Mass Media History
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During the Middle Ages, what entity primarily dictated what was considered truth?

  • The Church (correct)
  • Universities
  • Monarchs
  • Scientific academies

How long have different forms of mass media been in existence?

  • Since the invention of the printing press
  • Since the proliferation of the internet
  • For several centuries (correct)
  • Since the Renaissance

In what way does mass media influence contemporary society?

  • Primarily shapes the stock market
  • Determines accessible news and pop culture trends (correct)
  • Regulates international trade agreements
  • Dictates governmental policies

What was the primary cause of decreased audiences for traditional media like radio, cinema, and live theater?

<p>The growing popularity of television (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the large-scale narratives that attempt to explain the totality of human experience, characteristic of the modern era, called?

<p>Grand narratives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of culture?

<p>Historically transmitted knowledge and attitudes expressed in symbolic form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical skill is essential for being media literate?

<p>Identifying bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to postmodernists, who or what primarily injects meaning into a work?

<p>The reader's interpretation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Through what channels does cultural imperialism primarily occur?

<p>Television, movies and cultural projects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which previously distinct technologies begin to share tasks and resources?

<p>Technological convergence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is there a consensus regarding an individual's right to privacy and internet usage?

<p>No, many unresolved issues persist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary way advertisers strategically use data collected from online activities?

<p>To create highly targeted advertisements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Communications Decency Act (CDA) passed?

<p>To regulate online pornography (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which creative works are generally protected by copyright law?

<p>Literary and artistic works (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical process by which creative works enter the public domain?

<p>Copyright expiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do some national news channels attract a specific audience segment?

<p>By offering news aligned with the audience's political views (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main effect of the USA Patriot Act on government authority?

<p>Increased access to personal records (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Privacy Act primarily protect?

<p>Records retrievable by personal identifiers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action must media outlets avoid to prevent legal repercussions?

<p>Defamation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which U.S. president initiated the Bureau of Corporations to oversee large American businesses?

<p>Theodore Roosevelt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How sure are publishers about the ideal number of copies to produce in a new book's print run?

<p>Uncertain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the twentieth century, which genre experienced a surge in interest?

<p>True crime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the printing of books only when they are ordered?

<p>Print-on-demand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do all authors receive the same royalty rates?

<p>No, royalty rates vary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sector of the economy experienced growth during the COVID-19 pandemic?

<p>Books (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was an innovation of the paperback revolution?

<p>Selling at non-traditional locations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might an author seek in a publisher, if they want to avoid 'blockbuster syndrome'?

<p>Greater control over the book (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oldest digital library, founded by Michael Hart in 1971?

<p>Project Gutenberg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are more books sold in the U.S. in paperback or another format?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is often a feature of the trade paperback, compared to the mass market paperback?

<p>Same pagination as the hardcover (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of articles in 'The Wall Street Journal'?

<p>Business and finance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key critique of objective journalism?

<p>Truly objective writing is impossible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do newspapers influence the public's access to information?

<p>Story selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant obstacle to newspapers' early popularity in seventeenth-century Europe?

<p>Fear of persecution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the major outcome of the Zenger trial in New York?

<p>Honest criticism was protected (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who helped advance a discussion about the role of a free press?

<p>John Milton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A story about how a factory is leaking pollutants into the local water supply, which suggests that people boycott its products, is an example of which type of journalism?

<p>advocacy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

USA Today developed its visual style to compete with?

<p>Television (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which newspaper did Rupert Murdoch purchase in 2007?

<p>The Wall Street Journal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tactics are journalists ethically prohibited from using?

<p>plagiarism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country published the first true magazine?

<p>Britain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Middle Ages Truth Source

In the Middle Ages, the Church held significant authority and influence, and it was the primary source of truth and knowledge.

Mass Media Timeline

Mass media, in various forms, has existed for centuries, evolving alongside technological advancements and societal changes.

Impact of Mass Media

Mass media significantly shapes popular culture, influences the news stories people access, impacts the popularity of books, and affects the financial success of movies.

Rise of Television

The growing popularity of television led to reduced audiences for radio, cinema, and live theater.

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Grand Narratives

Grand narratives are large-scale narratives that seek to provide a comprehensive explanation of the human experience.

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Definition of Culture

(Culture is historically transmitted knowledge and attitudes toward life expressed in symbolic form.

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Media Literacy Skill

An important part of being media literate is the ability to identify bias in media content.

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Postmodern Meaning

Postmodernists believe meaning is attributed to a work by its reader, not the author.

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How Cultural Imperialism Occurs

Cultural imperialism is the imposition of one culture on another, facilitated through television, movies, cultural projects, and formal policies.

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Technology Convergence

Convergence is the process by which distinct technologies integrate and share tasks and resources.

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Online Privacy Issues

There are many unresolved issues regarding a person’s right to privacy and the use of the internet.

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Targeted Advertising

Advertisers use data collected about online activities to create very targeted ads.

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Purpose of CDA

The Communications Decency Act (CDA) was passed to regulate pornography online.

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Copyright Applications

Copyright law can be applied to books, movies, artwork, and magazine articles.

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How Works Enter Public Domain

Most works enter the public domain when their copyright expires.

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Impact of USA Patriot Act

The USA Patriot Act expanded the power of the federal government to access personal records.

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Privacy Act Protection

The Privacy Act protects records that can be retrieved by personal identifiers.

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Media Defamation Risk

Media outlets must be wary of committing acts of defamation.

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Bureau of Corporations Creator

Theodore Roosevelt created the Bureau of Corporations to investigate the practices of increasingly larger American businesses.

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Book Print Run Certainty

Publishers are uncertain of the exact number of books to produce in the print run of a new book.

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Print-on-Demand

Printing a book only when it has been ordered is referred to as print-on-demand.

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Author Royalty Variance

Authors receive varying amounts of royalties.

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Books During COVID-19

The book industry thrived during COVID-19.

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Paperback Revolution

The paperback revolution introduced large print runs, quality literature in paperback, selling books in nontraditional locations and cheap access to literature.

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First Digital Library

Project Gutenberg is the oldest digital library, founded by Michael Hart in 1971.

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Most Popular Book Format

More books in the U.S. are sold in the paperback format than any other format.

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Wall Street Journal Focus

The Wall Street Journal focuses on articles about business and finance.

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Critique of Objectivity

A critique of objective journalism is that truly objective writing is impossible.

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Newspaper Information Control

Newspapers control the public’s access to information by determining which stories are important enough to get published.

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Early Newspaper Obstacle

Newspapers became popular in early seventeenth-century Europe despite fear of persecution.

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Zenger Trial Impact

A major outcome of the Zenger trial in New York was that newspapers could print honest criticism of the government.

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Free Press Advocate

John Milton helped advance a discussion about the role of a free press.

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Advocacy Journalism

A story about a factory polluting water, which is an implicit suggestion for people to boycott it, is an example of advocacy journalism.

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USA Today's style

USA Today developed a more visual style of journalism, using more pictures and shorter stories, in order to compete with television.

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WSJ's Buyer

Rupert Murdoch purchased The Wall Street Journal in 2007.

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Journalistic Ethics

Journalists are prohibited from using fabrication and plagiarism.

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First Magazine Origin

The first true magazine was published in Britain.

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Marriage Column

“Can this Marriage Be Saved?” is a feature of Ladies’ Home Journal.

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Newsweek and Times Content

Time and Newsweek experienced major content changes in the late twentieth century.

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COVID-19 hobbies

Hobby and special-interest magazines soared in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Study Notes

Chapter 1

  • In the Middle Ages, the church dictated truth.
  • Mass media has existed since the Industrial Revolution.
  • Mass media often determines the pop culture scene, the news stories people have access to, which books are popular, and what movies make the most money.
  • Lower audiences resulted for radio, cinema, and live theater from the growing popularity of television.
  • The modern era was marked by grand narratives that attempted to explain the totality of the human experience.
  • Culture is historically transmitted knowledge and attitudes toward life expressed in symbolic form.
  • An important part of being media literate is being able to identify bias.
  • For the postmodernists, the reader injected meaning into a work.
  • Cultural imperialism happens through formal policies, television, movies, and cultural projects.
  • The process by which previously distinct technologies come to share tasks and resources is called convergence.

Chapter 13

  • There are still many unresolved issues regarding a person’s right to privacy and the use of the internet.
  • Advertisers use data collected about online activities to create very targeted ads.
  • The Communications Decency Act (CDA) was passed to regulate pornography online.
  • Copyright law can be applied to books, movies, artwork, and magazine articles.
  • Most works end up in the public domain when the copyright expires.
  • Many national news channels attract a certain audience by giving them news with the political orientation that the audience agrees with.
  • The USA Patriot Act expanded the power of the federal government to access personal records.
  • The Privacy Act protects records that can be retrieved by personal identifiers.
  • Media outlets must be wary of committing acts of defamation.
  • Theodore Roosevelt created the Bureau of Corporations to investigate the practices of increasingly larger American businesses.

Chapter 3

  • Publishers are not always very sure of how many books to produce in a print run of a new book.
  • As the twentieth century progressed, there was an emerging interest in true crime.
  • Printing a book only when it has been ordered is referred to as print-on-demand.
  • All authors do not receive more or less the same amount of royalties.
  • The book industry thrived during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The paperback revolution innovations include large print runs, publishing quality literature in paperback, selling books in nontraditional locations, and cheap access to literature.
  • An author who does not want to be part of blockbuster syndrome might look for a publisher that offers greater control over what happens to the book.
  • The oldest digital library, founded by Michael Hart in 1971, is Project Gutenberg.
  • More books in the U.S. are sold in the paperback format than other formats.
  • A distinctive feature of the trade paperback, compared to the mass market paperback, is the same pagination as the hardcover.

Chapter 4

  • The Wall Street Journal focuses on articles about business and finance.
  • One of the critiques of objective journalism is that truly objective writing is impossible.
  • Newspapers control the public’s access to information by determining which stories are important enough to get published.
  • Newspapers became popular in early seventeenth-century Europe despite fear of persecution.
  • A major outcome of the Zenger trial in New York was that newspapers could print honest criticism of the government.
  • John Milton helped advance a discussion about the role of a free press.
  • A story about how a factory is leaking pollutants into the local water supply, which suggests that people boycott its products, is an example of advocacy journalism.
  • USA Today developed a more visual style of journalism, using more pictures and shorter stories, in order to compete with television.
  • Rupert Murdoch purchased The Wall Street Journal in 2007.
  • Journalists are prohibited from using fabrication and plagiarism.

Chapter 5

  • The first true magazine was published in Britain.
  • Early twentieth century entertainment magazines focused on the film industry.
  • Magazine articles on subjects of great interest often have about 2,000 words.
  • Religious magazines include publications for Jews and Buddhists.
  • “Can this Marriage Be Saved?” is a feature of Ladies’ Home Journal.
  • Time and Newsweek experienced major changes in their content in the late twentieth century.
  • Hobby and special-interest magazines soared in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Benjamin Franklin’s General Magazine of 1741 was not a great success.
  • Sports Illustrated’s Swimsuit Edition was started in order to increase sales during the winter.
  • In the colonial era in America, typical magazines were considered short-lived.

Chapter 6

  • The term for the urban culture that includes break dancing, graffiti art, and techniques of rapping, sampling, and scratching records is hip-hop.
  • Some actions of large record companies fueled racism.
  • Billie Eilish was signed by no record labels.
  • The popularity of digital music drastically decreased revenue brought in from CD sales since 2001.
  • The Copyright Act of 1911 protected composers and authors.
  • A vanity label type reflects the personal musical tastes of the high-profile artist.
  • Independent record labels focused on neglected areas of the music industry, such as folk, rural blues, and gospel.
  • Each major record label has a strong infrastructure that oversees every aspect of the music business including production, manufacturing and distribution, marketing, and promotion.
  • Music may influence cultural perceptions about race, morality, and gender.
  • Make-ups are not allowed if you miss the midterm exam. The midterm exam for this class must be completed by 11:59 p.m. Friday, Feb. 28.

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Overview of the historical development of mass media from the Middle Ages to the modern era. Covers the influence of mass media on culture, technology, and society. Discusses cultural imperialism, convergence and the importance of being media literate.

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