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Questions and Answers
Which unit is commonly used to measure atmospheric pressure at sea level in aviation altimeters and U.S weather reports?
What is the standard measurement of barometric pressure in aviation altimeters and U.S weather reports?
What is the metric unit used to indicate pressure in worldwide weather maps and some non-U.S manufactured aircraft instruments?
What is the average atmospheric pressure at sea level in pounds per square inch (psi)?
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What happens to atmospheric pressure as an aircraft descends?
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What is the density of air governed by?
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Which line in the airfoil or wing section represents the direction of the relative airstream?
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What is the angle between the chord line of the wing and the direction of the relative wind called?
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What is the angle between the chord line of the wing and the longitudinal axis of the aircraft called?
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What is the small force present on each part of an airfoil or wing surface called?
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What is the sum of all the small forces acting on an airfoil or wing surface called?
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How is the resultant force represented?
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Which of the following is the primary focus of the study of aerodynamics?
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What is the major difference between air and water?
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Why is it important for an airframe and power plant mechanic to understand aerodynamics?
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What does the term 'aerodynamics' mean?
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What is atmospheric pressure?
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What is the weight of a column of air extending from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
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Which of the following factors affects the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft?
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What is the difference between speed and velocity?
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What do Newton's laws of motion govern?
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According to Bernoulli's principle, what happens to air speed and pressure when it flows through a constriction?
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What is an airfoil?
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Which factors affect lift and efficiency of an airfoil?
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Which force counteracts the effects of weight?
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What is the point of intersection of the resultant force line with a chord line of the airfoil called?
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What happens to the airfoil when the angle of attack exceeds the critical angle?
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What is the layer of airflow closest to the surface of the aircraft called?
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What are the four forces acting on an aircraft in flight?
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What causes a decrease in lift and an increase in drag on an airfoil?
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Study Notes
Aerodynamics of Flying: Key Forces and Concepts
- The point of intersection of the resultant force line with a chord line of the airfoil is called the center of pressure (CP).
- The CP moves along the airfoil cord as the angle of attack (AOA) changes.
- A properly designed airfoil exhibits an increase in lift as the AOA increases, until it reaches the angle of maximum lift, known as the critical angle.
- At the critical angle, the air begins to flow turbulently over the top surface of the airfoil, causing a decrease in lift and an increase in drag.
- When the AOA exceeds the critical angle, the airfoil stalls, resulting in a loss of lift and excessive drag.
- The distribution of pressure forces over the airfoil varies with the AOA.
- The boundary layer, the layer of airflow closest to the surface of the aircraft, plays a crucial role in minimizing pressure drag and skin friction drag.
- In flight, an aircraft is acted upon by four forces: weight, lift, thrust, and drag.
- Weight is the force of gravity acting downward on the aircraft.
- Lift is the upward force that counteracts the effects of weight.
- Thrust is the forward force produced by the power plant that overcomes drag.
- Drag is the backward deterrent force caused by the disruption of airflow by the wings, fuselage, and protruding objects.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key forces and concepts of aerodynamics in flying. Discover how the center of pressure, angle of attack, and airfoil design affect lift and drag. Explore the roles of weight, lift, thrust, and drag in flight.
