32 Questions
Which type of bacteria is commonly found in the cow's environment and can lead to mastitis?
Escherichia coli
Which of the following bacteria is resistant to penicillin?
Staphylococcus aureus
What is the threshold for somatic cell count (SCC) in milk that indicates a cow is infected?
200,000 cells/ml
What percentage of cows with SCC above 200,000 cells/ml at the first test after calving is considered acceptable?
Less than 10%
What is one of the ways to prevent and control mastitis in dairy herds?
Improving milking routine
What is the main role of vaccination in preventing mastitis in dairy herds?
Improving cow immunity
What is the recommended frequency of putting clean and dry bedding material into the loose yards during the dry cow period in order to reduce mastitis?
Daily
What is the suggested duration for pre-milking teat disinfection routine?
30 seconds
What can be used to track individual cow data and monitor infection status in a dairy herd?
Milk recording services
Which type of pathogen is the most common cause of mastitis in dairy herds?
Gram positive bacteria
What is the primary role of a veterinarian in managing mastitis in dairy herds?
All of the above
Which stage of a cow's lactation cycle is she most susceptible to mastitis infections?
During dry period
Which of the following is NOT an innate immunity defense mechanism in cows?
Lactoferrin
Which type of bacteria is commonly found in environmental mastitis infections?
Gram negative bacteria
What is the main emphasis in managing mastitis in dairy herds?
Controlling the spread of infection
What is the role of somatic cells in mastitis?
They are indicators of inflammation
Which type of pathogen is less commonly associated with environmental and contagious mastitis infections?
Yeasts and molds
What is the main focus of mastitis prevention in dairy herds?
Promoting good milking hygiene
What are some examples of gram negative bacteria that can cause mastitis?
E.coli, klebsiella
What are some examples of contagious mastitis pathogens?
Staph agalactiae, Staph Aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae
What is the significance of a high somatic cell count in milk?
It indicates a possible infection in the cow
How can cow somatic cell count data be used to monitor infection status in a herd?
By tracking individual cow data and analyzing patterns in cell counts
What is the suggested target for the percentage of cows with SCC > 200,000 cells/ml at first test after calving?
Less than 10%
What are some ways to reduce pathogen infection pressure in mastitis prevention and control?
Improvements in milking routine, milking machine function, and cow immunity through nutrition
What is the recommended duration for pre-milking teat disinfection routine?
30 seconds
What is mastitis and how does it affect dairy herds?
Mastitis is the infection and inflammation of the mammary gland in milking cows. It can be caused by over 150 different organisms, but most cases are caused by a small number of species. Mastitis is difficult to control and has a significant cost worldwide.
What is the main focus in managing mastitis in dairy herds?
The main emphasis in managing mastitis in dairy herds is on prevention rather than treatment.
What are the sources of infection for mastitis in dairy herds?
Mastitis can be caused by many different pathogens, but it is regularly caused by a small number of species. The cow's environment, such as S. uberis, is a common source of infection.
What are the innate immunity defenses in cows?
Cows have innate immunity defenses that protect them immediately against mastitis. These include the anatomy of the teat and teat end, soluble defenses like lactoferrin, and cellular defenses like macrophages, neutrophils, and somatic cells (SCC).
Which stage of a cow's lactation cycle is she most susceptible to mastitis infections?
Dry cows, which are heavily pregnant and due to be calving in the coming weeks, are highly susceptible to mastitis infections prior to birth.
What is the role of a veterinarian in managing mastitis in dairy herds?
Veterinarians play a role in diagnosing and treating sick cows, interpreting herd level data, and working on national control schemes to prevent mastitis.
How can lab reports and data evidence be used to prioritize management of farms in relation to mastitis?
Lab reports and data evidence can be used to identify the specific pathogens causing mastitis on farms, allowing for targeted management strategies to be implemented.
Test your knowledge on mastitis in dairy herds and the interaction between hosts and pathogens. Learn about the causes, challenges, and costs associated with this infection in milking cows. Find out which organisms are responsible for most cases and discover the difficulties in controlling mastitis.
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