Mastering Computer Security

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What is computer security?

Computer security is the protection of computer systems and networks from malicious attacks that can result in unauthorized information disclosure, theft, or damage.

Why is cybersecurity significant?

Cybersecurity is significant due to the reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards. Additionally, the growth of smart devices and the complexity of information systems make it a major challenge in today's world.

How has computer security evolved over the years?

Computer security was initially limited to academia until the conception of the Internet. With increased connectivity, computer viruses and network intrusions became prevalent. In the 2000s, cyber threats and cybersecurity became institutionalized.

What were the foundational moments in the history of computer security?

The April 1967 session organized by Willis Ware and the publication of the Ware Report. Signup and view all the answers

What is the CIA triad?

The CIA triad consists of confidentiality, integrity, and availability as key security goals. Signup and view all the answers

What were the main computer threats in the 1970s and 1980s?

The main threats were from malicious insiders gaining unauthorized access to sensitive documents and files. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the earliest examples of an attack on a computer network?

The computer worm Creeper, written by Bob Thomas, propagated through the ARPANET in 1971. Signup and view all the answers

What is a backdoor and why is it considered a vulnerability?

A backdoor is a hidden method of bypassing normal authentication and gaining unauthorized access to a computer system. It is considered a vulnerability because it allows unauthorized individuals to access a system and potentially compromise its security. Signup and view all the answers

What is a denial-of-service attack and how can it be carried out?

A denial-of-service attack is an attempt to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users. It can be carried out by overwhelming the target with a flood of illegitimate requests or by exploiting vulnerabilities to crash the system. Signup and view all the answers

How can an unauthorized user gain access to a computer and compromise its security?

An unauthorized user can gain physical access to a computer and directly copy data from it. They can also compromise security by making operating system modifications, installing malicious software, or using various techniques such as keyloggers or wireless microphones. Signup and view all the answers

What is phishing and how does it work?

Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information, such as usernames and passwords, by deceiving users. It is typically carried out through email spoofing or instant messaging, directing users to enter their details on fake websites that mimic legitimate ones. Attackers use social engineering techniques to gain the trust of their victims and trick them into revealing their personal information. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of cyber threats?

Computer viruses and network intrusions are examples of cyber threats. Signup and view all the answers

Why is cybersecurity significant in today's world?

Cybersecurity is significant due to the expanded reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards, as well as the growth of smart devices and the complexity of information systems. Signup and view all the answers

When did computer security start to gain more attention?

Computer security started to gain more attention after the spread of viruses in the 1990s. Signup and view all the answers

What were the key security goals introduced in the 1977 NIST publication?

confidentiality, integrity, and availability Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the earliest computer worms and when did it propagate through the ARPANET?

The computer worm Creeper, in 1971 Signup and view all the answers

Who performed the first documented case of cyber espionage between September 1986 and June 1987?

A group of German hackers Signup and view all the answers

What is a backdoor in computer security?

A secret method of bypassing normal authentication or security controls Signup and view all the answers

What are backdoors and why are they considered a vulnerability?

Backdoors are hidden access points in a system that allow unauthorized parties to gain entry. They are considered a vulnerability because they can be used by attackers to compromise the security of a system. Signup and view all the answers

What is a denial-of-service attack and how can it be carried out?

A denial-of-service attack is designed to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users. It can be carried out by overwhelming the target with a high volume of traffic or by exploiting vulnerabilities in the target's system. Signup and view all the answers

How can an unauthorized user gain physical access to a computer and compromise its security?

An unauthorized user can gain physical access to a computer and compromise its security by directly copying data from it, making operating system modifications, installing malware, or using wireless devices to eavesdrop on conversations. Signup and view all the answers

What is phishing and how does it work?

Phishing is an attempt to acquire sensitive information by deceiving users. It typically involves sending fake emails or messages that appear to be from a legitimate source, tricking users into entering their personal information on a fake website. This information is then used to gain unauthorized access to the user's real accounts. Signup and view all the answers

Computer security, cyber security , digital security or information technology security (IT security) is the protection of computer systems and networks from attack by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information ______, theft of, or damage to hardware, software, or data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

disclosure Signup and view all the answers

The field is significant due to the expanded reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and ______.

Wi-Fi Signup and view all the answers

Security is of especially high importance for systems that govern large-scale systems with far-reaching physical effects, such as power distribution, elections, and ______.

finance Signup and view all the answers

Denial of service attacks (DoS) are designed to make a machine or network resource ______ to its intended users.

unavailable Signup and view all the answers

An unauthorized user gaining physical access to a computer is most likely able to directly ______ data from it.

copy Signup and view all the answers

Eavesdropping is the act of surreptitiously listening to a private computer conversation (communication), typically between hosts on a ______.

network Signup and view all the answers

Phishing is the attempt of acquiring sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details directly from users by ______ the users.

deceiving Signup and view all the answers

The April 1967 session organized by Willis Ware at the Spring Joint Computer Conference, and the later publication of the Ware Report, were foundational moments in the history of the field of ______ security.

computer Signup and view all the answers

A 1977 NIST publication introduced the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity, and availability as a clear and simple way to describe key ______ goals.

security Signup and view all the answers

One of the earliest examples of an attack on a computer network was the computer worm ______ written by Bob Thomas at BBN, which propagated through the ARPANET in 1971.

Creeper Signup and view all the answers

In 1988, one of the first computer worms, called the ______ worm, was distributed via the Internet.

Morris Signup and view all the answers

Computer security, cyber security , digital security or information technology security (IT security) is the protection of computer systems and networks from attack by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information disclosure, theft of, or damage to hardware, software, or data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

Computer systems and networks Signup and view all the answers

The field is significant due to the expanded reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Also, due to the growth of smart devices, including smartphones, televisions, and the various devices that constitute the Internet of things (IoT).

Smart devices Signup and view all the answers

Cybersecurity is one of the most significant challenges of the contemporary world, due to both the complexity of information systems and the societies they support.

Information systems Signup and view all the answers

Eavesdropping is the act of surreptitiously listening to a private computer conversation, typically between hosts on a ______

network Signup and view all the answers

Surfacing in 2017, a new class of multi-vector, polymorphic cyber threats combined several types of attacks and changed form to avoid cybersecurity controls as they ______

spread Signup and view all the answers

Phishing is the attempt of acquiring sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details directly from users by ______ the users

deceiving Signup and view all the answers

Denial of service attacks (DoS) are designed to make a machine or network resource ______ to its intended users

unavailable Signup and view all the answers

Computer security is the protection of computer systems and networks from attack by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information ______, theft of, or damage to hardware, software, or data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

access Signup and view all the answers

A backdoor in a computer system, a cryptosystem, or an algorithm, is any secret method of bypassing normal authentication or security ______.

controls Signup and view all the answers

A vulnerability is a weakness in design, implementation, operation, or internal ______.

control Signup and view all the answers

To secure a computer system, it is important to understand the attacks that can be made against it, and these threats can typically be classified into one of these ______.

categories Signup and view all the answers

Mastering Computer Security

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Questions and Answers

What is computer security?

Why is cybersecurity significant?

How has computer security evolved over the years?

What were the foundational moments in the history of computer security?

What is the CIA triad?

What were the main computer threats in the 1970s and 1980s?

What was one of the earliest examples of an attack on a computer network?

What is a backdoor and why is it considered a vulnerability?

What is a denial-of-service attack and how can it be carried out?

How can an unauthorized user gain access to a computer and compromise its security?

What is phishing and how does it work?

What are some examples of cyber threats?

Why is cybersecurity significant in today's world?

When did computer security start to gain more attention?

What were the key security goals introduced in the 1977 NIST publication?

What was one of the earliest computer worms and when did it propagate through the ARPANET?

Who performed the first documented case of cyber espionage between September 1986 and June 1987?

What is a backdoor in computer security?

What are backdoors and why are they considered a vulnerability?

What is a denial-of-service attack and how can it be carried out?

How can an unauthorized user gain physical access to a computer and compromise its security?

What is phishing and how does it work?

The field is significant due to the expanded reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and ______.

Security is of especially high importance for systems that govern large-scale systems with far-reaching physical effects, such as power distribution, elections, and ______.

Denial of service attacks (DoS) are designed to make a machine or network resource ______ to its intended users.

An unauthorized user gaining physical access to a computer is most likely able to directly ______ data from it.

Eavesdropping is the act of surreptitiously listening to a private computer conversation (communication), typically between hosts on a ______.

Phishing is the attempt of acquiring sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details directly from users by ______ the users.

The April 1967 session organized by Willis Ware at the Spring Joint Computer Conference, and the later publication of the Ware Report, were foundational moments in the history of the field of ______ security.

A 1977 NIST publication introduced the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity, and availability as a clear and simple way to describe key ______ goals.

One of the earliest examples of an attack on a computer network was the computer worm ______ written by Bob Thomas at BBN, which propagated through the ARPANET in 1971.

In 1988, one of the first computer worms, called the ______ worm, was distributed via the Internet.

The field is significant due to the expanded reliance on computer systems, the Internet, and wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Also, due to the growth of smart devices, including smartphones, televisions, and the various devices that constitute the Internet of things (IoT).

Cybersecurity is one of the most significant challenges of the contemporary world, due to both the complexity of information systems and the societies they support.

Eavesdropping is the act of surreptitiously listening to a private computer conversation, typically between hosts on a ______

Surfacing in 2017, a new class of multi-vector, polymorphic cyber threats combined several types of attacks and changed form to avoid cybersecurity controls as they ______

Phishing is the attempt of acquiring sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details directly from users by ______ the users

Denial of service attacks (DoS) are designed to make a machine or network resource ______ to its intended users

Computer security is the protection of computer systems and networks from attack by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information ______, theft of, or damage to hardware, software, or data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

A backdoor in a computer system, a cryptosystem, or an algorithm, is any secret method of bypassing normal authentication or security ______.

A vulnerability is a weakness in design, implementation, operation, or internal ______.

To secure a computer system, it is important to understand the attacks that can be made against it, and these threats can typically be classified into one of these ______.

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