24 Questions
What are the three principle types of stress?
Tensile, compressive, and shear stress
Which of the following is a mechanical property of materials?
Fracture toughness
Which mechanical test is used to measure a material's resistance to sudden impact or shock?
Impact test
What are the rheological properties of materials?
Viscosity, thixotropy, and viscoelasticity
Which of the following is a thermal property of materials related to heat conduction?
Thermal conductivity
What are the chemical degradation processes that affect metals?
Tarnish and corrosion
What distinguishes tarnish from corrosion in metal degradation?
Tarnish causes surface discoloration but does not deteriorate the material itself, while corrosion is a more serious chemical reaction between the material and its environment
What is a common cause of polymer degradation?
Water sorption
What type of corrosion are ceramics resistant to?
Electrochemical corrosion
What is the measure of a material's ability to resist fracture under stress?
Fracture toughness
Which property of materials relates to their ability to undergo large plastic deformation before rupture?
Ductility
Which property of materials describes their ability to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing?
Toughness
Which factor does the clinical performance of dental restorations depend on?
Appropriate material selection, based on a knowledge of each material’s properties
What is a dentist's responsibility with regard to materials?
To appreciate features of materials and understand what makes them useful for their chosen application
What is the growing need in relation to dental materials?
To be aware of the safety aspects of dental materials
What is the structure of ceramics based on?
Ionic bond
What is the principle that dentists need to understand for the adhesion of dental materials?
The principles of adhesion
What does the clinical performance of dental restorations depend on?
The optimum design of the restoration
What should dentists be able to do with regard to material selection?
Be able to select the most appropriate material on a case by case basis
What is important for dentists to understand about materials?
Material limitations
What does the clinical performance of dental restorations depend on?
Knowledge of how the material will interact with the biological environment
What is the need in relation to the safety aspects of dental materials?
To be aware of the safety aspects of dental materials
What should dentists appreciate about materials?
Features of materials and what makes them useful for their chosen application
What is important for dentists to understand about sourcing materials?
The care that has to be taken when sourcing materials from across the world
Study Notes
Mechanical, Physical, and Chemical Properties of Materials
- There are three principle types of stress: tensile, compressive, and shear stress.
- Mechanical properties include elastic limit, Young’s elastic modulus, fracture strength, yield stress, fracture toughness, ultimate tensile strength, ductility, resilience, and toughness.
- Mechanical tests include tensile, compression, hardness, impact, fatigue, creep tests.
- Rheological properties of materials include viscosity, thixotropy, and viscoelasticity.
- Thermal properties include thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal expansion.
- Optical properties include color, translucency, and surface texture.
- Chemical properties are affected by the oral environment, leading to dissolution, corrosion, discoloration, and breakdown of materials.
- Polymers degrade due to water sorption, soluble fraction, and bond rupture.
- Ceramics are resistant to electrochemical corrosion but susceptible to chemical corrosion.
- Tarnish and corrosion of metals are two types of chemical degradation processes.
- Tarnish causes surface discoloration but does not deteriorate the material itself, while corrosion is a more serious chemical reaction between the material and its environment.
- Different types of corrosion include dry corrosion, wet corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and crevice corrosion, each with distinct characteristics and effects on materials.
Test your knowledge of the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of materials with this quiz. Explore topics such as stress types, mechanical tests, rheological properties, thermal and optical properties, and chemical degradation processes for various material types. Gain insights into how materials behave under different conditions and understand the factors that affect their performance.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
