Mastering Computer Security

The April 1967 session organized by Willis Ware at the Spring Joint Computer Conference, and the later publication of the Ware Report, were foundational moments in the history of the field of ______ security.

A 1977 NIST publication introduced the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity, and availability as a clear and simple way to describe key ______ goals.

However, in the 1970s and 1980s, there were no grave computer threats because computers and the internet were still developing, and ______ threats were easily identifiable.

One of the earliest examples of an attack on a computer network was the computer ______ Creeper.

Backdoors can be very hard to detect, and ______ are usually discovered by someone who has access to the application source code or intimate knowledge of the operating system of the computer.

Denial of service attacks (DoS) are designed to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users.

An unauthorized user gaining physical access to a computer is most likely able to directly copy data from it.

______ is the act of surreptitiously listening to a private computer conversation (communication), typically between hosts on a network.

Surfacing in 2017, a new class of multi-vector, polymorphic cyber threats combined several types of attacks and changed form to avoid cybersecurity controls as they spread.

______ is the attempt of acquiring sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details directly from users by deceiving the users.