39 Questions
What type of symmetry do Deuterostomes exhibit?
Bilateral symmetry
What becomes the anus in Deuterostomes?
Blastopore
Which taxon is included in Deuterostomes?
Echinoderms and chordates
What is the characteristic feature of the digestive system in Echinoderms?
Mouth on oral side, stomach in central disk
What type of nervous system do Echinoderms possess?
Simple, no brain, no ganglia
What is the main mode of locomotion in Echinoderms?
Tube feet
Which of the following is a chordate clade?
Cephalochordates (lancelets)
What is the defining characteristic of urochordates (tunicates) among chordates?
Presence of a tunic covering the body
Which group is a part of the vertebrates clade?
Mammals
What is the function of the water vascular system in Echinoderms?
Locomotion and feeding
Which of the following is a type of Echinoderm?
Sea cucumber
What is the predominant symmetry exhibited by adult Echinoderms?
Pentaradial
What characteristic do sea squirts display as larval forms?
Presence of all four features of chordates
What is a distinguishing feature of cephalochordates like lancelets?
Full-length notochord
Which group of animals has a well-developed circulatory system?
Vertebrates
What is a characteristic of lampreys?
Jawless and parasitic
How did chondrichthyans evolve their jaws?
From gill arches
What is a characteristic of ray-finned fish?
Bony skeleton
What is a distinguishing feature of amphibians' reproduction?
Reproduction in water
What characterizes amniotes?
Extra-embryonic membranes in the amniotic egg
What distinguishes reptiles' skin from other animals?
Impermeable skin covered with scales
What is a characteristic of birds' respiratory system?
Lung-like sacs for gas exchange
What is a defining feature of mammals?
Mammary glands
What distinguishes eutherians from other mammals?
Placental mammals with longer gestation periods
Which of the following is a characteristic of the nervous system in Echinoderms?
Simple, no brain, no ganglia, nerve ring around the mouth, dorsal nerve net
What is the predominant mode of locomotion in sea stars (starfish) among Echinoderms?
Tube feet
What is the distinguishing feature of urochordates (tunicates) among chordates?
Adults are sessile filter feeders with a sac-like body structure
What is a distinguishing feature of the water vascular system in Echinoderms?
It aids in movement and feeding
What is a characteristic of the digestive system in Echinoderms?
It lacks a mouth and anus
What characterizes amniotes?
They possess extra-embryonic membranes
What is the defining characteristic of urochordates (tunicates) among chordates?
They have a free-swimming adult form
What is the predominant symmetry exhibited by adult Echinoderms?
Radial symmetry
What becomes the anus in Deuterostomes?
Blastopore
What is a distinguishing feature of mammals' reproduction?
Longer gestation periods
What is a characteristic of birds' respiratory system?
Air sacs for efficient gas exchange
What is a distinguishing feature of reptiles' skin?
Impermeable skin covered with scales
What is a distinguishing feature of amphibians' reproduction?
Metamorphosis from gills to lungs
What is a characteristic of lampreys?
Have a cartilaginous skeleton
What is a distinguishing feature of cephalochordates like lancelets?
Full-length notochord and small tubular heart
Study Notes
Classification and Characteristics of Marine Animals
- Sea squirts are mostly sessile as adults and undergo metamorphosis, with larval forms displaying all four features of chordates.
- Cephalochordates, such as lancelets, have a notochord that extends the full length of their body and possess a small tubular heart.
- Vertebrates have a well-developed circulatory system, and examples include lampreys, chondrichthyans, ray-finned fish, amphibians, and amniotes, each with distinct characteristics.
- Lampreys are jawless, have a primitive cartilaginous skeleton, and mostly parasitic.
- Chondrichthyans, including sharks and rays, have evolved jaws from gill arches and possess a two-chambered heart.
- Ray-finned fish have a bony skeleton, scales for protection, and a swim bladder for buoyancy.
- Amphibians have lung-like sacs for gas exchange and reproduce in water, with some species undergoing metamorphosis from gills to lungs.
- Amniotes, which include reptiles, birds, and mammals, are characterized by extra-embryonic membranes in the amniotic egg.
- Reptiles are fully terrestrial, have impermeable skin covered with scales, and rely on external heat sources for thermoregulation.
- Birds have a remodeled body for flight, with hollow bones, modified wings, and a four-chambered heart.
- Mammals are characterized by mammary glands, hair for insulation, and sensory features such as whiskers for protection and camouflage.
- Within mammals, there are prototherians (lay eggs), marsupials (continue development in a ventral pouch), and eutherians (placental mammals with longer gestation periods).
Classification and Characteristics of Marine Animals
- Sea squirts are mostly sessile as adults and undergo metamorphosis, with larval forms displaying all four features of chordates.
- Cephalochordates, such as lancelets, have a notochord that extends the full length of their body and possess a small tubular heart.
- Vertebrates have a well-developed circulatory system, and examples include lampreys, chondrichthyans, ray-finned fish, amphibians, and amniotes, each with distinct characteristics.
- Lampreys are jawless, have a primitive cartilaginous skeleton, and mostly parasitic.
- Chondrichthyans, including sharks and rays, have evolved jaws from gill arches and possess a two-chambered heart.
- Ray-finned fish have a bony skeleton, scales for protection, and a swim bladder for buoyancy.
- Amphibians have lung-like sacs for gas exchange and reproduce in water, with some species undergoing metamorphosis from gills to lungs.
- Amniotes, which include reptiles, birds, and mammals, are characterized by extra-embryonic membranes in the amniotic egg.
- Reptiles are fully terrestrial, have impermeable skin covered with scales, and rely on external heat sources for thermoregulation.
- Birds have a remodeled body for flight, with hollow bones, modified wings, and a four-chambered heart.
- Mammals are characterized by mammary glands, hair for insulation, and sensory features such as whiskers for protection and camouflage.
- Within mammals, there are prototherians (lay eggs), marsupials (continue development in a ventral pouch), and eutherians (placental mammals with longer gestation periods).
Test your knowledge of marine animal classification and characteristics with this quiz. Explore the diverse features and traits of sea squirts, cephalochordates, vertebrates, and specific groups such as lampreys, chondrichthyans, ray-finned fish, amphibians, amniotes, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Understand the unique attributes that define each group, from skeletal structures to reproductive strategies.
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