Marine Fire Safety Regulations Quiz

Vertical partitions in a ship that divide the hull into watertight compartments, often referred to as 'bulkheads' or 'watertight bulkheads'. These bulkheads are designed to prevent flooding from spreading across different sections of the ship in case of damage.

These bulkheads are typically made of steel or similar strong materials and are specifically designed to withstand the pressure of water and fire.

These bulkheads are less structurally significant than the main bulkheads. They act as dividers within compartments, creating smaller spaces for accommodation or storage.

These bulkheads are constructed of fire-resistant materials like steel and are designed to prevent the passage of smoke and flames for a specific duration.

They are similar to 'A' class but are constructed of materials that can resist flame for at least 30 minutes.

These bulkheads are constructed of non-combustible materials and are designed to prevent the spread of flames, but they might not be as fireproof as 'A' or 'B' class.

These bulkheads are designed to be strong enough to withstand significant pressure and prevent the flow of smoke and flames for a specific amount of time.

They are typically made of materials such as steel and are designed with reinforcement to enhance their strength and ability to resist bending or warping.

A watertight bulkhead positioned at the forward end of the ship, designed to prevent flooding from damage in the bow region. It is placed at a specific distance from the bow to balance the need for cargo space and integrity.

A watertight bulkhead located at the stern of the ship, specifically designed to enclose the propeller shafts where they pass through the hull, preventing leaks and damage.

Watertight bulkheads enclosing machinery spaces like engine rooms and boiler rooms, ensuring protection against flooding and fire, preventing damage to vital components.

The minimum number of watertight bulkheads required depends on the ship's size, with larger vessels needing more bulkheads for increased strength and compartmentalization to improve safety.

The placement of watertight bulkheads in container ships is designed to accommodate the standard length of containers carried, optimizing cargo efficiency

Main watertight hold bulkheads can extend to the uppermost deck for added protection against flooding, except when the freeboard is measured from the second deck, in which case they can extend to that deck.

The collision bulkhead typically extends to the uppermost continuous deck, while the aft peak bulkhead might terminate at the first deck above the load waterline, ensuring watertight integrity in critical areas.

A class division is a type of fire-resistant bulkhead designed for ships that prevents the spread of fire and limits the rise of temperature on the unexposed side.

The uppermost complete deck that is exposed to the weather and sea, with permanently sealed openings.

A lower deck can be designated as the freeboard deck if it meets certain criteria, such as being continuous in a fore and aft direction and having permanently sealed openings.

They are made of non-combustible materials and must limit the average temperature rise on the unexposed side to no more than 140 degrees Celsius and a maximum of 180 degrees Celsius at any point. They have different classifications based on their fire resistance time.

If there's a recess in the freeboard deck extending to the sides, the lowest line of the exposed deck is considered the freeboard deck.

Class 'A' divisions are classified based on their fire resistance time, measured in minutes. The classes are 'A-60', 'A-30', 'A-15', and 'A-0', with 60 minutes offering the highest resistance.

They are formed by bulkheads, decks, ceilings, or linings that meet specific requirements. They must prevent the passage of flames for at least the first half hour of a standard fire test. They also have insulation requirements.

Watertight bulkheads are designed to prevent flooding and compartmentalize damaged areas in passenger ships. They should be spaced so that flooding remains localized and doesn't affect stability or sinkage.

Class 'B' divisions have different classifications based on their fire resistance time. They are categorized as 'B-15' and 'B-0', with 'B-15' offering 15 minutes of fire resistance.

Bulk carriers can obtain reduced freeboard by intentionally flooding compartments without compromising vessel safety. The spacing of watertight bulkheads is crucial for this maneuver.

The freeboard deck is the deck designated below which all bulkheads are made watertight. This helps prevent flooding from spreading throughout the vessel.

Class 'C' divisions are made of non-combustible materials. They do not have specific requirements for resisting smoke and flame or limiting temperature rise. However, they allow for combustible veneers if they meet certain requirements.

These bulkheads are used to enclose cargo, machinery spaces, and provide safety in case of a collision. They can be classified as collision bulkheads, after peak bulkheads, and others depending on their location and function.

The International Load Line Convention (1966) allows for reduced freeboard in bulk carriers if the ship can safely flood compartments without causing loss of stability or sinking.

The International Convention on Safety of Life at Sea (1974) sets strict guidelines for passenger ship safety, including watertight bulkhead spacing to minimize flooding risk.

The most important bulkhead in a ship is the collision bulkhead, located at the forward end. This bulkhead is crucial for protecting the ship in case of a collision, as the bow is often the area that sustains most impact.

Plates used to construct watertight bulkheads are arranged in horizontal strips, called strakes. This helps manage the increasing pressure of water as the depth below the bulkhead's top increases.

The thickness of the plates used to construct watertight bulkheads is directly influenced by the pressure exerted by the weight of water when one side of the bulkhead is flooded. This pressure also depends on the depth of the water above the bulkhead.

Larger bulkheads are often built in multiple parts or units for easier assembly and transport, while smaller bulkheads can be constructed as a single unit.

Vertical stiffeners are installed on transverse watertight bulkheads to increase their strength and prevent bending under pressure. The stiffeners are spaced closer together in areas with higher pressure.

Horizontal stringers are used to support vertical stiffeners on bulkheads that form the boundaries of tanks. These stringers help reduce the load on the stiffeners, allowing for smaller and lighter stiffeners.

Swedged or corrugated bulkheads are a modern design feature where the plating is pre-shaped with vertical corrugations or swedges, providing added stiffness. This eliminates the need for traditional vertical stiffeners.

Swedged or corrugated bulkheads use a uniform thickness of plating, but the actual weight can be slightly heavier than a conventional bulkhead. This is because the pre-shaped plating is thicker to account for the removal of traditional stiffeners.

A type of bulkhead that uses a corrugated pattern to increase its strength and rigidity, often found in tankers and bulk carriers. The troughs of the corrugations are spaced to provide structural support, eliminating the need for traditional stiffeners.

A type of bulkhead that uses a series of swedges, like troughs in a corrugated bulkhead, spaced to provide stiffness and eliminate the need for traditional stiffeners. This technique is often used in ship superstructure bulkheads.

A type of bulkhead that uses a series of grooves or "swedges" to distribute the weight and pressure in a tanker or ship. The spacing of the swedges is carefully calculated to provide stability and eliminate the need for more substantial stiffeners.

Corrugated bulkheads are often found in tankers and bulk carriers, as the corrugated pattern offers strength and rigidity. They are also preferred because they are easier to clean and maintain.

The boundaries of a corrugated transverse bulkhead are typically double-fillet welded directly to the ship's shell, decks, and tank top, ensuring a strong and watertight seal.

When fitting a deck to a bulkhead during the construction process, a "shelf plate" is often used. It is attached to the bulkhead, and the deck is then lap welded to the shelf plate, creating a strong and secure connection. This is done to ensure proper alignment and stability.

When a pipe passes through a corrugated bulkhead, filling pieces are added between the troughs to maintain the integrity of the bulkhead's structure and watertight integrity.

Passing pipes through watertight bulkheads is usually avoided, but sometimes it is necessary. In such cases, the pipe is flanged at the bulkhead, creating a watertight seal. This prevents water from entering the other compartments should the pipe be damaged.