<p>Deaths occurring during the late stages of pregnancy and up to the 28th day of life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which maternal health service component focuses primarily on care during pregnancy?

<p>Antenatal care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicators is used to measure improvements in maternal health?

<p>Maternal mortality ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with a higher risk of direct maternal deaths?

<p>Childbirth without skilled health personnel present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of indirect maternal deaths?

<p>Deaths resulting from previous existing diseases aggravated by pregnancy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) specifically measure?

<p>The ratio of maternal deaths to the number of live births per 100,000. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is classified under indirect maternal deaths?

<p>Cardiac diseases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is noted as a cause of indirect maternal death that has gained prominence in recent years?

<p>COVID-19. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year does the data suggest a noticeable reduction in the Maternal Mortality Ratio?

<p>2008 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is least associated with direct maternal deaths?

<p>Renal diseases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the rate of maternal deaths expressed in the Maternal Mortality Ratio?

<p>Per 100,000 live births. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option most accurately describes a factor contributing to maternal mortality?

<p>Obstetric complications during labor and delivery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a physiological effect of pregnancy that can worsen existing diseases leading to indirect maternal deaths?

<p>Increased cardiac output. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What statistical method is used to calculate the Maternal Mortality Ratio?

<p>MMR = (Number of deaths / Number of live births) × 100,000. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Maternal Health

The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

Child Health

The health of children from conception to age five.

MCH Services

A package of comprehensive health care services for pregnant women and children, from conception to age five.

Maternal Mortality Ratio

Number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Direct Maternal Death

Death resulting from pregnancy-related complications.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Antenatal Care

Health care for pregnant women before delivery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postnatal Care

Health care for women after childbirth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Excessive bleeding after childbirth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Obstetric Embolism

Blood clot related complication during childbirth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maternal Sepsis

Blood infection related to pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maternal Hypertension

High blood pressure during pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)

Number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac Diseases

Diseases/problems related to the heart.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MMR Calculation

Maternal deaths divided by live births, multiplied by 100,000.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MDSR Program

A systematic process to identify, report, track, and analyze all maternal deaths. It aims to understand why these deaths occurred and use this information to prevent future deaths.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Goal of MDSR Program

To eliminate preventable maternal deaths by understanding the true extent of the problem and guiding actions to address the causes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PPH: Preventable?

Yes, postpartum hemorrhage can be prevented with proper care and management.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PPH: Severity?

Despite being preventable, PPH can be fatal within hours.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Causes of Maternal Mortality

Postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, eclampsia, and obstructed labor are among the most common causes of maternal deaths globally.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Excessive bleeding after childbirth, the leading cause of maternal deaths globally.

Signup and view all the flashcards

PPH: Preventable and Fatal

While PPH is preventable with proper care, it can be fatal within hours if not addressed quickly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is MCH?

Maternal and Child Health (MCH) encompasses a set of services designed to protect and monitor the health of pregnant women and children from conception to age five.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is MCH important?

MCH services aim to reduce maternal and infant deaths, promote reproductive health, and ensure overall well-being for mothers and children.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What's included in MCH?

MCH services cover antenatal care (before birth), intrapartum care (during birth), postnatal care (after birth), and family planning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Goal 3.1 of Sustainable Development Goals

To reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are MDSR programs?

Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) programs are systematic processes used to identify, track, analyze, and understand maternal deaths to prevent future ones.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diabetes Mellitus

A condition where the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels, affecting pregnancy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Maternal and Child Health (MCH)

  • MCH refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period.
  • Child health refers to the health of children from conception to the age of five.
  • MCH services are a package of comprehensive care for pregnant women before, during, and after delivery and for infants and preschool children (conception to 5 years).

Objectives of MCH Services

  • Reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
  • Reduce perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Promote reproductive health and regulate fertility.
  • Provide maternal and child health care to all mothers and children.
  • Promote and protect the health of mothers.
  • Promote and protect physical, mental, and social growth and development of children.

Components of MCH Services

  • Maternal Health:
    • Antenatal care
    • Intranatal care
    • Postnatal care
  • Child Health
  • Family Planning

Sustainable Development Goals

  • Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
  • Target 3.1: By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births.
  • Indicator 3.1.1: Maternal mortality ratio
  • Indicator 3.1.2: Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel.

Maternal Deaths

  • Female deaths from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental and incidental causes) during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, regardless of the pregnancy's duration or site.

  • Direct Maternal Deaths: Deaths resulting from obstetric complications of pregnancy, labor, and puerperium; interventions,omissions, or incorrect treatment, also from a chain of events. 

  • Indirect Maternal Deaths: Deaths resulting from pre-existing diseases that were aggravated by the physiological effects of pregnancy.

Examples of Causes of Maternal Deaths

  • Postpartum hemorrhage
  • Obstetric embolism
  • Maternal hypertension
  • Maternal sepsis
  • Cardiac diseases
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • COVID-19
  • Renal diseases

Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)

  • The number of maternal deaths during a given period per 100,000 live births.
  • Formula: MMR = (Number of maternal deaths / Number of live births) x 100,000

MDSR Program (Maternal Death Surveillance and Response)

  • Routine identification, notification, quantification, and determination of causes and avoidability of all maternal deaths.
  • Uses information to prevent future deaths.
  • Aims to eliminate preventable maternal mortality.
  • A continuous action cycle of continuous surveillance.

Goal of MDSR Program

  • Eliminate preventable maternal mortality.
  • Count every maternal death and assess its true magnitude.
  • Provide information to guide actions to eliminate preventable maternal mortality at health facilities and communities.

Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

  • Blood loss ≥ 500ml within 24 hours after birth.
  • Leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide (approximately 35%).
  • Preventable but potentially fatal in a few hours.

Delays

  • Delay 1: Recognizing the need to seek care
  • Delay 2: Reaching facilities
  • Delay 3: Receiving care

Impact of Treatment Delay for Severe Bleeding

  • Immediate treatment: 70% improvement in survival.
  • 15-minute delay: 10% decrease in survival benefit.
  • 3-hour delay: No benefit

Maternal Sepsis

  • A life-threatening condition defined as organ dysfunction resulting from infection during pregnancy, childbirth, post-abortion, or postpartum period.
  • One of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide.
  • Causes more than 260,000 deaths every year.

Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (EmONC)

  • Basic components: Antiobiotics, Oxytocin, Anticonvulsants, Manual removal of placenta, Manual vacuum aspiration for retained products of conception, Vacuum extraction, Newborn resuscitation, Blood transfusion, Surgical interventions (including C-sections)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Maternal And Child Health (MCH) Lecture PDF

Description

This quiz explores the key components of Maternal and Child Health (MCH), focusing on the health of women during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as the health of children up to five years. Participants will learn about the objectives of MCH services, which aim to reduce morbidity and mortality rates and promote overall health. The quiz also touches on sustainable development goals related to health.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser