Marketing and Advertising Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does behavioral targeting primarily focus on?

  • Grouping customers by demographics
  • Enhancing customer service via feedback
  • Creating generic advertisements for all users
  • Tracking online behavior of individuals (correct)

How does programmatic ad buying affect advertising?

  • It makes advertisements less relevant to viewers
  • It optimizes the process of reaching targeted audiences (correct)
  • It eliminates the use of online tracking altogether
  • It relies solely on manual ad placements

What is a characteristic feature of social e-commerce?

  • Direct sales without social interaction
  • Randomized product advertisements
  • Ignoring customer reviews and feedback
  • Utilizing a digital social graph (correct)

Which of the following best describes native advertising?

<p>Advertisements designed to blend in with the platform's content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do social networks play in marketing and advertising?

<p>They allow brands to leverage individuals' influence over others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Walmart's sales figure in 2019?

<p>Over $524 billion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does customer intimacy impact a company's revenues?

<p>It increases customer retention which raises revenues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of real-time data for decision making?

<p>It enables accurate, informed decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily required for a company to maintain a competitive advantage?

<p>Responding to customers and suppliers in real-time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of a company’s business model?

<p>How a company produces, delivers, and sells products. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from managers not having accurate information at the right time?

<p>Poor outcomes and misallocation of resources. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intimacy with suppliers allow a company to achieve?

<p>Lower costs for vital inputs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is IT considered a necessity for business survival?

<p>It is crucial for keeping up with competitors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility in ethical decision-making primarily about?

<p>Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes that if an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone?

<p>Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Slippery Slope Rule' suggest regarding habitual actions?

<p>Actions that cannot be taken repeatedly are not right to take at all (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'due process' in ethical analysis?

<p>An ability to appeal to higher authorities with established laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle emphasizes the action that produces the least harm or potential cost?

<p>Risk Aversion Principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge arises from competitors copying strategic information systems?

<p>Strategic systems may shift from providing advantages to basic survival tools. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ethical question is raised by information systems regarding social changes?

<p>How to balance technological growth with human rights? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations exemplifies a failed ethical judgment in business?

<p>General Motors and its management of safety issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the rapid decline in data storage costs?

<p>Data collection and storage can occur at unprecedented scales. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of combining data from multiple sources to identify hidden connections?

<p>Nonobvious Relationship Awareness (NORA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major ethical dilemma posed by advances in data collection?

<p>How much data collection is considered ethical and necessary? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Moore's Law indicate about computing power?

<p>It doubles approximately every 18 months. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used to describe the impact of IT on society's structure?

<p>A calm pond affected by a dropped rock. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mobile devices contribute to ethical concerns in information systems?

<p>By enabling 24/7 access to data collection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of information systems can threaten existing distributions of power?

<p>The emergence of new types of crime, such as cybercrime. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment protects individuals from unreasonable search and seizure in relation to privacy?

<p>Fourth Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle governs the collection and use of personal information according to fair information practices?

<p>Notice/Awareness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the GDPR require from firms processing EU citizens' data?

<p>Explicit informed consent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of protection is NOT a way to safeguard intellectual property?

<p>Securities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major challenge does digital media present compared to physical media?

<p>Ease of replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the opt-out and opt-in models?

<p>Opt-in requires a user’s explicit permission, while opt-out provides options after data collection begins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the FTC Fair Information Practices (FIP) principles?

<p>Choice/Consent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tools is considered a technical solution to protect user privacy online?

<p>Email encryption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of the failure of technical solutions for privacy protection?

<p>Users can be tracked from one site to another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of collaboration focuses on mission accomplishment within or across organizations?

<p>Formal collaboration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a social business?

<p>Use of social networking platforms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which benefit is NOT associated with collaboration and teamwork?

<p>Enhanced employee isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do senior managers play in a collaborative business culture?

<p>Building and relying on teams (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is primarily used for virtual meetings in collaboration?

<p>Videoconferencing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of IT infrastructure does not fall under firm-wide services?

<p>Personal computing hardware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which computing trend followed the introduction of personal computers in 1981?

<p>Increase in decentralized computing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines client/server computing?

<p>Processing tasks split between clients and servers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law states that the power of a network grows exponentially with the number of members?

<p>Metcalfe's Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a component of IT infrastructure?

<p>Setting company policies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a core feature of cloud computing?

<p>Shared computing resources over a network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology driver has led to exponential growth in the internet's size?

<p>Declining communication costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which platform is widely known for enterprise social networking?

<p>Microsoft SharePoint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of investing in collaboration technology?

<p>Enhancing productivity and efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Business Model

A company's plan for producing, delivering, and selling products or services to generate revenue.

Retail Link System

A system that connects suppliers directly to stores, allowing for efficient and accurate stock replenishment.

Customer Intimacy

Providing exceptional customer service that builds loyalty and encourages repeat business.

Supplier Intimacy

Building strong relationships with suppliers to ensure reliable and cost-effective input.

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Improved Decision Making

Using accurate and timely information to make effective business decisions.

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Competitive Advantage

Outperforming competitors by delivering better products, services, or efficiency.

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Survival

Essential for staying in business and keeping up with competitors.

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Innovation

The use of information technology to create new products, services, or business models.

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Behavioral Targeting

A marketing approach focusing on targeting customers with specific interests or preferences based on their online behavior.

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Native Advertising

A type of online advertising where ads are designed to blend seamlessly into the surrounding content, such as articles or social media posts.

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Programmatic Ad Buying

A system that automates the buying and selling of online advertising space, allowing advertisers to reach their target audience more efficiently.

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Social Network Marketing

The use of social media platforms to promote brands, products, or services and engage with customers. It leverages social connections and influencers.

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Social E-commerce

The ability to use social media platforms to buy and sell products or services.

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Team

A group of people working together to achieve shared and explicit goals, with a specific mission and focus on task or mission accomplishment.

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Social Business

The use of social networking platforms to engage employees, customers, and suppliers, aiming to deepen interactions and accelerate information sharing.

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Collaborative Business Culture

Increasing reliance on teamwork and team-based decision-making, where senior managers build teams to drive policies, products, and processes.

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IT Infrastructure

The set of physical devices and software required to operate a business, including computing platforms, telecommunications services, data management, application software, and physical facilities management.

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Mainframe Computing

Centralized computing controlled by professional programmers and operators, typically provided by a single vendor.

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Mini Computer (Minicomputer)

Decentralized computing customized for departmental needs, offering lower cost and evolving into midrange computers connected in networks.

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Personal Computer Era

The emergence of personal computers marked by the IBM PC and the introduction of Microsoft DOS and Windows operating systems.

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Client/Server Computing

A computing model where processing tasks are split between clients and servers. Clients initiate communication, while servers manage data storage, web services, and network activities.

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Enterprise Computing

Connecting disparate networks into an enterprise-wide infrastructure through TCP/IP, enabling seamless information flow within organizations and with external partners.

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Cloud Computing

Providing access to computing resources like computers, storage, applications, and services over a network, often the internet, on an as-needed basis.

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Two-Tiered Client/Server Architecture

A client computer networked to a server computer with processing tasks divided between both.

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Moore's Law

A law stating that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles approximately every two years.

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Metcalfe's Law

The phenomenon where the value or power of a network grows exponentially as the number of network members increases.

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Components of IT Infrastructure

The components of IT infrastructure that enable business operations, including hardware platforms, software platforms, data management, networking, and consulting services.

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Liability

The concept that individuals and firms can be held responsible for the harm they cause to others, allowing for compensation.

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Due process

A process that ensures laws are clear and understandable, with opportunities for individuals to challenge unfair decisions.

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Kant's Categorical Imperative

A principle that suggests an action should be taken only if it would be considered right for everyone to take it.

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Risk Aversion Principle

A principle that encourages choosing the action that produces the least harm or potential cost.

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Ethical "No Free Lunch" Rule

The assumption that nearly all tangible and intangible resources are owned by someone unless explicitly declared otherwise.

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Ethics in Information Systems

The ethical principles that guide individuals' choices and actions, especially when facing dilemmas in the digital age.

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Calm Pond Model

A model for understanding how information technology impacts society, comparing it to a rock dropped in a pond that disrupts the quiet surface with ripples of change.

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Profiling

A practice of combining data from various sources to create detailed profiles of individuals, which can have privacy implications.

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Nonobvious Relationship Awareness (NORA)

Using data analysis to uncover hidden connections between individuals, potentially aiding in identifying criminals or threats but raising privacy concerns.

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Data Collection Dilemma

The ethical tension surrounding the gathering and use of personal data, questioning how much data collection is acceptable.

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Mobile Device Growth impact

The ability to access information anytime, anywhere, using mobile devices, raising new ethical concerns about data privacy and security.

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Advances in Data Analysis Techniques

The ability to rapidly analyze large amounts of data to extract valuable insights, but also raises ethical concerns regarding data privacy, bias, and the potential for misuse.

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Networking Advances

The proliferation and ease of spreading information through networks like the internet, making ethical challenges more visible and impactful.

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Data Storage Cost Decline

The rapid decrease in data storage costs, allowing for the collection and storage of vast amounts of information, raising ethical questions about data ownership, security, and privacy.

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Fair Information Practices (FIPs)

Principles that guide the collection and use of personal information, ensuring fairness and respect for individuals. They aim to establish trust between data collectors and individuals.

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EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

A set of principles that provides a framework for protecting individuals' privacy and control over their personal information. It ensures transparency, consent, and accountability in data handling.

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Privacy Shield

A legal framework that ensures data transferred from the European Union to other countries adheres to GDPR standards, protecting citizens' privacy.

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Cookies

Small files stored on a user's computer that identify the browser and track website visits. They are used for tracking user behavior and personalized advertising.

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Web Beacons (Web Bugs)

Tiny graphics embedded in emails and web pages that monitor who is reading or visiting a site. They collect data on user behavior and can be used for advertising or security purposes.

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Spyware

Software secretly installed on a computer to monitor user actions, collect personal information, or display unwanted ads.

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Opt-Out Model

A type of privacy model where users must actively choose to opt out of data collection or sharing. It can be less protective of privacy as it requires users to be aware of their rights and actively participate in managing their data.

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Opt-In Model

A type of privacy model where users must explicitly consent to allow data collection and sharing. It provides stronger privacy protection by requiring explicit user agreement.

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Intellectual Property

A digital asset representing intangible creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary works, musical compositions, and designs. It is protected by intellectual property law and gives owners exclusive rights over their work.

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Study Notes

IT Innovations and Business Models

  • Information technology (AI) is changing relationships, hobbies, work, and other aspects of life
  • New business models (ex. Netflix) are emerging
  • E-commerce is expanding, selling services alongside goods
  • Businesses are becoming more collaborative
  • Online collaboration, business intelligence, and virtual meetings are becoming more common
  • Firms and organizations are using technology to understand customer needs better

Globalization and Interdependence

  • Internet reduces global operating costs
  • Foreign trade and outsourcing increase
  • Increased global economic interdependence
  • Requires a better understanding of global markets

Digital Firms and Business Relationships

  • Digital relationships are becoming more common
  • Digital firms can be more flexible
  • Key corporate assets are now managed digitally
  • Corporate organization and management strategies are adjusting to digital ways of working

Strategic Business Objectives

  • Firms use information systems to achieve 6 strategic objectives:
  • Operational excellence: improving efficiency
  • New products/services/business models
  • Customer/supplier intimacy: better customer relations
  • Improved decision making: accurate and timely information
  • Competitive advantage: better performance, lower costs
  • Adapting to change: for survival

Information Systems: Functions

  • Input = raw data from the organization, external environment, or other systems
  • Processing = converting data to usable information
  • Output = usable information that others can use
  • Feedback = output returned to members of the organisation to help them correct input or processing steps

Information Systems: Dimensions

  • Organizational: hierarchy, unique business processes, culture
  • Management: strategies, creativity, decision-making
  • Technology: hardware, software, infrastructure, and data management

Complementary Assets

  • Organizational assets, efficient business processes
  • Managerial assets, incentives
  • Social assets, infrastructure

Business Processes

  • Sets of activities, steps
  • May be tied to a specific functional area or can span several areas (cross-functional)

Information Systems: Types

  • Transaction processing systems (TPS): daily routine tasks
  • Management Information Systems (MIS):reports on a firm's current performance
  • Decision support systems (DSS): support non-routine decision-making (model-driven, Data-driven)
  • Executive support systems (ESS): support senior management

Enterprise Applications

  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems use a central database, connect data across multiple divisions, and improve efficiency in daily operations
  • Supply chains: materials, transformation, and distribution of products/services
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM): a system for managing interactions & data about customers
  • Knowledge Management Systems (KMS): used to collect and use an organization's knowledge

Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution

  • Rapid declines in communication costs & the rise of internet usage
  • Growth in connectivity standards
  • Moore's Law, Moore's law & microprocessor performance, and the decline in data storage costs

IT Infrastructure

  • A set of physical devices and software needed to run an enterprise
  • Includes platforms for computing, telecommunications, data management, and internet services

Internet

  • Networks of powerful servers providing services, like websites, intranets, extranets, emails, videoconferencing
  • Client/server computing: work is split between clients and servers.
  • Packet switching: slicing messages into parcels (packets) for efficient network use.
  • TCP/IP: the foundation of internet communication (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

Data Analysis and Management

  • Data warehousing, extraction of information from data, and data mining to find patterns
  • Data mining, tools to find hidden patterns
  • Text mining, extracting key elements from large unstructured text data sets
  • Web mining, discovering patterns and information from the internet

Information Systems and Ethics

  • Privacy, social change, and the distribution of power, money, and rights
  • Laws and regulations
  • Ethics

Security

  • Threats: malicious software, hardware/software failures, human error, and natural disasters
  • Policies, procedures, and technical measures are used to prevent threats and protect systems

Decision Making:

  • Intelligence = finding and understanding problems
  • Design = exploring solutions
  • Choice = selecting the best solution
  • Implementation = putting the solution into action and monitoring its success
  • Risk-aversion principle: taking the action with minimal potential cost
  • Utilitarianism: achieving the greatest overall good

Emerging Technologies:

  • Quantum computing
  • Virtualization
  • Edge computing

E-commerce

  • Ways that businesses use the internet to conduct business
  • Increased ubiquity
  • Lower costs
  • Global reach
  • Richness
  • Interactivity
  • Mobile E-commerce

Marketing

  • Advertising formats, such as search, display, video, and rich media
  • Behavioural targeting
  • Native advertising

Mobile Commerce

  • Mobile app payment systems (NFC), QR code-based payments, peer-to-peer payment systems

Business Intelligence

  • Using data to make better business decisions
  • Data from multiple sources consolidated
  • Analyze data to uncover hidden trends or patterns

Virtual Companies

  • Use networks to work with other companies
  • Don't have traditional organizational structures, physical locations.

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ITM102 Week 1-6 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts in marketing and advertising, including behavioral targeting, programmatic ad buying, and the impact of social networks. This quiz covers essential aspects of business models and customer intimacy, making it a great resource for anyone studying marketing trends and strategies.

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