Master the Art of Drug Administration and Injection Techniques

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Which of the following factors determines the addictiveness of a drug, according to the text?

The level of reward system stimulation (correct)

The rate of entry into the bloodstream

The peak blood concentration of the drug

The rate of clearance from the body

According to the text, which of the following drugs stimulates the reward system the most?

Methamphetamines (correct)

Opiates

Caffeine

Cocaine

Why is a faster rate of onset of a drug considered more addictive, according to the text?

It decreases the level of reward system stimulation

It causes a higher peak blood concentration of the drug

It increases the rate of clearance from the body

It leads to a stronger association between the drug and feeling better (correct)

Which of the following is NOT an example of an opiate?

Hydrocodone Signup and view all the answers

What is the potency of fentanyl compared to morphine?

100 to 150 times Signup and view all the answers

What document precipitated the pendulum swing towards the 'over-treatment' phase of pain in the early 2000s?

The 5th Vital Sign Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Oxycontin 1.0?

To reduce the frequency of pill intake Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is responsible for the steep rise in opioid deaths starting around 2013?

Fentanyl Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why Fentanyl is attractive to drug cartels?

Its small size Signup and view all the answers

Which company developed Oxycontin v2.0, which was more 'abuse-proof' than the original version?

Purdue Pharma Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is the fastest way to get a drug into the blood?

Intravenous (IV) Injection Signup and view all the answers

Which method of administration of cocaine has a slope of onset that is just as steep as the intravenous method, but only initially?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose-response curve?

A graph of the magnitude of an effect by the amount of drug you take. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the therapeutic index (TI)?

TI = LD50 / ED50 Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of tolerance?

A decrease in the effectiveness of a drug that is administered repeatedly. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between dopamine receptors and heroin addiction?

Dopamine receptors are resorbed in response to heroin addiction, leading to decreased sensitivity to dopamine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between early addiction and late addiction?

Early addiction is motivated by reward, while late addiction is motivated by aversion to withdrawal symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes sensitization in relation to drug administration?

Sensitization is an increase in the effectiveness of a drug that is administered repeatedly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of autoreceptors in synaptic transmission?

Autoreceptors monitor the amount of neurotransmitters present in the synaptic cleft. Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration allows a drug to bypass the stomach and enter the bloodstream directly, without having to be metabolized by the digestive system?

Sublingual administration Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is commonly used for asthma patients to alleviate symptoms by dilating the bronchiole tubes?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration involves the administration of a drug into the rectum and is commonly used when an individual is not capable of swallowing a drug or is vomiting?

Intrarectal administration Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is the most specific for delivering a drug into a particular part of the brain and is only used for animal research purposes due to its invasive nature?

Intracerebral administration Signup and view all the answers