Mastering Physical Examinations

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Which organ is responsible for secreting intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption?

Small intestine

Liver

Stomach (correct)

Pancreas

Where does most nutrient absorption occur?

Stomach

Liver

Colon

Small intestine (correct)

Which part of the small intestine is better suited for absorbing vitamin B12 and bile acids?

Duodenum

Jejunum

Colon

Ileum (correct)

What is the primary function of the colon?

Stool dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can lead to malnutrition due to impaired pancreatic enzyme release?

Chronic pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can cause gastric acid hypersecretion?

G-cell hyperplasia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can result in small intestinal obstruction?

Crohn's disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can cause delayed gastric emptying of meals?

Gastroparesis Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract provides a supportive foundation and permits external input?

Serosal layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the GI tract?

Both assimilating nutrients and eliminating waste Signup and view all the answers

Which organ in the GI tract sterilizes the upper gut?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

What prevents oral reflux of gastric contents?

Lower esophageal sphincter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of GI disease?

Altered bowel habits Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of abdominal pain?

IBS Signup and view all the answers

What is the classic symptom of heartburn?

Burning substernal sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare genetic dysmotility syndrome?

Functional dyspepsia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic clue provided by abnormal vital signs during a physical examination?

Orthostasis is produced by significant blood loss, dehydration, sepsis, or autonomic neuropathy Signup and view all the answers

Which examination evaluates dysphagia during a physical examination?

Neck examination with swallowing assessment Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may be indicated by the presence of ecchymoses during a physical examination?

Severe pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

Which examination assesses liver size and detects shifting dullness from ascites during a physical examination?

Percussion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of upper GI bleeding?

Melena Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause lower GI bleeding?

Hemorrhoids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a posthepatic cause of jaundice?

Choledocholithiasis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms suggest esophageal disease?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract does upper endoscopy evaluate?

Esophagus and stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred procedure for colon cancer screening and surveillance?

Colonoscopy Signup and view all the answers

Which abnormality can be visualized and biopsied using upper endoscopy?

Barrett's metaplasia Signup and view all the answers

What does colonoscopy assess?

Colon and distal ileum Signup and view all the answers

What does sigmoidoscopy examine?

Colon to the splenic flexure Signup and view all the answers

What are common indications for endoscopic procedures?