40 Questions
Which muscles work together to depress the mandible?
Infrahyoid and lateral pterygoid
What is the primary function of the saliva in the oral cavity?
To moisten and break down carbohydrates
What is the role of the tongue in the oral processing of food?
To move food towards the molars
Which muscle contraction prevents food from entering the airway?
Bilateral contraction of the palatoglossus muscles
What is the term for the process of gathering food into a small, rounded mass for swallowing?
Bolus formation
What is the role of the lips in the oral processing of food?
To reduce the likelihood of food falling out of the mouth
What is the primary function of the epiglottis during swallowing?
To deflect any food and drink into the piriform fossa
Which muscles contract to close the nasopharynx from the oropharynx during swallowing?
Superior constrictor
What is the primary role of the hyoid bone during swallowing?
To move the larynx forward
What is the result of the contraction of the middle and inferior constrictors during swallowing?
The bolus is pushed towards the oesophagus
Which muscles relax to open the oropharyngeal isthmus during swallowing?
Palatoglossus muscles
What is the duration of the swallowing process from the oropharynx to the stomach?
2 seconds
Which joint allows for the movement of the lower jaw during mastication?
Temporomandibular joint
Which muscles are responsible for placing or keeping the food between the molars during mastication?
Muscles of the tongue
Which branch of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular nerve
What is the main function of the infratemporal fossa in relation to the muscles of mastication?
It allows for the passage of the muscles of mastication
Which of the following muscles of mastication is not a major muscle?
Digastric
Which artery supplies the muscles of mastication?
Maxillary artery
What happens to the hyoid bone and larynx after the bolus has passed through?
They return to their usual position
During the pharyngeal phase of swallowing, what prevents food or drink from entering the glottis?
Both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the larynx
What happens to the upper oesophageal sphincter during the upper oesophageal phase of swallowing?
It constricts
During the oesophageal phase of swallowing, what drives the bolus down the oesophagus?
Peristalsis
What is the last phase of swallowing?
Oesophageal phase
Which muscle contraction narrows the oropharyngeal isthmus during bolus formation?
Palatoglossus
What happens to the soft palate during the buccal phase of swallowing?
It raises
What is the primary function of the superior constrictor during swallowing?
To close the nasopharynx from the oropharynx
What is the primary action of the geniohyoid and anterior belly of digastric muscles during swallowing?
To raise the larynx forward
What is the primary function of the epiglottis during swallowing?
To deflect food and drink into the piriform fossa
What is the duration of the swallowing process from the oropharynx to the stomach?
2 seconds
What is the primary function of the aryepiglottic and transverse arytenoid muscles during swallowing?
To reduce the size of the laryngeal inlet
What is the primary function of the articular disc in the temporomandibular joint?
To facilitate gliding and hinge movements
Which of the following nerves is responsible for innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular nerve
What is the main function of the infratemporal fossa in relation to the muscles of mastication?
To provide a passage for the temporalis and pterygoid muscles
What is the name of the plexus of veins that is equivalent to the maxillary artery?
Pterygoid plexus
Which of the following muscles of mastication is responsible for elevating the mandible?
Masseter
What is the primary function of the maxillary artery in relation to the muscles of mastication?
To supply blood to the muscles of mastication
Which of the following is NOT a type of movement possible at the temporomandibular joint?
Rotation of the atlas
What is the name of the nerve responsible for innervation of both the musculature and mucosa of the oral cavity or cheeks?
Mandibular nerve
Which of the following is NOT a major masticatory muscle?
Digastric
What is the name of the space found posterior to the maxilla and deep to both the zygomatic arch and ramus of the mandible?
Infratemporal fossa
This quiz covers the process of mastication, including the role of muscles and glands in breaking down food. It also touches on the mechanical and chemical breakdown of carbohydrates.
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