Mastering Dominant and Recessive Traits
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Questions and Answers

Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

  • Maternal division
  • Meiosis I (correct)
  • Meiosis II
  • Paternal division

    • What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

  • 25%
  • 50% (correct)
  • 0%
  • 100%

    • What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

  • 0% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 100%
  • 25%

    • What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the father of a man with red-green color blindness was also color-blind, does that change the probability of his child being color-blind?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>12 cM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>Packaging DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the G1 phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

    <p>Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some cells permanently enter G0 phase?

    <p>To differentiate into specialized cell types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a trait or allele that is expressed over another in an individual's phenotype?

    <p>Dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are dominant traits or alleles more common than recessive?

    <p>It depends on the specific trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are recessive traits considered defective or weak?

    <p>Recessive traits can be defective or weak depending on the trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a testcross be used to infer the genotype of an individual?

    <p>By crossing the individual with a homozygous recessive individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it possible for two individuals to have the same phenotype, but different genotypes?

    <p>Yes, it is possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it possible for two individuals to have the same genotype, but different phenotypes?

    <p>It depends on the specific trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of offspring having certain traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis involves one division, while meiosis involves two divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?

    <p>Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II separates sister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As you go through the phases of human meiosis, how many chromosomes are there in each phase?

    <p>23 chromosomes in each phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

    <p>Both Meiosis I and Meiosis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>To package DNA into a compact structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the G1 phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

    <p>Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>24 centimorgans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the father of a man with red-green color blindness was also color-blind, does that change the probability of his child being color-blind?

    <p>No, it does not change the probability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in the control of the cell cycle?

    <p>To regulate the progression of the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a trait or allele that is expressed over another in an individual's phenotype?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically different daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>To regulate gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of inheriting a certain trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a testcross be used to infer the genotype of an individual?

    <p>By crossing the individual with a homozygous recessive individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are recessive traits considered defective or weak?

    <p>No, recessive traits can be normal and not necessarily weak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>12 cM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the father of a man with red-green color blindness was also color-blind, does that change the probability of his child being color-blind?

    <p>No, it does not change the probability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?

    <p>Meiosis I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II involves the separation of sister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>Histone proteins are involved in the packaging of DNA into a compact structure called chromatin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the G1 phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

    <p>The cell grows and carries out normal cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in the control of the cell cycle?

    <p>Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases are responsible for the progression of the cell cycle through its various stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a trait or allele that is expressed over another in an individual's phenotype?

    <p>Dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis results in the formation of genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in the formation of genetically diverse daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

    <p>Both Meiosis I and Meiosis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a testcross be used to infer the genotype of an individual?

    <p>By crossing the individual with a homozygous recessive individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are dominant traits or alleles more common than recessive?

    <p>Recessive traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As you go through the phases of human meiosis, how many chromosomes are there in each phase?

    <p>23 chromosomes in each phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

    <p>Both Meiosis I and Meiosis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis produces genetically identical cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>Histone proteins help condense and package DNA into chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of offspring having a specific genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the G1 phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

    <p>Cell growth and preparation for DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a trait or allele that is expressed over another in an individual's phenotype?

    <p>Dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis produces genetically identical cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?

    <p>Meiosis I involves two rounds of cell division, while meiosis II involves one round of cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it possible for two individuals to have the same genotype, but different phenotypes?

    <p>Yes, because the expression of genes can be influenced by environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>Histone proteins help condense and package DNA into a compact structure called chromatin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of certain genotypes and phenotypes in offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>12 cM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are recessive traits considered defective or weak?

    <p>No, recessive traits are not considered defective or weak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

    <p>Both Meiosis I and Meiosis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl having hemophilia if her mother is a carrier and her father is unaffected?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy being color-blind if his mother has red-green color blindness and his father is not color-blind?

    <p>0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the father of a man with red-green color blindness was also color-blind, does that change the probability of his child being color-blind?

    <p>Yes, the probability increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of a trait in offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>12 cM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>To package DNA into a compact structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in genetically diverse daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a trait or allele that is expressed over another in an individual's phenotype?

    <p>Incomplete dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins?

    <p>They regulate gene expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between eukaryotic mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis involves one round of cell division, while meiosis involves two rounds of cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a girl being color-blind if her mother has red-green color blindness and her father is not color-blind?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 12% of offspring from a cross of fruit flies show nonparental phenotypes, how far apart are the genes in centimorgans?

    <p>12 cM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Punnett square help determine?

    <p>The probability of a specific genotype in offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division does nondisjunction occur in meiosis?

    <p>Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are recessive traits considered defective or weak?

    <p>Neither defective nor weak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As you go through the phases of human meiosis, how many chromosomes are there in each phase?

    <p>46 chromosomes in meiosis I, 23 chromosomes in meiosis II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of meiosis does nondisjunction occur in?

    <p>Both Division I and Division II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of a boy having hemophilia if his mother is a heterozygous carrier and his father is unaffected?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of histone proteins and how does their structure relate to their function?

    <p>Histone proteins help package DNA into a compact structure called a nucleosome. Their structure allows them to bind to DNA and regulate gene expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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