Material Science: Elasticity and States of Matter

<p>The point where material becomes permanently stretched (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maximum extension before a material breaks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depending on temperature and pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A material that returns to its original size after the force is removed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Definite volume but no definite shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The force required to give a unit extension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extension is directly proportional to the applied force up to the elastic limit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The force applied per unit area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of extension to original length (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The material permanently deforms and cannot recover (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The constant that relates stress to strain for a material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>After the elastic limit is exceeded (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yield point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The volume will change by an amount related to the bulk modulus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pascal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compressive stresses only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They distribute the weight over a larger area, reducing pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cracks occur at the bottom due to tensile stress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Volume strain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bulk modulus is high, indicating resistance to compression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is computed by dividing force by the surface area. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of tangential force to the area of the face being sheared (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a change in volume but no change in shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$rac{F}{A}$ where F is force and A is area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parallelogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uniform compression of materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$rac{d}{h}$ where d is horizontal distance moved and h is height (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ratio of change in length to the original length (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The maximum load where stress is linear with strain.

The maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation.

The point at which a material begins to deform plastically.

The load at which a material ultimately fails or breaks.

The force needed to produce a unit extension in an elastic material.

States that extension is proportional to the applied load within the elastic limit.

A measure of internal force per unit area within materials.

The measure of deformation representing the displacement between particles in a material.

The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain in a material.

The ratio of external force applied to the cross-sectional area of a material.

The ratio of the change in length to the original length of a material.

The ratio of shear stress to shear strain in a material.

The ratio of tangential force to the area of the surface being sheared.

The ratio of horizontal displacement to height in an object under shear stress.

Measures a substance's response to uniform compression or pressure change.

The ratio of normal force to the area over which it acts in volume deformation.

The change in volume of an object relative to its initial volume.

A collection of molecules arranged randomly, like liquids and gases.

The force exerted by a fluid acting perpendicular to a surface.

The SI unit of pressure, defined as one newton per square meter.

A stress that occurs when forces are applied parallel to a surface.

Snowshoes distribute weight to reduce pressure on soft surfaces.

Compression pushes together, tension pulls apart materials.

Matter exists primarily in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.

A state of matter with a definite volume and shape.

A state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape.

A state of matter with neither definite volume nor shape.

The ability of a substance to return to its original shape after distortion.