MARPOL Convention Annex 1 & 2 Quiz

MARPOL Convention Annex 1 & 2

• MARPOL convention, Annex 1 & 2, governs preventing pollution from ships.
• Annex 1 focuses on oil pollution.
• Annex 2 focuses on noxious liquid substances.
• Several annexes deal with various types of pollution.
• Documentation of compliance with MARPOL regulations is required.

Learning Objectives

• Understanding MARPOL's background and purpose.
• Familiarity with different annexes in detail.
• Knowledge of documenting MARPOL compliance onboard.
• Defining important terms related to pollution.
• Mastery of reporting procedures.
• Understanding the consequences of non-compliance.

MARPOL 73/78 Annex 1-6

• The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) covers:
  • Regulations for preventing oil pollution.
  • Regulations for controlling pollution by noxious liquid substances in bulk.
  • Regulations for preventing pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form.
  • Regulations for preventing pollution by sewage from ships.
  • Regulations for preventing pollution by garbage from ships.
  • Regulations for preventing air pollution from ships

Additional Details

• The convention aims to prevent and minimize pollution from ships, including accidental and routine operations.
• Various annexes cover different aspects of pollution control.
• Special areas are designated with even stricter controls on discharges.
• The responsible coastal state can address violations by the ship.

Oil Pollution

• Oil is defined as petroleum in various forms.
• Oil spills have significant negative impacts on marine life, humans, and the environment.
• Oil spreads rapidly on the water's surface, affecting animals, humans, and the environment.
• Immediate and long-term ecological problems often result.
• Oily mixtures from cargo and ballast spaces often require specific treatment/discharge methods to follow MARPOL requirements.

MARPOL Regulations for Oil Discharges

• All oil discharges at sea are restricted unless specific criteria are met.
• Machinery space, bilge waste, and sludge must comply with discharge criteria.
• Oil discharged from ships must be processed through specific oil filtering equipment.
• Discharge levels exceeding 15ppm are prohibited.
• Oily mixtures cannot be combined with cargo waste.

Cargo Space Oil Issues

• Oil tankers and ships above certain sizes must maintain a distance from land.
• Discharge quantities must not exceed defined values per nautical mile.
• Oil discharge must meet standards for Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME)

MARPOL Requirements

• Double hulls and bunker tank protections are required to avoid leakage.
• Oil filtering equipment (controlling discharges) with a maximum limit for ppm.
• Oily-water separators and detectors are necessary equipment to prevent pollution at sea.
• Monitoring and control of slop tanks, cargo and ballast systems, and proper discharge arrangements are necessary.
• Specific regulations apply to different ship types and cargo tanks.

Shipboard Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

• Detailed instructions on oil spill prevention, response procedures, and contact information for authorities.
• Information on general ship details, fuel oil lines/tanks, and SOPEP box locations are essential.
• Procedures for various scenarios, including oil spills, are outlined in the plan.

Oil Record Books

• Mandatory for oil tankers and ships exceeding a specific size.
• Detailed records of machinery space operations and cargo/ballast activities are crucial.
• The books must be accessible for inspections by regulatory bodies.

Warning and Caution

• Tampering with pollution prevention equipment is prohibited; illegal.
• Bypassing pollution prevention equipment for discharges is strictly forbidden.
• Adhering to local regulations, including Marpol and Flag state requirements, is crucial.
• Avoiding practices that create suspicion of illegal activities.
• Routine pollution prevention equipment maintenance and operation training for crew are essential.

International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP)

• Valid for a fixed number of years.
• Renewal with yearly endorsement required for compliance checks.
• Records and documentation requirements of Oil Discharging Monitoring Equipment (ODME), Oil Record Books (ORB), Oily Water Separators (OWS), Oil Filtering systems, inspections etc are listed in the IOPP.

Certificate of Expiration

• Relevant survey requirements are needed for renewal (surveys need to be performed).
• Non-compliance with renewal guidelines can lead to certification revocation.
• Changing the ship's flag to a new state.

Special Areas

• Recognized oceanographic or ecological zones or conditions for traffic requiring special pollution prevention procedures.
• No cargo residue or slop discharges are permitted.

Chemical Tanker Classifications (IMO Types 1, 2, and 3)

• Chemical tankers categorized based on the hazardous properties of the cargo they can carry.
• Different types 1, 2, and 3 have varied characteristics
• Type 1: highly hazardous cargo.
• Type 2: Hazardous but less hazardous cargo than type 1
• Type 3: relatively less hazardous cargo

Chemical Carriage Regulations

• Chemical transportation different from oil.
• Cargoes' characteristics (e.g., temperature, semi-gasses, potential reactions), and planning for them are important to consider for successful operation.
• International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code) is necessary for certain chemicals and the specific type of ship.

Pollution Categorization (X, Y, Z, and OS Substances)

• Categories X, Y, and Z for noxious liquid substances, differentiated by the hazard level and required prevention measures.
• Category OS contains substances with no designated risk for discharge into the surrounding marine environment.

Cargo Tank Stripping and Pre-wash

• Cargo tanks must be emptied with any residue possible.
• Categories of substances (X, Y, and Z) require corresponding handling protocols, ranging from mandatory pre-washing to no prewash required.

Pre-wash Exemption

• Receiving nations might grant exceptions to pre-washing if the substances meet particular criteria (reloading with similar substances, suitability for no pre-washing).

Overboard Discharge

• Discharge is permitted under certain specific conditions (minimum distance from land and water depth).

Procedures & Arrangements Manual (P&A)

• Needed for compliant vessel operation with MARPOL Annex II.
• Procedures are developed according to appropriate IMO regulations.

Oil Record Book (MARPOL Annex II)

• Used to keep records for all relevant cargo and ballast operations.
• This record book needs to be kept for minimum 3 years.

Certificate of Fitness

• Required for all chemical tankers with details about onboard equipment, tank types, and cargo list.