Materials Science: Metals Quiz

<p>Thermal processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hardness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moisture content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.15% to 0.45% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatigue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Checks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>75% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grain orientation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ring shakes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher parallel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces durability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dimensional lumber (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough-cut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cambium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beetles (B), Termites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Galvanizing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pressure treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lignin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beetles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to withstand deformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brittleness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moisture content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A measure of steel's stiffness, showing how much stress is needed to cause a unit strain. Important for calculating stress and strain in structural applications.

The highest stress a material can withstand before permanent deformation (yielding).

A rock with minerals containing enough metal to be economically extracted.

Category of ore from which iron is extracted.

Processes improving the purity of metal.

Degradation of metal due to chemical reaction with oxygen.

Steel containing elements other than iron and carbon.

Categorization of steel based on specific properties and intended use.

A method of cutting lumber in which logs are cut into quarters before being sawn into boards, resulting in a distinct figure and reduced shrinkage.

Lumber that comes from a tree that has been artificially grown, such as a plantation.

The ability of wood to resist pulling out when nails are driven into it.

The measure of how much wood expands or contracts with changes in temperature.

The grain direction, or the arrangement of wood fibers, significantly impacts wood strength and shrinkage.

The mass of wood per unit volume, influenced by the specific gravity and moisture content.

Cracks that run across the thickness of lumber, typically at the ends, caused by drying or stress.

Cracks that run parallel to the annual rings of lumber, caused by drying or stress.

A process that protects steel from corrosion by coating it with a layer of zinc. This layer acts as a barrier, preventing oxygen and moisture from reaching the steel.

The older, darker, and denser inner core of a tree. It's usually less permeable to water and provides structural support.

A complex organic polymer that provides rigidity and structural support to plant cell walls, especially in wood.

A process that artificially dries lumber by using heat and controlled airflow to reduce moisture content. This improves stability, reduces warping, and prevents decay.

A unit of lumber volume, equal to a piece of wood measuring 12 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 1 inch thick.

A thin layer of living tissue between the bark and the wood of a tree. It produces new wood and bark cells for growth.

The stated size of lumber, which may differ from the actual size after drying and processing.

Cast iron, known for its brittleness, can become more pliable (malleable) through a specialized heat treatment called annealing. This process alters the material's internal structure, making it less prone to cracking.

Alloying steel with other elements (like chromium, nickel, and manganese) enhances its strength and resistance to corrosion. These specialized steels are often used in construction due to their durability.

Sulfur is a common impurity found in steel that significantly weakens its quality and makes it brittle. This means it's less resistant to breaking under stress.

The process of oxidation, where oxygen reacts with impurities in molten iron, helps remove them. This removes unwanted elements like sulfur, improving the overall quality of the final steel product.

Plywood is a composite material created by gluing thin layers of wood veneer together. This process creates a strong and stable panel used in various construction applications.

Seasoned lumber has a lower moisture content, making it more dimensionally stable and less prone to warping, shrinking, and cracking. Green lumber has a higher moisture content, making it more prone to these issues.

A board foot is a unit of measurement for lumber, representing 1 foot by 1 foot by 1 inch. Therefore, 4 pieces of 2x4x16' lumber would equal 42.67 board feet.