Mastering Physical Examinations

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Questions and Answers

Which organ is responsible for secreting intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption?

  • Small intestine
  • Liver
  • Stomach (correct)
  • Pancreas

Where does most nutrient absorption occur?

  • Stomach
  • Liver
  • Colon
  • Small intestine (correct)

Which part of the small intestine is better suited for absorbing vitamin B12 and bile acids?

  • Duodenum
  • Jejunum
  • Colon
  • Ileum (correct)

What is the primary function of the colon?

<p>Stool dehydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can lead to malnutrition due to impaired pancreatic enzyme release?

<p>Chronic pancreatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can cause gastric acid hypersecretion?

<p>G-cell hyperplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can result in small intestinal obstruction?

<p>Crohn's disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can cause delayed gastric emptying of meals?

<p>Gastroparesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract provides a supportive foundation and permits external input?

<p>Serosal layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the GI tract?

<p>Both assimilating nutrients and eliminating waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ in the GI tract sterilizes the upper gut?

<p>Stomach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents oral reflux of gastric contents?

<p>Lower esophageal sphincter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of GI disease?

<p>Altered bowel habits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of abdominal pain?

<p>IBS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classic symptom of heartburn?

<p>Burning substernal sensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare genetic dysmotility syndrome?

<p>Functional dyspepsia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic clue provided by abnormal vital signs during a physical examination?

<p>Orthostasis is produced by significant blood loss, dehydration, sepsis, or autonomic neuropathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which examination evaluates dysphagia during a physical examination?

<p>Neck examination with swallowing assessment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may be indicated by the presence of ecchymoses during a physical examination?

<p>Severe pancreatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which examination assesses liver size and detects shifting dullness from ascites during a physical examination?

<p>Percussion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of upper GI bleeding?

<p>Melena (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause lower GI bleeding?

<p>Hemorrhoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a posthepatic cause of jaundice?

<p>Choledocholithiasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms suggest esophageal disease?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gastrointestinal tract does upper endoscopy evaluate?

<p>Esophagus and stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred procedure for colon cancer screening and surveillance?

<p>Colonoscopy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which abnormality can be visualized and biopsied using upper endoscopy?

<p>Barrett's metaplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does colonoscopy assess?

<p>Colon and distal ileum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does sigmoidoscopy examine?

<p>Colon to the splenic flexure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common indications for endoscopic procedures?

<p>All of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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