Marketing Chapter 7: Global Branding Strategies

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Questions and Answers

Which factor does NOT shape a company's international brand structure?

  • Product-market characteristics
  • Underlying market dynamics
  • Consumer preferences (correct)
  • Firm-based characteristics

What tends to result from a firm's use of strategic alliances in brand strategy?

  • A melding of brand strategies (correct)
  • Simplification of branding
  • Increased brand homogenization
  • Isolation of brand identities

How does a decentralized organizational structure influence brand management?

  • Centralizes brand decision-making
  • Encourages rapid global branding
  • Creates a substantial number of local brands (correct)
  • Leads to fewer local brands

What is a likely outcome when firms with centralized structures expand internationally?

<p>Development of global brands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a company acquires a local brand during international expansion, what is typically retained?

<p>The local brand name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of firms like Panasonic or Siemens in terms of branding?

<p>They emphasize quality and reliability in corporate branding. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of firm-based characteristics greatly affects international brand strategy?

<p>Management decisions in the past (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an implication of having a centralized organizational structure for a firm's products?

<p>Local adaptations are rarely made to products. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of a brand as an identifier?

<p>It simplifies choices for the consumer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a brand defined as a promise?

<p>It represents the expected value provided to consumers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a brand serve as an asset?

<p>It enhances customer loyalty and market reputation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the importance of branding in international business?

<p>Branding can drive value and preference across diverse markets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes branding from other marketing strategies?

<p>Branding creates emotional connections with consumers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do national differences play in global branding strategies?

<p>They help dictate the specific local strategies for branding. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for companies to engage in international branding?

<p>To compete effectively in a global market and create value. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the essence of branding?

<p>It integrates identification, promise, and asset management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company is known for using strong domestic brands to expand into international markets?

<p>Procter &amp; Gamble (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of strategy did Nestlé primarily follow in its expansion between 1960 and 1990?

<p>Diversification through acquisitions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does corporate identity play in a company's branding strategy?

<p>It reassures customers about reliability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the proliferation of brands within firms like Nestlé necessitate?

<p>Integration of company-branding structures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the approach of firms that extend power brands into international markets?

<p>They maintain similar customer interests and product attributes globally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of companies like Samsung regarding brand structure?

<p>They use their corporate brand to project reliability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'interrelatedness of product businesses' refer to in regards to brand structure?

<p>The degree to which products compliment each other. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company is associated with the slogan 'Imagination at Work'?

<p>General Electric (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using a multitier branding structure in a competitive market?

<p>It allows companies to cater to diverse market tastes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'country of origin' important in beer branding?

<p>It serves as part of the brand equity strategy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has political and economic integration affected international branding?

<p>It has facilitated the marketing of international brands. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does global and regional media play in branding?

<p>They provide cost-effective advertising channels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marketing strategy was historically used by Foster's to convey its brand identity?

<p>An animal mascot. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has shaped the context in which brand structures evolve?

<p>Ongoing political and economic integration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a global market, companies often find they can market their products by:

<p>Standardizing products with a single brand name. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marketing approach does Lapin Kulta utilize to highlight its uniqueness?

<p>Images of its country’s landscapes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a brand champion within a corporation?

<p>To monitor brand positioning and authorize brand extensions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a brand champion to report directly to top management?

<p>To maintain brand integrity and prevent brand dilution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the conditions under which centralizing control of brands is likely to be most effective?

<p>The business is targeting a specific global market segment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor significantly enhances the effectiveness of corporate branding strategies?

<p>High personal attention and commitment from senior management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage do corporations gain from a strong corporate branding strategy?

<p>Enhanced value through unique market positioning and stakeholder commitment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered an example of an effective corporate brand?

<p>Prominent international companies like Disney and Samsung (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of poor brand management at the corporate level?

<p>Brand dilution and loss of consumer trust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a strong corporate brand represent in the marketplace?

<p>The values and aspirations of the company (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential challenge of co-branding partnerships?

<p>They can lead to complex legal agreements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of co-branding?

<p>Fiat collaborating with Barbie to celebrate an anniversary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is brand licensing primarily about?

<p>Leasing rights to use a brand for a specific time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does licensing benefit the licensor?

<p>It allows expansion without investment costs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk associated with co-branded offerings?

<p>They can dilute the brand's existing market presence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that can lead to issues in co-branding relationships?

<p>Uneven power dynamics between the partners. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might brand licensing be particularly profitable for companies?

<p>It can generate accepted brand recognition without production costs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company is noted as a pioneer in brand licensing?

<p>The Walt Disney Company (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Global Branding

Developing a consistent brand identity across different countries and cultures to create a unified image.

Brand as identifier

A name, symbol or design that distinguishes a company's offering from competitors.

Brand as promise

The characteristic set of quality, service and value a company provides to consumers.

Brand as asset

Reputation that drives price premium and customer preference for a company.

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Expansion Strategy (Brand)

A company's strategy to grow by acquiring or developing new brands or products.

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Diversification (Brand)

Expanding into new product categories or markets.

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Product-Level Brand Strategy

Focusing on individual product brands rather than a corporate brand.

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Power Brands

Strong domestic brands that are expanded internationally.

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Corporate Identity

The image and message a company projects about itself.

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Brand Consolidation

Combining different brands under a unified corporate brand.

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Brand Structure

The organization and management of a company's brands.

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Product Diversity (Brand)

The number and variety of different products a company offers.

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Firm-Based Characteristics

Factors within a company that influence its international brand structure, encompassing organizational structure, expansion strategy, strategic alliances, corporate identity, product diversity, and administrative heritage.

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Administrative Heritage

A company's historical management practices, particularly its organizational structure, impacting brand development.

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Decentralized Organizational Structure

A company structure where country managers have significant autonomy over operations and strategy, leading to potentially many local brands.

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Centralized Organizational Structure

A company structure where global product divisions and headquarters hold significant control, promoting a global brand strategy.

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International Expansion Strategy

A company's approach to expanding abroad, including acquisition or organic growth, which impacts international brand structure.

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Strategic Alliances

Partnerships between companies that broaden geographic reach, potentially leading to a combination of brand strategies.

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Corporate Identity

The image and overall perception of a company, influencing its global brand structure.

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Product Lines/Product Divisions

Different products or groups of related products within a company, whose diversity influences the variety of brands used.

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Global Brands

Brands marketed and recognized globally, often by standardized products across countries, but with minor local variations.

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Local Brands

Brands marketed primarily within a single country, often with customized products to meet local needs.

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Multi-tier branding

Using different brand levels (corporate, product, local) to appeal to varied markets; important when competing with many global, national, and local players in a specific area.

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Country of origin effect

Using a product's country of origin as a brand characteristic in marketing; can instantly convey a certain sense of quality, style, or ethos to consumers.

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Market dynamics

Factors like political/economic integration, global market infrastructure, and consumer mobility; these factors shape how companies brand.

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Political/Economic Integration

Countries working together in trade/economy; this makes it easier for brands to expand. Reduced barriers help with global reach.

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Global Market Infrastructure

Global communication networks (media) for advertisement, making it easier to develop a global brand, and inexpensive to communicate globally.

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Consumer Mobility

Global movement of people; this means brands can reach a vast international consumer base.

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Standardized Products

Products with consistent features and a universal brand name, rather than region-specific models.

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Brand Champion

A senior manager responsible for maintaining brand consistency and authorizing brand extensions.

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Brand Positioning

How a brand presents itself in the market, consistency is key in international markets.

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Brand Dilution

Weakening of a brand's reputation by extending it to unrelated products.

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Brand Extension

Using an established brand name on new products or businesses.

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Corporate Branding

Using a company's overall identity to signal values and strengthen the association of all products/services.

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Corporate Brand

The main company identity that acts as a face to the company and associated products/services.

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Global Market Segment

Targeting a specific segment of the global market with products/services.

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Brand Integrity

Maintaining the core values, promises, and reputation of a brand.

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Stakeholders

Individuals or groups affected by or interested in a company's actions.

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Co-branding

A strategy where two or more companies team up to create a product or service, using both of their brands.

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Co-branded offering risks

Potential issues with market reception, complex legal agreements, and disagreements in vision when two or more companies work together on a product or service.

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Brand licensing

A company (licensor) allows another company (licensee) to use its brand on a product for a fee and a specified period

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Brand licensing benefits

Increases a company's market reach and income by selling the usage of its name or products to other companies, while the licensee benefits from the already-established brand recognition.

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Study Notes

Chapter 7: Creating a Global Brand

  • Introduction: A global brand has consistent name and image worldwide. Companies use strategies like tiered branding, co-branding, and brand extensions to build strong global brands. Maslow's hierarchy can help understand customer needs in different markets. Country-of-origin effect can benefit some products. Packaging and warranties need to be appropriate for each market.

  • Elements and Benefits of Branding: Brands are powerful entities in the market offering multiple functions, including identification, promises, assets, and perceptions. They create unique positions in consumers' minds, distinguished by tangible and intangible elements (visuals, features, culture, etc.)

  • Formulating a Global Brand Strategy: Creating a global brand that encompasses operations across countries requires defining the role of brand levels (corporate, division, or product). The geographic scope is crucial as well as organizational structure.

  • Brand Architecture: This refers to the structure of a company's brand portfolio. Three key principles are: parsimony (consolidating brands), consistency, and connectivity (linking brands).

  • Global Branding: A global brand name for a product that is internationally recognized. Advantages include economies of scale, while disadvantages include adapting to different consumer needs and legal systems across countries. Companies choose between a single global brand or multiple brands for local markets.

  • Acer's Multiple Brand Strategy: Acer utilizes a multi-brand strategy in different regions.

  • Global Brand Web Strategy: Companies like Google, Philips, etc., present global brands through diverse web content and images tailored to specific countries.

  • Planning a Brand Strategy for Emerging Markets: Pricing products appropriately in emerging markets is crucial. Lower income levels in emerging markets require careful consideration of initial pricing strategy and how the brand will adapt as income rises.

  • Centralized vs. Decentralized Marketing Decisions: A centralized approach offers speed and consistency but may not accurately reflect or be sensitive to local needs; decentralized structure allows for more adaptability and potentially better local responsiveness.

  • Global Brand Structures: Multinational companies employ one of three main structures: corporate-dominant, product-dominant, or hybrid.

  • Determinants of Global Brand Structure: Firm-based characteristics, product-market characteristics, and underlying market dynamics affect how companies structure their global brand presence.

  • Managing Key Strategic Brands: Companies need to understand how to manage key strategic brands by assigning custody (champion) or centralizing control to maintain brand integrity, consistency, and visibility. Also, firms must address consistency and positioning of the brand in different countries and markets.

  • Benefits of Corporate Heritage Branding: Strong corporate brands offer a recognizable "face" of the company; a recognizable face of the corporation. It is also more cost-effective than a multi-brand approach.

  • Common Branding Strategies: Two primary strategies, "branded house" and "house of brands," are used by companies. These strategies are applied to product names and corporate identities.

  • Private-Label or Store Branding: Popularity of this strategy, where individual retailers use their name for their products, or for product diversification.

  • Co-Branding: Two established brands collaborate to offer a single product. Both contribute their value to create a new product.

  • Line Extensions and Brand Extensions: Companies utilize these strategies to increase brand equity. Line extensions are new varieties of existing products, while brand extensions introduce existing brands to new product categories.

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