Marketing Chapter 6 Flashcards
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What is consumer behavior?

  • The marketing strategies of companies.
  • The analysis of market trends.
  • The processes a consumer uses to make purchase decisions. (correct)
  • The preferences of producers.
  • What is the consumer decision-making process?

    A five-step process used by consumers when buying goods and services.

    What triggers need recognition?

    An imbalance between actual and desired states.

    Define 'want' in the context of consumer behavior.

    <p>The way a consumer goes about addressing a need.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a stimulus?

    <p>Any unit of input affecting one or more of the five senses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an internal information search?

    <p>The process of recalling past information stored in memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an external information search involve?

    <p>The process of seeking information in the outside environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define nonmarketing-controlled information source.

    <p>A product information source that is not associated with advertising or promotion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a marketing-controlled information source?

    <p>A product information source that originates with marketers promoting the product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an evoked set?

    <p>A group of brands from which a buyer can choose after an information search.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are brand extensions?

    <p>A well-known and respected brand name from one product category is extended into other product categories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cognitive dissonance?

    <p>Inner tension that a consumer experiences after recognizing an inconsistency between behavior and values or opinions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define involvement in consumer behavior.

    <p>The amount of time and effort a buyer invests in the search, evaluation, and decision processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes routine response behavior?

    <p>The type of decision making exhibited by consumers buying frequently purchased, low-cost goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe limited decision making.

    <p>Decision making that requires a moderate amount of time for gathering information about an unfamiliar brand in a familiar product category.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is extensive decision making?

    <p>The most complex type of consumer decision making used for unfamiliar, expensive products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define culture in consumer behavior.

    <p>The set of values, norms, attitudes, and other meaningful symbols that shape human behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a value?

    <p>The enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct is preferable to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define subculture.

    <p>A homogeneous group of people who share elements of the overall culture as well as unique elements of their own group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is social class?

    <p>A group of people in a society who are considered nearly equal in status, who regularly socialize among themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reference group?

    <p>A group in society that influences an individual's purchasing behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define primary membership group.

    <p>A reference group with which people interact regularly in an informal manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a secondary membership group?

    <p>A reference group with which people associate less consistently and more formally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aspirational reference group?

    <p>A group that someone would like to join.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define norm.

    <p>A value or attitude deemed acceptable by a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a non-aspirational reference group?

    <p>A group with which an individual does not want to associate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an opinion leader?

    <p>An individual who influences the opinions of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sponsored blog?

    <p>A blog in which a company pays a blogger to promote a good or service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define shilling.

    <p>When bloggers do not disclose that they were paid to promote a product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the socialization process?

    <p>How cultural values and norms are passed down to children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is personality in the context of consumer behavior?

    <p>A way of organizing and grouping the consistencies of an individual's reactions to situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define self-concept.

    <p>How consumers perceive themselves in terms of attitudes, perception, beliefs, and self-evaluations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal self-image?

    <p>The way an individual would like to be.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define real self-image.

    <p>The way an individual actually perceives himself or herself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is self-monitoring?

    <p>The extent to which consumers use their current situation to guide their social behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lifestyle?

    <p>A mode of living as identified by a person's activities, interests, and opinions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is perception?

    <p>The process by which people select, organize, and interpret stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define selective exposure.

    <p>The process whereby a consumer notices certain stimuli and ignores others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is selective retention?

    <p>A process whereby a consumer remembers only that information that supports his or her personal beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define motive.

    <p>A driving force that causes a person to take action to satisfy specific needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

    <p>A method of classifying human needs and motivations into five categories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is learning in the context of consumer behavior?

    <p>A process that creates changes in behavior through experience and practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define stimulus generalization.

    <p>A form of learning that occurs when one response is extended to a second stimulus similar to the first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stimulus discrimination?

    <p>A learned ability to differentiate among similar products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a belief?

    <p>An organized pattern of knowledge that an individual holds as true.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define attitude.

    <p>A learned tendency to respond consistently toward a given object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Consumer Behavior Fundamentals

    • Consumer behavior involves the processes used to make purchase decisions, as well as using and disposing of products.
    • Factors influencing consumer decisions include personal, social, and cultural elements.

    Consumer Decision-Making Process

    • A five-step process guides consumers through purchasing goods and services, from need recognition to post-purchase evaluation.

    Key Concepts in Decision Making

    • Need recognition arises from a gap between actual and desired states.
    • A want represents the method a consumer employs to satisfy a recognized need.
    • Stimuli, including sensory inputs, play a crucial role in influencing consumer behavior.

    Information Search Techniques

    • An internal information search draws on past experiences.
    • An external information search involves seeking information from outside sources.

    Information Source Categories

    • Nonmarketing-controlled sources provide unbiased product information, while marketing-controlled sources promote products through advertising.

    Brand and Product Evaluation

    • The evoked set consists of brands a consumer considers after an information search.
    • Brand extensions leverage the reputation of a well-known brand into new product categories.

    Post-Purchase Feelings

    • Cognitive dissonance refers to the stress consumers feel when their beliefs and behaviors are inconsistent.

    Level of Consumer Involvement

    • Routine response behavior involves minimal effort in purchasing low-cost items.
    • Limited decision making is required for familiar products that are less frequently purchased.
    • Extensive decision making is essential for high-involvement purchases of unfamiliar, expensive items.

    Cultural and Social Influences

    • Culture consists of shared values, norms, and symbols that shape behavior through generations.
    • Subcultures reflect unique aspects within a larger culture, while social classes group individuals based on socioeconomic status.
    • Reference groups, including primary and secondary membership groups, influence purchasing behavior through social interactions.

    Personal Identity and Consumer Attitudes

    • Self-concept captures how individuals perceive themselves, influencing their purchasing decisions.
    • The ideal self-image is the desired perception, whereas a real self-image reflects current self-views.

    Psychological Factors in Consumer Behavior

    • Personality and lifestyle are important identifiers of consumer behavior.
    • Perception involves organizing and interpreting sensory information, leading to selective exposure and retention of relevant data.

    Motivations and Needs

    • Motivations drive actions to fulfill specific needs, classified by Maslow's hierarchy into five ascending categories: psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization.

    Learning and Attitude Formation

    • Learning, shaped by experience, leads to behavioral changes.
    • Attitudes represent consistent behavioral tendencies towards objects, influenced by beliefs, which are individual truths about the world.

    Stimulus Responses

    • Stimulus generalization extends learned responses to similar stimuli.
    • Stimulus discrimination helps consumers differentiate between similar products.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapter 6 of Marketing. This set of flashcards focuses on important terms like consumer behavior and the decision-making process. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of marketing principles.

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