Materials Science: Metals and Alloys

Steel and Metal

• Steel is a solid, hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile material.
• Rivet is a cylindrical metal pin with a head on one end and a tail on the other, used to join two or more pieces of metal.
• Architectural Metal is a decorative metal element of a building or structure.
• Copper is commonly used in electrical wiring due to its excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance.
• Iron is known for its high tensile strength and is commonly used in construction and engineering applications.
• Structural Steel Framing is a skeletal frame constructed in a regular pattern to support floors, roofs, or walls.
• Steel Cladding is a layered metal used to protect the exterior walls of a building.

Wood and Carpentry

• Wood is a primary building material that is utilized for its availability, versatility, sustainability, and aesthetic appeal.
• Carpentry refers to the work that conveys a variety of physical and mechanical labor and a series of materials.
• The Latin word for carpentry is Carpentarius.
• There are four types of wood: Soft Woods, Hard Woods, Tropical Hardwoods, and Engineered Wood Products.
• Commercial Carpentry involves constructing structural frameworks for commercial buildings.
• Timber Framing is a type of carpentry that constructs structural frames using large, heavy timber beams and posts.
• Restoration and Preservation involve repairing and preserving historic wooden structures.
• Furniture Making is the creation of furniture such as tables, chairs, dressers, cabinets, and beds.
• Flooring involves installing wood planks or parquet tiles, often made of oak, maple, or other hardwoods.

Roofing and Insulation

• Gable Roof is a common roof design characterized by two sloping sides that meet at a ridge.
• Slate Tiles Roofing is a roofing material made from split thin, flat tiles.
• Solar Shingles are roofing materials that generate electricity.
• Flat Roof is a type of roof with a very slight pitch, often nearly level.
• EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer) Roofing is a type of roofing material commonly used for low-slope or flat roofs.
• Asphalt Shingles are a popular roofing material known for their durability and affordability.
• Foam Board Insulation is a type of insulation that comes in various types, such as EPS, XPS, and polyiso.
• Loose Fill or Blown-in Insulation consists of small particles of fiber, foam, or other materials that conform to any space without disturbing structures or finishes.

Glass and Glazing

• Laminated Glass is a type of glass made by sandwiching a layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) between two or more layers of glass.
• Float Glass is a type of glass made by floating molten glass on a bath of molten tin.
• Tempered Glass is a type of glass that is heat-treated to increase its strength and thermal resistance.
• Wired Glass has wire mesh embedded in it.
• Low-e Glass has a thin metallic coating on one side.
• Frosted Glass has a cloudy, foggy appearance.

Concrete and Masonry

• Aggregate is a strengthening and volume-stabilizing inert filler ingredient in concrete.
• Salt Finish is a type of concrete finish created by coating wet concrete with rock salt, then washing it off.
• Polythene Sheet and Plastic Sheet are used for concrete sheet curing.

Plastic and PVC

• Plastikos is the Greek word for plastic, meaning "capable of being molded".
• Rigid PVC is a type of versatile thermoplastic resin that is robust in normal settings.
• Flexible PVC is another type of PVC.
• Wood Plastic Composite or Wood Polymer Composite Flooring is an engineered flooring material made from mixed wood fibers and thermoplastic polymers.

This quiz covers the properties and uses of different metals, including steel, iron, copper, and their applications in architecture and construction.