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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the final grade is composed of Mastering A&P assignments?
What percentage of the final grade is composed of Mastering A&P assignments?
Which of these dates indicates the timing of the second midterm exam?
Which of these dates indicates the timing of the second midterm exam?
What is the range of topics covered on the final exam?
What is the range of topics covered on the final exam?
Where can students access course materials such as syllabus, slides, and handouts?
Where can students access course materials such as syllabus, slides, and handouts?
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How are deferred exams administered?
How are deferred exams administered?
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Which of the following is primarily concerned with the function of body parts?
Which of the following is primarily concerned with the function of body parts?
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What does systemic anatomy primarily study?
What does systemic anatomy primarily study?
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Which of these methods is MOST associated with anatomical study?
Which of these methods is MOST associated with anatomical study?
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Which of these terms BEST describes the study of the microscopic arrangement of tissues?
Which of these terms BEST describes the study of the microscopic arrangement of tissues?
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Which level of structural organization is studied by both cytology and histology?
Which level of structural organization is studied by both cytology and histology?
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What is the due date for Muscle assignment?
What is the due date for Muscle assignment?
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What is the course ID for the ANP1105D2025 course on the Mastering A&P website?
What is the course ID for the ANP1105D2025 course on the Mastering A&P website?
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Which of the following learning styles is NOT mentioned as being present in learners?
Which of the following learning styles is NOT mentioned as being present in learners?
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What is the timeframe for free temporary access available via online purchase of an access code for Mastering A&P?
What is the timeframe for free temporary access available via online purchase of an access code for Mastering A&P?
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What is the email address for the instructor of ANP1105D2025?
What is the email address for the instructor of ANP1105D2025?
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To access course materials like syllabus, slides, and handouts, students should use which platform?
To access course materials like syllabus, slides, and handouts, students should use which platform?
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What is the specific URL to access the department website for deferred exam information?
What is the specific URL to access the department website for deferred exam information?
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How many assignments, with deadlines, are mentioned in this text?
How many assignments, with deadlines, are mentioned in this text?
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How does structure relate to function in biological systems?
How does structure relate to function in biological systems?
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Which of the following is considered a necessary life function?
Which of the following is considered a necessary life function?
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What do anatomical variations in humans typically imply?
What do anatomical variations in humans typically imply?
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In the anatomical position, how are the palms oriented?
In the anatomical position, how are the palms oriented?
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Which of the following best describes the axial part of the body?
Which of the following best describes the axial part of the body?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the cell theory's principles?
Which of the following is NOT one of the cell theory's principles?
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Which term refers to the body section dividing it into anterior and posterior parts?
Which term refers to the body section dividing it into anterior and posterior parts?
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Which of the following body cavities is NOT exposed to the environment?
Which of the following body cavities is NOT exposed to the environment?
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What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in human cells?
What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in human cells?
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Which type of epithelial tissue is primarily involved in absorption and secretion?
Which type of epithelial tissue is primarily involved in absorption and secretion?
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What is a key characteristic of connective tissue?
What is a key characteristic of connective tissue?
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What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?
What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?
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Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for involuntary movement?
Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for involuntary movement?
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How are exocrine glands different from endocrine glands?
How are exocrine glands different from endocrine glands?
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What defines a unicellular gland?
What defines a unicellular gland?
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What significant role does the cytoskeleton play in cells?
What significant role does the cytoskeleton play in cells?
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Which type of connective tissue is characterized by a liquid matrix?
Which type of connective tissue is characterized by a liquid matrix?
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Which layer classification is used for simple epithelia?
Which layer classification is used for simple epithelia?
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Which component of the nucleus is responsible for producing ribosomes?
Which component of the nucleus is responsible for producing ribosomes?
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What characteristic is unique to cardiac muscle tissue?
What characteristic is unique to cardiac muscle tissue?
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What is the primary function of adipose tissue?
What is the primary function of adipose tissue?
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Which type of connective tissue is designed to withstand tension in one direction?
Which type of connective tissue is designed to withstand tension in one direction?
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Flashcards
ANP1105D Course
ANP1105D Course
A specific course focusing on Human Anatomy & Physiology at uOttawa.
Mastering A&P Assignments
Mastering A&P Assignments
Ongoing assignments contributing 10% to the final grade in ANP1105D.
Midterm Exam 1
Midterm Exam 1
First major assessment covering Topics 1 & 2, weighted at 25%.
Final Exam
Final Exam
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Deferred Exams
Deferred Exams
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Levels of Structural Organization
Levels of Structural Organization
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Gross Anatomy
Gross Anatomy
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Microscopic Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy
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Histology
Histology
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Physiology
Physiology
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Deferred Exams Information
Deferred Exams Information
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Access Code for Mastering A&P
Access Code for Mastering A&P
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Assignment Availability
Assignment Availability
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Course ID
Course ID
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Course Name
Course Name
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Instructor Contact Information
Instructor Contact Information
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Learner Diversity Types
Learner Diversity Types
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Multimodal Learning
Multimodal Learning
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Principle of Complementarity
Principle of Complementarity
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Necessary Life Functions
Necessary Life Functions
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Anatomical Position
Anatomical Position
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Regional Terms
Regional Terms
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Axial Part of Body
Axial Part of Body
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Cell Theory
Cell Theory
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Directional Terms
Directional Terms
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Anatomical Variability
Anatomical Variability
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Plasma Membrane
Plasma Membrane
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Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
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Organelles
Organelles
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Lysosomes
Lysosomes
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Centrosome
Centrosome
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Cilia
Cilia
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Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
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Simple Squamous Epithelium
Simple Squamous Epithelium
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Glandular Epithelium
Glandular Epithelium
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Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
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Cartilage
Cartilage
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Blood as Connective Tissue
Blood as Connective Tissue
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Stratified Epithelium
Stratified Epithelium
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Holocrine Secretion
Holocrine Secretion
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Study Notes
Textbook Information
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th edition) by E.N. Marieb & K. Hoehn
- The book covers Basic Cellular Physiology and Anatomy & Physiology of Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, & Respiratory Systems
Course Information
- Course Name: ANP1105D2025
- Course ID: li01086
- Mastering A&P (registration information)
- Syllabus
- Exams and Regulations
- Slides
- Handouts
- Announcements
Evaluation & Assignments
- Mastering A&P Assignments (10%) throughout the term
- Midterm Exam 1 (Topics 1 & 2) (25%) January 30
- Midterm Exam 2 (Topic 3-4.2) (25%) March 6
- Final Exam (80-85% on Topics 4.3-6; 15-20% on Topics 1-4.2) (40%) TBD (April 12-25)
- Deferred exams administered by department, at the same time. Check the departmental link for details: https://www2.uottawa.ca/faculty-medicine/cellular-molecular/undergraduate-students
- Access code required for Mastering A&P assignments
- Assignment schedule: due dates and times are listed
- Cells and Tissues
- Membrane Transport and the Neuron
- Muscle
- Homeostasis
- Blood
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Lymphatic system & Respiratory Anatomy
- Respiratory Physiology
Mastering A&P Access Code Purchase
- The access code can be purchased at the bookstore or online
- Online access grants a 2-week temporary access period
- Access codes must use the same last and first name as on your Brightspace account
Instructor Contacts
- Dr. Li
- Email: [email protected]
- Brightspace, Mastering A&P, Exams, Emails
- Use same last name & first name as on Brightspace
Learner Diversity
- Multimodal learning styles are accommodated
- VARK learning styles questionnaire is available online (www.vark-learn.com)
Skill of Learning
- Effective learning involves multiple strategies and methods
- Active learning, study groups, visualizations, and repetition are useful tools.
The Human Body (Topic 1)
- 1.1 Levels of structural organization in the human body (Chapter 1, pp. 1-9, 12-22)
- 1.2 Summary of major organelles and structures in body cells (Chapter 3, pp. 60-63, 83-96)
- 1.3 Description of different tissues in the human body (Chapter 4, pp. 115-149)
Anatomy
- The structure of body parts, and their relationships to each other
- Gross anatomy (macroscopic): Systemic anatomy, Regional anatomy, Surface anatomy
- Microscopic anatomy: Histology, Cytology
- Developmental anatomy
Physiology
- The function of body parts
- Topics based on organ systems.
- Focus on cellular and molecular events
- Principles: Basic physical and chemical principles (electrical currents, pressure, and movement)
How Are They Related?
- The principle of complementarity: structure determines function, and function reflects structure.
Levels of Structural Organization
- From atoms to molecules to organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, to the organism.
Necessary Life Functions
- Maintaining boundaries (plasma membrane, skin)
- Movement (skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle)
- Responsiveness (breathing controls, withdraw reflex)
- Digestion (food intake, breakdown, absorption)
- Metabolism (catabolism, anabolism)
- Excretion (carbon dioxide, feces, urine)
- Reproduction (cellular and organism)
- Growth (increase in cell size and number or body parts or organism)
Cells & Organ Systems
- Diagrams illustrating digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, and integumentary systems, and their interactions at the cellular level.
Covers, Supports, or Contracts
- Integumentary System (covers and protects)
- Skeletal System (protects, supports, and enables movement)
- Muscular System (causes movement, maintains posture, produces heat)
Control
- Nervous System: Fast-acting control system, responding to internal and external changes (brain, spinal cord, nerves)
- Endocrine System: Regulates processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism (through hormones secreted by glands like the thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, pineal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, and testes)
Transport
- Cardiovascular System: Transports blood that carries gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances. The heart pumps blood.
- Lymphatic System/Immunity: Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood, disposes of debris, and houses white blood cells involved in immunity.
Maintenance
- Respiratory System: Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
- Digestive System: Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood. Undigested food is eliminated as feces.
- Urinary System: Removes nitrogenous wastes from the body.
Continuity
- Male Reproductive System: Includes penis, testes, scrotum, and ductus deferens
- Female Reproductive System: Includes mammary glands, breasts, ovaries, uterine tubes, and vagina
Anatomical Variability
- Humans vary slightly externally and internally
- 90% of body structures match descriptions, but some nerves, blood vessels, and muscles may be out of place.
Anatomical Position
- Body erect with feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from the body.
- Directional terms are used as if the body is in anatomical position.
Orientation & Directional Terms
- Diagram and tables defining directional and positional terms (superior/inferior, anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, intermediate/proximal/distal, superficial/deep). These are used to describe the relative locations of body parts.
Regional Terms
- Designate specific areas within major body divisions
- Axial part (head, neck, trunk)
- Appendicular part (appendages or limbs)
Anterior/Ventral
- List of anatomical regions on the front of the body.
Posterior/Dorsal
- List of anatomical regions on the back of the body.
Body Planes & Sections
- Median (midsagittal) plane, Frontal (coronal) plane, Transverse plane diagrams.
Body Cavities
- Diagrams of dorsal body cavity (cranial, vertebral cavities) and ventral body cavity (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities, and the abdominopelvic cavity).
Four Abdominopelvic Quadrants
- Diagram of the four quadrants used to locate organs in the abdominal region.
Nine Abdominopelvic Regions
- Diagram of the nine regions used to locate organs in the abdominal and pelvic regions.
Other Body Cavities
- Oral and digestive, nasal, orbital, and middle ear cavities
- Synovial cavities
The Cell Theory
- The cell is the basic unit of life
- All organisms are made of one or more cells
- The activity of an organism depends on individual and collective cell functions
- Cells are dictated by shape and specific subcellular structures
- Cells come from existing cells
Cell Diversity
- Trillions of cells, over 250 types
- Different cell types vary in size, shape, subcellular components, and functions
General Cell Structure
- Diagram of a generalized animal cell, labeling plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, and their component parts.
Plasma Membrane
- Separates intracellular from extracellular environments.
- Plays a dynamic role in cellular activity.
Cytoplasm
- Contains cytosol (water based solution)
- Contains organelles (various structures within a cell)
- Contains Inclusions (various products or substances present in a cell)
Cytoplasmic Organelles
- List of membranous (Mitochondria, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Peroxisomes, Lysosomes) and nonmembranous (Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, Centrioles) organelles
What to Know - Cellular Components (T1 and T2)
- Tables summarizing the structures and functions of cellular components
Cytoskeleton
- Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, and Microtubules
Centrosome & Centrioles
- Function in cell division.
- Structure and function are detailed.
Cellular Extensions
- Cilia, Flagella, Microvilli
The Nucleus
- Genomic DNA, Structure of the nucleus, Chromatin, Nucleoli, uni-, multi-, or anucleated.
Cell Aging
- Wear and tear theory, Mitochondrial theory, Immune system disorders, Genetic theory (telomeres)
Interdependence of Body Cells
- Humans are multicellular. Individual and collective cell function are essential
Tissue - The Living Fabric
- Individual body cells are specialized
- Tissues of similar cells that function together
- Histology: Study of tissues and their organization
Primary Tissue Types
- Nervous Tissue (brain, spinal cord, nerves, internal communication)
- Muscle Tissue (skeletal, cardiac, smooth, movement)
- Epithelial Tissue (forms boundaries, protection, secretion, absorption)
- Connective Tissue (supports, protects, binds)
Nervous Tissue
- Main component of nervous system
- Regulate & control body functions.
- Neurons generate & conduct nerve impulses.
- Neuroglia support, insulate, and protect neurons.
Muscle Tissue
- Highly vascularized, responsible for movement.
- Types of muscle tissue: Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Epithelial Tissue (Epithelium)
- Protects, absorbs, filters, excretes, secretes, and receives sensory input.
- Two main types: Covering and lining epithelia, and glandular epithelia
Characteristics of Epithelium
- Polarity (apical-basal)
- Supported by connective tissues
- Specialized contacts (tight junctions & desmosomes)
- Avascular, but innervated
- Regeneration
Number of Cell Layers
- Classification of simple or stratified epithelia
- Shape classification in the apical layer
Shape of Epithelial Cells
- Shape classification of squamous, cuboidal, and columnar cells
Simple Squamous Epithelium
- Function: Allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration, secretes lubricating substances
- Location: Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, serosae
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
- Function: Secretion and absorption.
- Location: Kidney tubules, ducts of small glands, ovary surface.
Simple Columnar Epithelium
- Function: Absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes, propels mucus
- Location: Nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract, gallbladder, and some regions of the uterus
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
- Function: Secrete substances, particularly mucus, and propulsion of mucus by ciliary action.
- Location: Ciliated variety lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract.
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
- Function: Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion.
- Location: Nonkeratinized type lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina. Keratinized variety forms the epidermis
Transitional Epithelium
- Function: Stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organs
- Location: Lines the ureters, bladder, and part of the urethra.
Glandular Epithelium
- Glands produce and secrete aqueous fluids (secretion).
- Classification of endocrine (ductless, hormones) and exocrine (ducts, nonhormonal substances) glands.
- Modes of secretion: Merocrine, Apocrine, Holocrine.
Unicellular or Multicellular
- Unicellular (goblet cells) and multicellular glands (simple, compound, tubular, alveolar)
Connective Tissues
- Binding and supporting, protecting, insulating, storing reserve fuel, and transporting substances.
- Primary characteristics: Common mesenchyme origin, varying degrees of vascularity, extracellular matrix.
Structure Elements
- Ground substance, fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular), cells (fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteocytes, hemocytoblasts, RBCs, WBCs, platelets)
Cell & CT Types
- Cell types that make up different connective tissues
- Blast cell types vs. mature cell types
Connective Tissue Proper
- Loose connective tissues (Areolar, Adipose, Reticular)
- Dense connective tissues (Dense regular, Dense irregular, Elastic)
Loose CT - Areolar
- Universal packing material between other tissues.
- Supporting and binding, reservoir of fluid, and nutrient storage.
- Rich in fibroblasts and a loose ground substance. Inflamed areas become edematous.
Loose CT - Adipose
- Storage of nutrient, insulation, and protecting organs.
- Rich in adipocytes with sparse matrix.
- Types of fat include white fat and brown fat.
Loose CT - Reticular
- Forms the stroma (internal framework) of organs like lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen.
- Made of reticular fibers and reticular cells.
Dense Regular CT
- Closely packed bundles of collagen fibers.
- White structures with significant resistance to pulling.
- Fibroblasts manufacture fibers and ground substance.
Dense Irregular CT
- Same structural elements but with thicker, irregularly arranged bundles of collagen to resist tensions from many different directions.
Dense CT - Elastic
- More stretchy than dense regular.
- Found in larger arteries, some ligaments, and other locations requiring elasticity.
Cartilage
- Tough yet flexible.
- Contains chondrocytes in lacunae.
- Avascular; receives nourishment from surrounding membrane.
- Types include hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.
Bone
- Osseous tissue that supports and protects, synthesizes blood cells, and stores calcium and fat.
- Calcified matrix, rich in collagen compared to cartilage
- Osteoblasts produce matrix, and osteocytes maintain it.
- Highly vascularized, making the process of repair faster.
Blood
- Most atypical connective tissue (fluid matrix).
- Transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances.
- Contains RBCs (erythrocytes), WBCs (leukocytes), and platelets.
Embryonic Development
- Tissue development during early stages of embryo growth.
Classifications (summary)
- Table summarizing connective tissue types, their subclasses, cells, matrices, and general features.
Covering & Lining Membranes
- Cutaneous, mucous, serous membranes (structures and locations)
Tissue Repair
- Steps in the tissue repair process (diagram is key)
- Inflammation, granulation tissue, and regeneration are involved.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge about the Mastering A&P course, including details about assignments, exams, and course materials. This quiz covers essential topics such as anatomical study and learning styles relevant to the course. Prepare to assess your understanding of the course structure and content.
