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Master the Basics of Action Potentials
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Master the Basics of Action Potentials

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in synaptic transmission?

  • Calcium ions flood into the terminal button, vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, action potential depolarizes the membrane
  • Action potential depolarizes the membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button, vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane (correct)
  • Vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, action potential depolarizes the membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button
  • Vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane, calcium ions flood into the terminal button, action potential depolarizes the membrane

    • What is the role of synaptotagmin in synaptic transmission?

  • It acts as a calcium sensor and binds to proteins (SNARES) that cause the vesicle to dock and bind to the presynaptic terminal membrane (correct)
  • It depolarizes the membrane of a terminal button, causing voltage-gated calcium channels to open
  • It leads to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium
  • It triggers the fusion of vesicles containing neurotransmitters with the presynaptic membrane

    • What happens when an action potential travels down an axon to the terminal buttons?

  • The membrane of a terminal button depolarizes, voltage-gated calcium channels open (correct)
  • Calcium ions flood into the terminal button, leading to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium
  • Vesicles containing neurotransmitters fuse with the presynaptic membrane
  • Synaptotagmin binds to proteins (SNARES) that cause the vesicle to dock and bind to the presynaptic terminal membrane

    • What is the function of calcium ions in synaptic transmission?

    <p>They flood into the terminal button, leading to an increase in intracellular ionized calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic terminal membrane?

    <p>Regulated exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein identifies the vesicular membrane for recycling after neurotransmitter release?

    <p>Clathrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins play a key role in synaptic transmission by being found on both the vesicle and nerve terminal membrane?

    <p>SNARE proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin disrupts SNARE proteins and causes spastic paralysis?

    <p>Clostridium tetani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin prevents the release of excitatory neurotransmitter and causes flaccid paralysis?

    <p>Clostridium botulinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are V-SNARES and T-SNARES found, respectively?

    <p>V-SNARES on the vesicle membrane and T-SNARES on the nerve terminal membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors can be found in the postsynaptic membrane?

    <p>Receptors that are part of both an ion channel and a G-protein coupled system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the binding of neurotransmitter to receptors in the postsynaptic membrane lead to?

    <p>Both depolarization and hyperpolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can an increase in membrane conductance to sodium ions result in?

    <p>Depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

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