Massage Techniques: Effleurage, Petrissage, Tapotement
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Massage Techniques: Effleurage, Petrissage, Tapotement

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Questions and Answers

What are the two general effects on massage techniques?

  • physiological (correct)
  • emotional
  • spiritual
  • mechanical (correct)
  • What are some mechanical results from physical therapy?

    compression, tension (stretch), shearing, bending, twisting, connective tissue pliability, increase joint mobility/flexibility, muscle relaxation, trigger point relief

    What are the physiological effects of massage?

    improve sleep patterns, improve venous & lymphatic return, increase body awareness, increase tissue fatigue threshold, increase superficial circulation, neuro-gating of pain, stimulation of sensory receptors in the skin

    What is the objective of palpation?

    <p>identify impairments, structures, temperature &amp; phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List some indications for massage.

    <p>adhesion/scarring, abnormal muscle resting tension, swelling, edema, joint effusion, lymphedema, impaired connective tissue integrity, impaired joint integrity, impaired muscle integrity, impaired muscle performance, impaired joint mobility, impaired sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some contraindications for massage?

    <p>acute inflammation, fever/infection, open wounds/broken skin, hemophilia, sepsis, undiagnosed lump, area of altered sensation, acute neuritis, local skin irritation, intoxicated, history of aneurysms, phlebitis/thrombophlebitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some precautions for massage?

    <p>fractures (can cause fat embolism), acute disc herniation, recent abortion/vaginal birth, osteoporosis, CHF, psychiatric issues, spasticity/rigidity, prone to contusions, rheumatoid arthritis, pitting edema (unless specifically treated)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the endangerment sites for massage?

    <p>armpit, groin, umbilical, back of knees, kidney, cubital (elbow) front &amp; back, neck, eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is effleurage?

    <p>superficial gliding technique performed with light pressure in the direction of vascular/lymphatic flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some uses of effleurage?

    <p>to increase venous &amp; lymphatic return, start massage, provide a break in between deep tissue and aggressive massage, desensitize hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical outcomes can be expected from massage?

    <p>increased circulation (venous &amp; lymph return), sedation, reduced perception of pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are examples of effleurage techniques?

    <p>sliding (3 types: palm, finger, forearm), shingling, knuckling, bilateral tree stroke, three count stroke, horizontal hybrid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is petrissage?

    <p>movement that lifts, wrings, or squeezes soft tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What three motions occur during petrissage?

    <p>kneading, pressing or rolling motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are examples of petrissage techniques?

    <p>circular, alternate finger to thumb, two-hand kneading, one-hand kneading, alternate kneading, skin rolling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can extensive deep petrissage produce?

    <p>mild local soreness during 24-48 hour period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help to decrease soreness after massage?

    <p>warm bath, moist heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Should you use oil/cream for petrissage?

    <p>use little as you can - avoid pinching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical outcomes related to the neuromuscular system following massage?

    <p>tone, spasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical outcomes related to the musculoskeletal system after massage?

    <p>muscle resting tension, range of motion (ROM), tissue extensibility, relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tapotement?

    <p>consists of brisk percussive movements in a rapid, rhythmic fashion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of tapotement techniques?

    <p>hacking, cupping, quacking, pincement, tapping, rapping, vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical indications for using tapotement?

    <p>prior to therapy exercises, prior to sporting performance, rib cage rhythmic mobilization, postural drainage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some contraindications or cautions for massage?

    <p>rib fracture, untreated tension pneumothorax, coronary thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, unstable cardiac conditions, facial spasms, spasm after chest or spine surgery, hemorrhage prone, hypersensitivity, during acute asthma episode, post-exercise cramping, over kidneys, local subacute injury, over bony prominences, around the floating ribs, history of abuse, trigger points, osteopenia patients, local acute injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should you perform effleurage?

    <p>5-50 cm/second, 2+ minutes, warm up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should you perform petrissage?

    <p>1-3 seconds of cycle compression, 10-20+ seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should you perform tapotement?

    <p>30 seconds - 20 minutes, stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    General Effects of Massage Techniques

    • Massage techniques have two primary effects: physiological and mechanical.

    Mechanical Results of Petrissage

    • Involves physically moving tissue through methods like:
      • Compression
      • Tension (stretch)
      • Shearing, bending, and twisting
    • Aims to improve connective tissue pliability and joint mobility.
    • Provides muscle relaxation and relief from trigger points.

    Physiological Effects of Massage

    • Can improve sleep patterns, particularly in chronic pain sufferers.
    • Enhances venous and lymphatic return.
    • Increases body awareness and tissue fatigue threshold.
    • Boosts superficial circulation and neuro-gating of pain.
    • Stimulates sensory receptors in the skin.

    Objective of Palpation

    • Used to identify impairments, structures, temperature, and phenomena in the body.

    Indications for Massage

    • Conditions suitable for massage include:
      • Adhesion/scarring and abnormal muscle resting tension.
      • Swelling, edema, joint effusion, and lymphedema.
      • Impaired connective tissue, joint, and muscle integrity.

    Contraindications for Massage

    • Situations where massage is not recommended include:
      • Acute inflammation, fever, or infection.
      • Open wounds, broken skin, and hemophilia.
      • Areas of altered sensation and acute neuritis.

    Precautions for Massage

    • Cautions include:
      • History of fractures, acute disc herniation, and osteoporosis.
      • Congestive heart failure (CHF) and psychiatric conditions.
      • Patients at risk of contusions, rheumatoid arthritis, and pitting edema.

    Endangerment Sites for Massage

    • Areas to be cautious around include:
      • Armpit, groin, umbilical, back of knees, and kidneys.
      • Elbows (cubital region) and neck, as well as around the eyes.

    Effleurage Technique

    • Defined as a superficial gliding technique performed with light pressure in the direction of vascular and lymphatic flow.

    Uses of Effleurage

    • Primarily used to:
      • Increase venous and lymphatic return.
      • Initiate massage or provide breaks during aggressive techniques.
      • Desensitize hypersensitive areas.

    Clinical Outcomes of Effleurage

    • Benefits include:
      • Increased circulation, sedation, and reduced perception of pain.

    Examples of Effleurage

    • Techniques include:
      • Sliding variations (palm, finger, forearm), shingling, knuckling.
      • Bilateral tree stroke and three count stroke, as well as horizontal hybrid.

    Petrissage Technique

    • Involves movements that lift, wring, or squeeze soft tissue.

    Motions in Petrissage

    • Encompasses kneading, pressing, and rolling motions for effective treatment.

    Examples of Petrissage

    • Techniques include:
      • Circular motions, alternate finger-to-thumb actions, and two-handed kneading.

    Post-Petrissage Soreness

    • Extensive deep petrissage may result in mild local soreness lasting 24-48 hours.

    Mitigating Soreness

    • A warm bath or moist heat can help alleviate soreness post-treatment.

    Oil/Cream Use in Petrissage

    • Use minimal oil or cream to avoid pinching the skin.

    Clinical Outcomes - Neuromuscular

    • Petrissage can positively affect tone and spasticity.

    Clinical Outcomes - Musculoskeletal

    • Affects muscle resting tension, range of motion (ROM), tissue extensibility, and relaxation.

    Tapotement Technique

    • Characterized by brisk percussive movements performed in a rapid and rhythmic manner for a stimulating effect.

    Examples of Tapotement

    • Techniques include hacking, cupping, quacking, pincement, tapping, rapping, and vibration.

    Clinical Indications for Tapotement

    • Applied before therapeutic exercises and athletic performances, as well as for rib cage mobilization and postural drainage.

    Contraindications and Cautions for Tapotement

    • Situations include:
      • Rib fractures, untreated tension pneumothorax, unstable cardiac conditions.
      • History of abuse or hypersensitivity and after chest or spine surgery.

    Duration of Techniques

    • Effleurage: 5-50 cm/second for at least 2 minutes to warm up.
    • Petrissage: 1-3 seconds for cycle compression, lasting 10-20 seconds or more.
    • Tapotement: From 30 seconds to 20 minutes for stimulation.

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    Description

    Explore the essential concepts and effects of massage techniques such as effleurage, petrissage, and tapotement through these flashcards. Understand both physiological and mechanical impacts on the body, including muscle relaxation and joint flexibility.

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