Digestive System Functions Quiz

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What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive process?

To propel food slowly through the small intestine

To absorb some fat-soluble substances like alcohol and aspirin

To begin the chemical breakdown of proteins (correct)

To concentrate and temporarily store food residue

What is the role of the pancreas in the digestive process?

To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize acidic chyme (correct)

To absorb residual water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by enteric bacteria

To produce bile salts to emulsify lipids

To stimulate protein digesting enzymes and secrete intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive process?

To stimulate protein digesting enzymes and secrete intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption

To further breakdown of food residue (correct)

To absorb macro and micro nutrients

To mix chyme and digestive juices

What is the role of the gallbladder in the digestive process?

To store, concentrate, and release bile (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mechanical digestion in the digestive process?

To expose a larger surface area to digestive juices (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of peristalsis in the digestive process?

To propel food through the alimentary canal (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the tongue?

Chemical digestion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of gastric inhibitory peptide in the digestive system?

Inhibit gastric secretion and slow gastric emptying and motility (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the mouth is NOT true?

The mouth can handle digestion and respiration simultaneously (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a short reflex in the digestive system?

Expanding stomach causes an increase in digestive juice secretion (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the digestive process is true?

Defecation is the removal of undigested materials from the body (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the digestive system?

Stimulate the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile from the liver and gallbladder (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

Controlling food entering the stomach (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of swallowing involves skeletal muscles controlled voluntarily?

Voluntary phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pyloric sphincter?

Controls emptying of the stomach (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?

Parietal cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enteroendocrine cells in the stomach?

Secrete various hormones like gastrin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the fundus in the stomach?

Stores undigested food and gases (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

Lingual frenulum (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of saliva that initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates?

Enzymes (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where can you find the nerves and blood vessels in a tooth?

Pulp cavity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tooth is most susceptible to being degraded by a colony of bacteria?

Enamel (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

Protecting the trachea from food (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the throat directly connects to both the esophagus and the larynx?

Laryngopharynx (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about carbohydrate digestion and absorption is correct?

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and is primarily completed by pancreatic amylase in the small intestine. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about protein digestion and absorption is correct?

Protein digestion begins in the stomach and is completed by pancreatic enzymes in the small intestine. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about lipid digestion and absorption is correct?

Lipid digestion mainly occurs in the small intestine due to the action of pancreatic lipase. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about nucleic acid digestion is correct?

Pancreatic nuclease breaks down nucleic acids into pentoses, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about mineral absorption is correct?

The sodium-potassium pump, which requires ATP, is involved in electrolyte absorption. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the role of the gallbladder is correct?

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile, which is then propelled into the duodenum through the common bile duct. (D) Signup and view all the answers