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Questions and Answers

What are some disadvantages of wind turbines?

Some people don't like them and they don't work well on non-windy days.

What are some disadvantages of tidal and wave power?

They can be disruptive to the local environment.

What is a disadvantage of hydro-electric dams?

They involve flooding a large area which may include people's homes or animal's habitats.

What is a disadvantage of geothermal power?

It can only be used in volcanic counties. Signup and view all the answers

What are the units for power, energy transferred, and time?

Power - Watts (W), Energy transferred - Joules (J), Time - seconds (s) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for elastic potential energy and what are the units for each variable?

Elastic potential energy = 1/2 * spring constant * extension^2, Units: Elastic potential energy - Joules (J), Spring constant - newtons per meter (N/m), Extension - meters (m) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for efficiency and how can it be expressed?

Efficiency = useful energy out / total energy in, Efficiency can be expressed as a percentage or a decimal Signup and view all the answers

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed into another form of energy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of energy mentioned in the text?

The different types of energy mentioned in the text are gravitational potential energy, electrical energy, elastic potential energy, kinetic energy, sound energy, light energy, nuclear energy, chemical energy, and heat or thermal energy. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of an object or process where multiple types of energy are involved.

One example mentioned in the text is a phone, where electrical energy goes in, chemical energy is stored, and heat, light, and sound energy come out. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between charge, current, and time?

Charge equals current times time ($Q = It$). Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between potential difference, current, and resistance?

Potential difference equals current times resistance ($V = IR$). Signup and view all the answers

How does the resistance of a filament bulb change with temperature?

As the temperature increases, the resistance increases. Signup and view all the answers

What are the core practicals for the topic of electricity in AQA Physics?

The text mentions that there are many practicals in this topic, but does not specify the core practicals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a cell and a battery?

A battery is made up of more than one cell. Signup and view all the answers

What are the units for power, energy, and time?

Power is measured in watts (W), energy is measured in joules (J), and time is measured in seconds (s). Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for power?

The equation for power is P = IV, where P is power, I is current, and V is potential difference. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for energy?

The equation for energy is E = Pt, where E is energy, P is power, and t is time. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for energy when considering charge and potential difference?

The equation for energy is E = QV, where E is energy, Q is charge, and V is potential difference. Signup and view all the answers

What are some sources of background radiation?

cosmic radiation, testing of nuclear weapons, plane travel, nuclear power stations Signup and view all the answers

What are the uses of radiation?

cancer treatment, sterilizing materials, smoke alarms Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of nuclear fission?

breaking apart of atoms, chain reaction, release of neutrons and radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of nuclear fusion described in the text?

fusion of nuclei, release of energy, light, heat, sound Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors that determine what stops radioactivity?

half-life, type of radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of an atom?

The mass number is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an atom?

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons in an atom. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of radiation?

The three types of radiation are alpha radiation, beta radiation, and gamma radiation. Signup and view all the answers

What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment provide evidence for?

Rutherford's gold foil experiment provided evidence for the nuclear model of the atom. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for measuring activity?

The unit for measuring activity is the Becquerel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for density and what are the units for each variable?

$\rho = \frac{mass}{volume}$, units: mass (kg), volume (m^3), density (kg/m^3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for specific heat capacity and what are the units for each variable?

$\Delta E = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T$, units: $\Delta E$ (J), m (kg), c (J/kg°C), $\Delta T$ (°C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for latent heat and what are the units for each variable?

$E = m \cdot L$, units: E (J), m (kg), L (J/kg) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between temperature and average kinetic energy?

Temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for pressure and what are the units for each variable?

Pressure = Volume $\times$ Constant, units: Pressure (Pa), Volume (m^3) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure in a system when more gas is added?

The pressure in the system increases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for work done on a gas and what are the units for each variable?

Work done = Pressure $\times$ Change in volume, units: Work done (J), Pressure (Pa), Change in volume (m^3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between work done on a gas and the pressure in the system?

Work done on a gas is directly proportional to the pressure in the system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for average kinetic energy and what are the units for each variable?

Average kinetic energy = $\frac{3}{2}kT$, units: Average kinetic energy (J), T (K) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between evaporation and the average kinetic energy of a system?

Evaporation lowers the average kinetic energy of a system. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure and Radiation Summary

The word "atom" comes from the Greek word "atomos," which means uncuttable, but atoms are not actually the smallest things.
Atoms are incredibly tiny, with a size of 0.1 to 0.5 nanometers.
Atoms consist of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and shells, which contain electrons.
Protons have a mass of 1, neutrons have a mass of 1, and electrons are much smaller in mass.
The periodic table provides information about the atomic number and mass number of elements.
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons in an atom.
The mass number is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
The model of the atom has evolved over time, from a solid sphere to a nuclear model with a positive center and electrons orbiting outside.
Rutherford's gold foil experiment provided evidence for the nuclear model of the atom.
There are three types of radiation: alpha radiation, beta radiation, and gamma radiation.
Radiation can be measured using a Geiger-Muller tube, and the unit for radiation is the Becquerel.

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Test your knowledge of different types of energy in AQA physics with this quiz. Learn how to remember them using the acronym GEEK'S LUNCH. Challenge yourself with questions on gravitational potential energy, electrical energy, kinetic energy, and more.