Chemistry: Gas Laws Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does Boyle's Law state?

  • The volume of gas is directly proportional to the temperature.
  • The volume and pressure of a gas are always constant.
  • The pressure of gas is directly proportional to the temperature.
  • The pressure of gas at a constant temperature varies inversely with its volume. (correct)

Which law states that the volume of gas is directly proportional to its temperature?

  • Ideal Gas Law
  • Gay-Lussac's Law
  • Boyle's Law
  • Charles' Law (correct)

What are the Basic Gas Laws?

Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Gay-Lussac's Law

What do the Combined Gas Laws state?

<p>They describe the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the Ideal Gas Laws formed by?

<p>Using the Combined Gas Law with Avogadro's principle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>P1V1 = P2V2 = Boyle's Law V1/T1 = V2/T2 = Charles' Law P1/T1 = P2/T2 = Gay-Lussac's Law PV = nRT = Ideal Gas Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ideal Gas Law formula PV=nRT stand for?

<p>P = pressure, V = volume, n = amount of gas, R = ideal gas constant, T = temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Ideal Gas Law, n stands for ____.

<p>amount of gas (in moles)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the volume.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What temperature scale must be used in gas laws?

<p>Kelvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Gas Laws Overview

  • Boyle's Law: Pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature and amount.
  • Charles' Law: Volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.
  • Gay-Lussac's Law: Pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when the volume is constant.

Combined and Ideal Gas Laws

  • Combined Gas Law: Relates pressure (P), volume (V), and temperature (T) while keeping the amount of gas constant.
  • Ideal Gas Law: Formulated as PV=nRT; encompasses all variables and can be used to find mass once moles are determined.
    • P = pressure
    • V = volume
    • n = amount of gas (moles)
    • R = ideal gas constant (dependent on pressure unit)
    • T = temperature

Variables in Gas Laws

  • Amount of gas (A): Measured in moles (n).
  • Pressure (P): Can be expressed in various units such as kPa, mmHg, atm.
  • Temperature (T): Measured in Kelvin (K), calculated as K = °C + 273.
  • Volume (V): Volume of gas measured in liters (L).

Formulas for Gas Laws

  • Boyle's Law: ( P_1V_1 = P_2V_2 )
  • Charles' Law: ( \frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2} )
  • Gay-Lussac's Law: ( \frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2} )
  • Combined Gas Law: ( \frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2} )

Helpful Mnemonics

  • Boyle's Law Hint: "Boyle is the V.P. of Gas Laws" (inverse relationship).
  • Charles' Law Hint: "King Charles was 'V'icious" (direct relationship).
  • Gay-Lussac's Law Hint: "P.T. is gay" (joyful correlation between P and T).

Important Notes

  • Temperature for gas law calculations must always be in Kelvin.
  • The relationships established in these laws are essential for understanding gas behavior in various conditions.

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