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Master the Basics of Action Potentials

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in synaptic transmission?

Calcium ions flood into the terminal button, vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, action potential depolarizes the membrane

Action potential depolarizes the membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button, vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane (correct)

Vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, action potential depolarizes the membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button

Vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button, action potential depolarizes the membrane

What is the role of synaptotagmin in synaptic transmission?

It acts as a calcium sensor and binds to proteins (SNARES) that cause the vesicle to dock and bind to the presynaptic terminal membrane (correct)

It depolarizes the membrane of a terminal button, causing voltage-gated calcium channels to open

It leads to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium

It triggers the fusion of vesicles containing neurotransmitters with the presynaptic membrane

What happens when an action potential travels down an axon to the terminal buttons?

The membrane of a terminal button depolarizes, voltage-gated calcium channels open (correct)

Calcium ions flood into the terminal button, leading to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium

Vesicles containing neurotransmitters fuse with the presynaptic membrane

Synaptotagmin binds to proteins (SNARES) that cause the vesicle to dock and bind to the presynaptic terminal membrane

What is the function of calcium ions in synaptic transmission?

They flood into the terminal button, leading to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic terminal membrane?

Regulated exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which protein identifies the vesicular membrane for recycling after neurotransmitter release?

Clathrin Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins play a key role in synaptic transmission by being found on both the vesicle and nerve terminal membrane?

SNARE proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin disrupts SNARE proteins and causes spastic paralysis?

Clostridium tetani Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin prevents the release of excitatory neurotransmitter and causes flaccid paralysis?

Clostridium botulinum Signup and view all the answers

Where are V-SNARES and T-SNARES found, respectively?

V-SNARES on the vesicle membrane and T-SNARES on the nerve terminal membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptors can be found in the postsynaptic membrane?

Receptors that are part of both an ion channel and a G-protein coupled system Signup and view all the answers

What can the binding of neurotransmitter to receptors in the postsynaptic membrane lead to?

Both depolarization and hyperpolarization Signup and view all the answers

What can an increase in membrane conductance to sodium ions result in?

Depolarization Signup and view all the answers