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Questions and Answers
What is considered the root of class antagonism and exploitation in communism?
What is considered the root of class antagonism and exploitation in communism?
- National identity
- Bourgeois private property (correct)
- Labor relations
- Cultural traditions
Communism supports the preservation of bourgeois family structures.
Communism supports the preservation of bourgeois family structures.
False (B)
What do Marx and Engels assert about bourgeois ideology?
What do Marx and Engels assert about bourgeois ideology?
It perpetuates an exploitative system.
___ socialism critiques the aristocracy's attempts to exploit the grievances of the proletariat.
___ socialism critiques the aristocracy's attempts to exploit the grievances of the proletariat.
Which form of socialism advocates for minor reforms to maintain bourgeois dominance?
Which form of socialism advocates for minor reforms to maintain bourgeois dominance?
What is the core tenet of Marxist theory as introduced in the Communist Manifesto?
What is the core tenet of Marxist theory as introduced in the Communist Manifesto?
Critical-Utopian Socialism and Communism fully embrace idealistic principles without critique.
Critical-Utopian Socialism and Communism fully embrace idealistic principles without critique.
Name one critique made against German or 'True' Socialism.
Name one critique made against German or 'True' Socialism.
The bourgeoisie emerged from the feudal society.
The bourgeoisie emerged from the feudal society.
Match the types of socialism with their characteristics:
Match the types of socialism with their characteristics:
What creates instability and crises in capitalism according to the Communist Manifesto?
What creates instability and crises in capitalism according to the Communist Manifesto?
The proletariat is defined as the modern __________ class under capitalism.
The proletariat is defined as the modern __________ class under capitalism.
Match the following concepts from the Communist Manifesto with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts from the Communist Manifesto with their descriptions:
What is described as the inevitable outcome of the proletariat's growth in strength and unity?
What is described as the inevitable outcome of the proletariat's growth in strength and unity?
According to Marx, communists operate as a separate party from the proletariat.
According to Marx, communists operate as a separate party from the proletariat.
What does the Communist Manifesto argue about the role of industrial machinery and the division of labor?
What does the Communist Manifesto argue about the role of industrial machinery and the division of labor?
What is the ultimate goal of the communists according to the authors?
What is the ultimate goal of the communists according to the authors?
The communists argue that they should operate independently of existing working-class parties.
The communists argue that they should operate independently of existing working-class parties.
What do the authors urge the working class to do?
What do the authors urge the working class to do?
According to the authors, the proletariat has __________ to lose but their chains.
According to the authors, the proletariat has __________ to lose but their chains.
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
What is a key strategy discussed for advancing the proletarian cause?
What is a key strategy discussed for advancing the proletarian cause?
The authors believe that a global proletarian revolution is unnecessary.
The authors believe that a global proletarian revolution is unnecessary.
What powerful message do the authors conclude with regarding the working class?
What powerful message do the authors conclude with regarding the working class?
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Study Notes
Chapter I. Bourgeois and Proletarians
- Marx and Engels argue that history is a history of class struggle.
- Ancient Rome and the Middle Ages demonstrate societies divided into oppressors and oppressed classes.
- The bourgeoisie emerged from feudalism, driving global trade and industrial innovation.
- The bourgeoisie revolutionized feudalism by establishing free trade and market capitalism.
- Capitalism is inherently contradictory, as the bourgeoisie must constantly change production methods.
- These changes create instability and crises, leading to the development of the proletariat.
- The proletariat is the modern working class, created by industrial machinery and the division of labor.
- Workers experience alienation, reduced wages, and increased toil, leading to conflict with the bourgeoisie.
- The proletariat will inevitably overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a classless society.
Chapter II. Proletarians and Communists
- Communists are the most advanced and resolute section of the working class, leading the struggle for proletarian emancipation.
- Communism aims to abolish bourgeois private property, which is seen as the root of class antagonism and exploitation.
- Marx and Engels refute bourgeois objections to communism regarding personal property, labor, freedom, and culture.
- The bourgeois family structure will dissolve with the abolition of private property.
- The proletariat has no nation under the current system.
- Bourgeois ideology serves to perpetuate exploitation and will be replaced by new ideas reflecting the communist social order.
Chapter III. Socialist and Communist Literature
- Reactionary socialism opposes the revolutionary aims of the proletariat.
- Feudal socialism is an attempt by the aristocracy to restore feudal power.
- Petty-bourgeois socialism advocates for minor reforms that preserve bourgeois dominance.
- German or "True" Socialism idealizes socialist principles, separating them from material conditions.
- Conservative or bourgeois socialism aims to preserve the capitalist system through reforms.
- Early socialist thinkers like Saint-Simon, Fourier, and Owen, while contributing, lacked a concrete understanding of class struggle.
Chapter IV. Position of the Communists in Relation to the Various Existing Opposition Parties
- Communists are aligned with existing working-class parties while guiding them towards communism.
- Communists use existing political conditions to advance the proletarian cause.
- Communists aim for a global proletarian revolution.
- Workers have "nothing to lose but their chains" and "a world to win."
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