201 Clinical Localization in Neurology
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Questions and Answers

Which one of the following is a symptom of optic neuropathy caused by ethambutol?

  • Retinal nerve bundle
  • Central Scotomata
  • Altitudinal field loss
  • Arcuate Scotomata (correct)

    • Which one of the following is a symptom of glaucoma?

  • Central Scotomata
  • Arcuate Scotomata
  • Altitudinal field loss (correct)
  • Retinal nerve bundle

    • Which one of the following is a symptom of optic neuritis?

  • Retinal nerve bundle
  • Altitudinal field loss
  • Arcuate Scotomata
  • Central Scotomata (correct)

    • Which one of the following is a symptom of ischaemic optic neuropathy?

    <p>Altitudinal field loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of optic disc drusen?

    <p>Retinal nerve bundle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of motor limb deficit?

    <p>Wasting / Fasciculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of gait and posture deficit?

    <p>Ataxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of speech deficit?

    <p>Dysphonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of autonomic deficit?

    <p>Pupil abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a symptom of sensory deficit?

    <p>Paraesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible pathology for sudden symptom onset with improvement?

    <p>Vascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following domains of deficit may be affected in a patient with high-stepping gait and shuffling?

    <p>Motor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible pathology for symptom onset overnight?

    <p>Vascular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following may be a modifying factor in the clinical presentation of a patient with dysarthria?

    <p>Loss of dexterity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sensory deficits may be present in a patient with altered pain perception?

    <p>Allodynia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vision disturbances may be seen in a patient with scotomata?

    <p>Hemianopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible pathology for symptom onset in minutes?

    <p>Migraine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following autonomic symptoms may be present in a patient with motor and sensory deficits?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sensory deficits may be present in a patient with superficial sensory loss?

    <p>Numbness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible pathology for symptom onset in years?

    <p>Benign neoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of cauda equina syndrome?

    <p>Loss of ankle reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of peripheral neuropathy?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of lower motor neuron disease?

    <p>Fasciculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of spinal cord compression?

    <p>Breast cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of high cervical cord compression?

    <p>Quadriplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of median and ulnar nerve lesions?

    <p>Sensory splitting of fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of optic neuritis?

    <p>Scotomata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of ophthalmoplegia?

    <p>Myopathies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of cerebellar dysfunction?

    <p>Ataxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of sensory neuropathy?

    <p>Alcoholism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Neurological Symptoms and Pathologies

    • Blurred vision and loss of color vision are symptoms of optic neuropathy caused by ethambutol.
    • Eye pain and vision loss are symptoms of glaucoma.
    • Painful vision loss, especially in one eye, is a symptom of optic neuritis.
    • Sudden vision loss in one eye, especially in older people, is a symptom of ischaemic optic neuropathy.
    • Blurred vision, often in both eyes, is a symptom of optic disc drusen.
    • Weakness or paralysis of muscles is a symptom of motor limb deficit.
    • Difficulty with balance and coordination is a symptom of gait and posture deficit.
    • Slurred speech or difficulty speaking is a symptom of speech deficit.
    • Difficulty controlling bodily functions, such as heart rate and blood pressure, is a symptom of autonomic deficit.
    • Numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation is a symptom of sensory deficit.

    Pathologies and Deficits

    • Inflammation or demyelination of the optic nerve can cause sudden symptom onset with improvement.
    • High-stepping gait and shuffling are characteristic of spinal cord compression affecting the corticospinal tract.
    • Overnight symptom onset can be caused by ischaemic optic neuropathy or spinal cord compression.
    • Age can be a modifying factor in the clinical presentation of dysarthria.
    • Altered pain perception can be a symptom of spinal cord injury or peripheral neuropathy.
    • Scotomata, or blind spots, can be a symptom of optic neuritis or other vision disturbances.
    • Symptom onset in minutes can be caused by a transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
    • Orthostatic hypotension can be present in patients with autonomic dysfunction and motor and sensory deficits.
    • Superficial sensory loss can be a symptom of peripheral neuropathy.
    • Symptom onset in years can be caused by chronic conditions such as diabetic neuropathy.
    • Bladder or bowel dysfunction can be a symptom of cauda equina syndrome.
    • Diabetes, HIV, and vitamin deficiencies can cause peripheral neuropathy.
    • Weakness or paralysis of muscles can be a symptom of lower motor neuron disease.
    • Herniated discs or tumors can cause spinal cord compression.
    • High cervical cord compression can cause respiratory failure or quadriplegia.
    • Median and ulnar nerve lesions can cause numbness or weakness in the hand or arm.
    • Ophthalmoplegia can be caused by mitochondrial myopathies or other muscle disorders.
    • Ataxia, or difficulty with coordination and balance, can be a symptom of cerebellar dysfunction.
    • Vitamin deficiencies or certain medications can cause sensory neuropathy.

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    Clinical Localization in Neurology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of clinical localization in neurology with this quiz. Learn about the diagnostic process, possible pathology, anatomy, and other clues to pathology. Perfect for medical students and neurology enthusiasts.

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