Master the Mitral Valve

1. Mitral annulus is a D or elliptical shape and measures 8.5-10 cm in length.
2. Mitral annulus has two important structures: the right and left fibrous trigones.
3. Mitral annulus contracts during atrial systole, which helps with left atrial filling.
4. Mitral valve consists of two leaflets with equal surface area and three scallops.
5. Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae support the leaflets and prevent prolapse.
6. Mitral stenosis can be caused by thickening and fusion of the commissures, leaflets, or chordae.
7. Mitral stenosis is usually asymptomatic until the 3rd or 4th decade of life.
8. Mitral valve area <2 cm2 can lead to LA/LV gradient and elevated LAP.
9. Mitral stenosis is often associated with rheumatic fever or other conditions such as SLE or RA.
10. Mimicking pathologies include LA myxoma, ball-valve thrombus, and obstructive TPVDA.

Test your knowledge on the mitral annulus and valve with this informative quiz. Learn about the structure of the annulus, the functions of the valve, and the potential pathologies that can occur. Test your understanding of key terms such as papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and mitral stenosis. Perfect for medical students or anyone interested in cardiovascular health.