Enteral Feeding Administration Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of medications may be beneficial in reducing or eliminating diarrhea in patients receiving enteral nutrition?

Antidiarrheal medications (correct)

Antacids

Vitamins

Antibiotics

What should be avoided to prevent clogging the feeding tube when using bulking agents or pectin?

Thickening the formula (correct)

Mixing with acidic beverages

Increasing fluid intake

Using smaller feeding tubes

Why might a predigested formula not be the best 'first line' option for managing diarrhea in patients?

It often causes constipation

It lacks essential nutrients

It is too expensive

It is rarely the cause of the diarrhea (correct)

What is a potential concern related to constipation in bedbound patients receiving long-term enteral feedings?

Fecal impaction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medications can cause constipation in patients receiving enteral nutrition?

Narcotic pain relievers Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions may diarrhea coexist with constipation in patients on enteral nutrition?

When there is a fecal impaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical daily feeding schedule for formula administration?

90 to 125 ml per hour over 18 to 20 hours Signup and view all the answers

What type of patients are most often successful with the formula administration regimen described?

Motivated, organized, alert, and mobile patients Signup and view all the answers

When is cyclic feeding commonly used?

At night Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are candidates for continuous feedings according to the text?

Patients with compromised gastrointestinal function due to various reasons Signup and view all the answers

How should the feeding rate goal be determined for formula administration?

By dividing the total daily volume by the number of hours per day of administration Signup and view all the answers

Why is dilution of formulas not recommended according to the text?

It can lead to underfeeding Signup and view all the answers

What should patients receiving parenteral nutrition as their sole source of nutrition receive daily?

Multivitamins and trace elements Signup and view all the answers

Why is iron not normally part of parenteral infusions?

It is incompatible with lipids Signup and view all the answers

How should the first dose of iron be administered to patients on an outpatient basis?

In a controlled setting like an outpatient infusion suite Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are especially sensitive to fluid administration?

Patients with cardiopulmonary, renal, and hepatic failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum volume of central parenteral nutrition that is generally prescribed daily?

$1.5$ to $3$ L Signup and view all the answers

For patients on home parenteral nutrition, how should higher volumes of fluids be administered?

In separate infusions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication associated with Parenteral Nutrition (PN)?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

How often is initial monitoring recommended for patients receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN)?

Weekly Signup and view all the answers

What signs of infection should be monitored for in patients receiving PN?

Elevated white blood cell count Signup and view all the answers

Why is monitoring metabolic tolerance critical in patients on Parenteral Nutrition (PN)?

To evaluate response to therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential source for introducing microorganisms into a major vein during PN administration?

CPN catheter site Signup and view all the answers

What is of utmost importance in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients receiving PN?

CPN catheter site care Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended before discontinuing Parenteral Nutrition (PN)?

Ensure 100% of nutrient needs are met consistently by oral intake Signup and view all the answers

How can hunger and satiety cues be reestablished for oral intake during the daytime?

Transitioning from continuous feeding to a 12- and then an 8-hour formula administration cycle during the night Signup and view all the answers

When are oral diets often attempted in practice after enteral feeding?

After inadvertent or deliberate removal of a nasoenteric tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of commercial formulas for oral supplementation?

Augment the intake of solid foods Signup and view all the answers

How many grams of intact protein do most commercial oral supplements provide approximately in an 8 oz portion?

8 to 14 g Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when transitioning from Enteral Feeding to Oral Feeding?

Reduce formula administration cycle during the night Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Diarrhea and Constipation Management

Adjusting medications or administration methods can reduce or eliminate diarrhea.
FOS, pectin, guar gum, bulking agents, and antidiarrheal medications can be beneficial in managing diarrhea.
Constipation is a concern, especially among bedbound patients, and fiber-containing formulas or stool-bulking medications may be helpful.
Narcotic pain relievers and iron supplements can cause constipation.

Monitoring Tolerance and Nutrient Intake

Monitoring a patient's actual intake and tolerance is crucial to ensure nutrition goals are achieved.
Monitoring metabolic and gastrointestinal tolerance, hydration status, weight, and lean body mass is essential.
Patients receiving PN require added multivitamins and trace elements daily and close monitoring.

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Fluid needs for PN or EN are calculated similarly, with maximum volumes rarely exceeding 3 L.
Volumes of prescribed CPN should be coordinated with the overall care plan, especially for patients with cardiopulmonary, renal, and hepatic failure.

Monitoring and Evaluation

Routine monitoring of PN is necessary, especially for hospital patients.
Monitoring is done to evaluate response to therapy and ensure compliance with the treatment plan.

Complications

Infection is the primary complication associated with PN, and strict adherence to protocols is necessary.
Monitoring for signs of infection, such as chills, fever, tachycardia, sudden hyperglycemia, or elevated white blood cell count, is crucial.

Transitioning to Oral Feeding

A stepwise decrease in EN is used to transition to oral feeding.
Oral supplements can be used to augment solid foods, providing approximately 250 kcal/8 oz or 240-ml portion and approximately 8 to 14 g of intact protein.

Formula Administration

Formula administration is initiated at 100 to 150 ml per feeding and increased incrementally as tolerated.
Cyclic feeding allows for a period of time away from the tube feeding.

Continuous Feeding

Continuous infusion of EN requires a pump and is appropriate for patients who do not tolerate volume infusion used with bolus, cyclical, or intermittent methods.
Patients with compromised gastrointestinal function are candidates for continuous feedings.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the administration of enteral feeding. Learn about the recommended initial feeding amounts, strategies for increasing feeds, and the benefits of cyclic feeding. Explore typical daily feeding schedules and the use of enteral feeding as a transition to oral feedings.