Marketing Strategies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a promotional strategy to attract customers?

  • Coupons
  • Discounts
  • Contests
  • Brand loyalty analysis (correct)

What potential risk is associated with offering constant discounts and promotions?

  • Enhanced brand loyalty
  • Attracting new customers
  • Diluting the brand's value (correct)
  • Increased customer retention

Which of the following is an example of a method to engage customers that involves action on their part?

  • Advertising on social media
  • Taking part in a competition (correct)
  • Giving away free samples
  • Offering a subscription service

Which term refers to rewards given to customers for their continuous patronage?

<p>Loyalty programmes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method used to increase customer interaction with a brand?

<p>Website subscriptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first component of the 6M Model of marketing communications?

<p>Mission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the 6M Model relates to the financial resources allocated for marketing?

<p>Money (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of video production?

<p>Studio Lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the 6M Model, what does the 'Media' component refer to?

<p>The channels used to deliver the message (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect to consider when measuring the effectiveness of a marketing communication campaign?

<p>Adjustment against defined objectives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is essential for the initial phase of video production?

<p>Storytelling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of using online and interactive channels for communication?

<p>They facilitate real-time personal interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of 'Message' in the 6M Model?

<p>It details the content and structure of what is communicated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best exemplifies the concept of ethical media?

<p>Serving the common good and protecting privacy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately represents the differences between social media and legacy media?

<p>Legacy media prohibits fake news; social media does not regulate it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the two-step flow model illustrate?

<p>The dissemination of media messages through opinion leaders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is not listed as an influence on media?

<p>Weather patterns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of media content, what is considered newsworthy?

<p>Content that is constructed daily by journalists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of new media?

<p>Greater mobility in sending and receiving information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens due to the financial influence on media content?

<p>Content usually favors the perspectives of funded sectors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines the term 'Media as a Global Village'?

<p>Worldwide connections facilitated by media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of script development in the production process?

<p>To plan and refine the story (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a non-fiction program?

<p>Drama series (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'persistence of vision' refer to?

<p>Perception of motion from still images (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what stage of production are special effects added?

<p>Production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon explains the creation of a moving object from alternating states?

<p>Phi phenomenon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the 'Post-Production' stage in video production?

<p>Editing and soundtracks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the biological differences between individuals?

<p>Sex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of program is included in the non-fiction category?

<p>Sports event (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'newsworthy' imply about a story or event?

<p>It is significant enough to be reported by journalists. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the theories on media effects, what does the hypodermic model suggest?

<p>Media messages can lead to direct and uniform effects on the audience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group in the Diffusion of Innovations model tends to be the most skeptical and resistant to change?

<p>Laggards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does fact-checking play in journalism?

<p>To verify the accuracy and truthfulness of information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the T.R.U.T.H acronym in journalism stand for?

<p>Timely, Relevant, Unusual, Tension, Human Interest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of journalism as described in the content?

<p>It requires transparency and aims to report objective truth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of early adopters in the Diffusion of Innovations model?

<p>They serve as opinion leaders and influence others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding trustworthiness in journalism?

<p>Trustworthiness ensures reliability and credibility of information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LGBTIQ+ stand for?

<p>Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gender is disproportionately affected by gender inequality in many societies?

<p>Women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common barrier to women's participation in the workforce?

<p>Inadequate access to mentors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes stereotyping?

<p>Creating a mental picture based on generalizations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of individuals in news media are women, according to recent statistics?

<p>25% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does media play in shaping social practices?

<p>It helps individuals judge others and themselves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor contributing to the persistence of gender inequality?

<p>Historical, cultural, and structural factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does advertising typically portray women?

<p>As objects and stereotypes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Two-Step Flow Model

The process where media messages reach individuals through opinion leaders, who then spread those messages further within their communities.

Ethical Media

Media content that prioritizes truthfulness, fairness, and social responsibility, aiming to serve the common good rather than private interests.

Media Does Not Mirror Reality

The media does not passively reflect reality. It actively shapes and frames it based on various factors, including its own interests and the influence of those who fund it.

What Makes News Newsworthy?

The criteria used to determine what is considered newsworthy and therefore worthy of inclusion in news stories. These criteria often reflect journalistic values and audience preferences.

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New Media

The convergence of traditional media (like newspapers, radio) with digital platforms and technologies, leading to a new landscape of media consumption.

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Media as a Global Village

The idea that through media, people from diverse backgrounds can connect and share experiences, creating a sense of global interconnectedness.

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Social Media

Social media platforms where the emphasis is on user-generated content and sharing, often susceptible to the spread of misinformation.

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Legacy Media

Traditional media organizations like newspapers, radio, and television that have established a long history and reputation for news accuracy.

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What are marketing promotions?

Special offers that encourage customers to engage with a brand. They can include discounts, coupons, contests, giveaways, loyalty programs, or exclusive deals.

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What are loyalty programs?

Marketing initiatives designed to build strong relationships with customers and encourage their repeat business. This can involve rewarding loyal customers with points, discounts, or exclusive perks.

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What are promotional tactics?

Marketing tactics like coupons, contests, and giveaways that aim to generate buzz and encourage participation. They can involve enticing prizes or exclusive offers.

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What is a loyalty community?

A strategic approach to building an engaged community around a brand by offering exclusive rewards or experiences for participating members.

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How can promotions dilute brand value?

When a company uses promotions that are too frequent or generous, it can potentially lessen the perceived value of their brand.

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What makes news?

The idea that what is considered important enough to be reported as news is influenced by social factors and values.

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Media effects on opinion

Media has the potential to influence public opinion, but it's not always a direct effect. The impact depends on factors like media credibility, how widely it's covered, and the audience's critical thinking skills.

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Diffusion of innovations model

Explains how new ideas or products spread within a society. It involves stages of adoption, with different groups influencing each other.

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Early adopters as opinion leaders

The early adopters in the diffusion of innovations model serve as opinion leaders, influencing others to adopt the new idea or product.

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Fact-checking

The process of verifying the accuracy and truthfulness of information before it is published or broadcast.

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Trustworthiness in journalism

The reliability and trustworthiness of information presented by journalists. It involves being honest, accurate, and unbiased.

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What is journalism?

Journalism is the practice of gathering, assessing, creating, and presenting news and information to the public. It requires transparency, objectivity, and fact-checking.

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6M Model of Marketing Communications

A strategic framework for planning and executing marketing communication strategies, encompassing key elements like mission, money, message, media, market, and measurement.

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Mission (6M Model)

The overarching goals and desired outcomes of the marketing campaign. It clarifies what the company aims to achieve.

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Money (6M Model)

The financial resources allocated to the marketing communication campaign. It influences the scope, media choices, and creative production.

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Message (6M Model)

The content or message delivered to the target audience. It includes what is said and how it's said.

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Media (6M Model)

The channels or platforms used to deliver the marketing message to the target audience, including traditional media, digital media, and direct communication.

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Market (6M Model)

The specific group of people the marketing campaign targets. It's crucial to understand their needs and preferences.

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Measurement (6M Model)

Assessing the effectiveness of the marketing communication campaign. It involves tracking success against objectives and adapting accordingly.

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Video Production

A process of creating and distributing moving images, encompassing films, TV shows, YouTube videos, commercials, music videos, and social media content.

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What is gender inequality?

Social, economic, and political disparities between individuals based on their gender.

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What are gender roles?

Behaviours, activities, and attributes that a society considers appropriate for men and women.

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What is gender stereotyping?

When we create generalizations about people based on their gender, often without accurate information.

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How does the media influence gender?

The media plays a significant role in shaping our understanding of gender and can perpetuate stereotypes and inequalities.

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How are women represented in the media?

Women are often underrepresented in the media, particularly in decision-making positions.

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What challenges do women face in the workforce?

Women face barriers, including discrimination, lack of support, and inflexible workplaces, which limit their participation in the workforce.

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How does advertising impact gender?

Advertising often portrays women as objects and reinforces stereotypical roles, often negatively.

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What is the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP)?

A large-scale research project that examines gender representation in the media and advocates for change.

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What is Sex?

The biological difference between male and female, including internal and external sex organs, reproductive differences that are constant across time, location, and culture.

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What is Gender?

The social and cultural expectations and roles associated with being male or female. These characteristics are fluid and vary depending on time, place, and culture.

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What is Persistence of Vision?

The ability of the human eye to retain an image for a brief period after the image has disappeared, creating the illusion of motion when images are displayed in rapid succession.

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What is Beta Movement?

The illusion of movement created by showing a series of slightly different images in rapid succession, leading to the perception of a smooth and continuous motion.

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What is Phi Phenomenon?

The illusion of movement created by displaying two or more stationary lights in quick succession, making it appear as if the light is moving between the two locations.

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What is Script Development?

Includes planning, financing, refining the story, and ensuring smooth filmmaking, setting the foundation for successful production.

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What is Pre-Production?

Everything that needs to be done before filming begins, including research, casting, securing more funds, scouting locations, building sets, and creating shooting schedules.

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What is Production?

The stage where the film or video is actually shot, encompassing filming, adding special effects, and capturing the visuals.

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Study Notes

Aspects of Communication

  • Media, Culture, and Society:

    • Media reflects those who fund them
    • Media effects opinions
    • Media does not reflect the real world
    • Media has responsibilities
    • Social media vs. legacy media (e.g., fake news)
    • Two-step flow model
    • Media as a global village
    • Media content includes entertainment, advocacy, advertisement, news, opinion, and more.
    • Ethical media promotes solidarity, information rights, common good, and human needs.
  • Journalism:

    • Defined as gathering, assessing, creating, and presenting news and information
    • Requires transparency, objectivity, and trust
    • Understands news as new facts and events impacting lives
    • Journalists verify accuracy and provide context; are witnesses and investigators through experience and patience
  • Internet and New Media:

    • Media infrastructure is changing with technology and consumer behaviour
    • Traditional infrastructures are being replaced by digital ones
    • Rise of AI, 5G, and streaming services
    • Devices like tablets, smartphones, and VR headsets
    • Traditional TV/radio are being overtaken by streaming
    • Flexibility in media consumption has fundamentally changed audience engagement
  • Personal Communications:

    • Social behavior refers to interactions within society, which shape cultural frameworks
    • Media and society are in a reflexive relationship
    • Presentations include presenter, audience, and environment
    • Communication is more than just talking (body language, appearance)
    • Retaining information is best through visual methods
    • Public speaking requires understanding your audience, their expectations, and their backgrounds
  • Marketing Communications:

    • Marketing mix includes Product, Place, Price, and Promotion
    • Service quality dimensions are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy
    • Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) utilizes tools like personal selling, public relations, direct marketing, sales promotion, advertising, publicity, and online channels
  • Video Production:

    • Video production is similar to cinema but faster and cheaper, ranging from films, to TV shows, to YouTube videos, and more.
    • It requires storytelling, organisation, and vision
    • Important video factors are location, seating, screen size, and cinematography.
    • Fiction vs. Non-Fiction
  • Film Studies:

    • Film's power is in emotional experiences and bringing stories to life
    • Short cuts evoke danger, editing affects perspectives and shifts in time, and camera techniques portray time and space.
    • The director (film artist) crafts a vision using mise-en-scene (setting, lighting, costumes, makeup), cinematography, and editing, and sound.
    • A 12 step process from idea to exhibition
  • Photography:

    • Photography isn't copying; it's interpreting reality
    • Camera obscura's principle is light passing through a small opening.
    • Photography tools include daguerreotype and calotype processes.
    • The Kodak Revolution brought simpler box cameras and roll film.
  • Digital Games:

    • The Components of a Game: material objects, game system, rules, and procedures, and player experience.
    • Games have family resemblances.
    • Games are voluntary, separate in time, space, uncertain, unproductive, governed by rules, containing make-believe
  • Visual Art and Design:

    • Art is a creative expression that evokes emotion and has aesthetic value.
    • Artistic activity encompasses experiences in various contexts, such as cave paintings, as examples of early artistic expression.
    • Iconography refers to the use of visual symbols, and culture relates to beliefs, values, and lifestyles.
    • Visual cultures are tangible expressions of daily life, including buildings and landscapes.
  • Communicating with Audio:

    • Hertz (Hz) is the unit for measuring frequency, the number of cycles per second.
    • Frequency relates to a sound wave's oscillations per second, and higher frequency means higher pitch.
    • Dynamic range measures the difference between the softest and loudest sounds
    • Equalization (EQ) adjusts audio's frequency components
    • Compression changes the distance between the loudest and softest sounds.
  • Human Communication:

    • Human communication is the process of influencing another
    • Shannon and Weaver's model illustrates sender-encoder-channel-decoder-receiver
    • Includes intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational communication methods.
  • Organizational Communication:

    • Organizations comprise bonded persons
    • Internal organization functions and management relationships
    • External relationships with organizations like suppliers, competitors, and buyers

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