Questions and Answers
What are the two general effects on massage techniques?
What are some mechanical results from physical therapy?
compression, tension (stretch), shearing, bending, twisting, connective tissue pliability, increase joint mobility/flexibility, muscle relaxation, trigger point relief
What are the physiological effects of massage?
improve sleep patterns, improve venous & lymphatic return, increase body awareness, increase tissue fatigue threshold, increase superficial circulation, neuro-gating of pain, stimulation of sensory receptors in the skin
What is the objective of palpation?
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List some indications for massage.
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What are some contraindications for massage?
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What are some precautions for massage?
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What are the endangerment sites for massage?
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What is effleurage?
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What are some uses of effleurage?
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What clinical outcomes can be expected from massage?
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What are examples of effleurage techniques?
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What is petrissage?
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What three motions occur during petrissage?
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What are examples of petrissage techniques?
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What can extensive deep petrissage produce?
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What can help to decrease soreness after massage?
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Should you use oil/cream for petrissage?
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What are the clinical outcomes related to the neuromuscular system following massage?
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What are the clinical outcomes related to the musculoskeletal system after massage?
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What is tapotement?
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What are some examples of tapotement techniques?
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What are the clinical indications for using tapotement?
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What are some contraindications or cautions for massage?
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How long should you perform effleurage?
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How long should you perform petrissage?
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How long should you perform tapotement?
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Study Notes
General Effects of Massage Techniques
- Massage techniques have two primary effects: physiological and mechanical.
Mechanical Results of Petrissage
- Involves physically moving tissue through methods like:
- Compression
- Tension (stretch)
- Shearing, bending, and twisting
- Aims to improve connective tissue pliability and joint mobility.
- Provides muscle relaxation and relief from trigger points.
Physiological Effects of Massage
- Can improve sleep patterns, particularly in chronic pain sufferers.
- Enhances venous and lymphatic return.
- Increases body awareness and tissue fatigue threshold.
- Boosts superficial circulation and neuro-gating of pain.
- Stimulates sensory receptors in the skin.
Objective of Palpation
- Used to identify impairments, structures, temperature, and phenomena in the body.
Indications for Massage
- Conditions suitable for massage include:
- Adhesion/scarring and abnormal muscle resting tension.
- Swelling, edema, joint effusion, and lymphedema.
- Impaired connective tissue, joint, and muscle integrity.
Contraindications for Massage
- Situations where massage is not recommended include:
- Acute inflammation, fever, or infection.
- Open wounds, broken skin, and hemophilia.
- Areas of altered sensation and acute neuritis.
Precautions for Massage
- Cautions include:
- History of fractures, acute disc herniation, and osteoporosis.
- Congestive heart failure (CHF) and psychiatric conditions.
- Patients at risk of contusions, rheumatoid arthritis, and pitting edema.
Endangerment Sites for Massage
- Areas to be cautious around include:
- Armpit, groin, umbilical, back of knees, and kidneys.
- Elbows (cubital region) and neck, as well as around the eyes.
Effleurage Technique
- Defined as a superficial gliding technique performed with light pressure in the direction of vascular and lymphatic flow.
Uses of Effleurage
- Primarily used to:
- Increase venous and lymphatic return.
- Initiate massage or provide breaks during aggressive techniques.
- Desensitize hypersensitive areas.
Clinical Outcomes of Effleurage
- Benefits include:
- Increased circulation, sedation, and reduced perception of pain.
Examples of Effleurage
- Techniques include:
- Sliding variations (palm, finger, forearm), shingling, knuckling.
- Bilateral tree stroke and three count stroke, as well as horizontal hybrid.
Petrissage Technique
- Involves movements that lift, wring, or squeeze soft tissue.
Motions in Petrissage
- Encompasses kneading, pressing, and rolling motions for effective treatment.
Examples of Petrissage
- Techniques include:
- Circular motions, alternate finger-to-thumb actions, and two-handed kneading.
Post-Petrissage Soreness
- Extensive deep petrissage may result in mild local soreness lasting 24-48 hours.
Mitigating Soreness
- A warm bath or moist heat can help alleviate soreness post-treatment.
Oil/Cream Use in Petrissage
- Use minimal oil or cream to avoid pinching the skin.
Clinical Outcomes - Neuromuscular
- Petrissage can positively affect tone and spasticity.
Clinical Outcomes - Musculoskeletal
- Affects muscle resting tension, range of motion (ROM), tissue extensibility, and relaxation.
Tapotement Technique
- Characterized by brisk percussive movements performed in a rapid and rhythmic manner for a stimulating effect.
Examples of Tapotement
- Techniques include hacking, cupping, quacking, pincement, tapping, rapping, and vibration.
Clinical Indications for Tapotement
- Applied before therapeutic exercises and athletic performances, as well as for rib cage mobilization and postural drainage.
Contraindications and Cautions for Tapotement
- Situations include:
- Rib fractures, untreated tension pneumothorax, unstable cardiac conditions.
- History of abuse or hypersensitivity and after chest or spine surgery.
Duration of Techniques
- Effleurage: 5-50 cm/second for at least 2 minutes to warm up.
- Petrissage: 1-3 seconds for cycle compression, lasting 10-20 seconds or more.
- Tapotement: From 30 seconds to 20 minutes for stimulation.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts and effects of massage techniques such as effleurage, petrissage, and tapotement through these flashcards. Understand both physiological and mechanical impacts on the body, including muscle relaxation and joint flexibility.