Marie Curie: Pioneer of Radioactivity
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Questions and Answers

What crucial contribution did Marie Curie make to the field of radioactivity in 1910?

  • Discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity.
  • Developed the first Geiger counter.
  • Invented the X-ray machine.
  • Successfully isolated pure radium. (correct)

    • For what specific achievement did Marie Curie receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911?

  • Sharing X-ray technology and usage
  • Developing the theory of radioactivity.
  • Isolating and characterizing radium. (correct)
  • Discovering the element uranium.
  • Inventing the mobile X-ray unit.

    • Who is credited with the initial discovery of natural radioactivity?

  • Pierre Curie
  • Antoine Henri Becquerel (correct)
  • Irène Joliot-Curie
  • Marie Curie

    • What term did Marie Curie introduce to describe the emission of energy from disintegrating atoms?

    <p>Radioactivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Marie Curie primarily fund the creation of mobile X-ray units during World War I?

    <p>Proceeds from her Nobel Prize (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What innovative medical application did Marie Curie pioneer using radium?

    <p>Cancer treatment research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the approximate cost of one gram of radium in 1921?

    <p>$100,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Marie Curie meet her future husband, Pierre Curie?

    <p>1894 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific health issue led to Marie Curie's death?

    <p>Aplastic anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inherent characteristic of radioactive substances makes them dangerous?

    <p>Their penetrating power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Antoine Henri Becquerel

    Discovered natural radioactivity in 1896 and identified uranium's radiation.

    Radioactivity

    Release of energy when atoms disintegrate, coined by Marie Curie.

    Nobel Prize in Chemistry

    Awarded to Marie Curie in 1911 for her work on radium.

    Mobile X-ray units

    ‘Petites Curies’ funded by Marie Curie during WWI for scanning soldiers.

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    Curie Foundation

    Established by Marie Curie after WWI to support cancer research.

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    Radium

    A radioactive element isolated by Marie Curie in 1910, used in cancer treatment.

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    Penetrating power

    The ability of rays from radioactive substances to pass through materials, making them dangerous.

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    Aplastic anemia

    Bone marrow disease that led to Marie Curie’s death, likely from radiation exposure.

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    Pierre Curie

    Marie Curie's husband and research partner; collaborated on radioactivity.

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    Becquerel

    Unit of radioactivity named after Antoine Henri Becquerel.

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    Study Notes

    Marie Curie: Pioneer of Radioactivity

    • Henri Becquerel discovered natural radioactivity in 1896, observing uranium emitting radioactive particles.
    • Marie Curie, following this discovery, isolated pure radium in 1910, winning a Nobel Prize in chemistry for this work in 1911.
    • She coined the term "radioactivity" describing energy release from atom disintegration.
    • Curie was unaware of the dangers of radioactive substances, handling samples and storing them, leading to radiation sickness.

    Curie's Contributions During World War I

    • Curie used her Nobel Prize money to create mobile X-ray units ("Petites Curies") for wounded soldiers in World War 1.
    • Curie and her daughter, Irène, assisted in treating the wounded using X-rays
    • Curie established the Curie Foundation, pioneering cancer research using radium.

    Dangers of Radioactivity

    • Marie Curie's work on radioactivity, while groundbreaking, led to her developing radiation sickness.
    • Prolonged exposure to radiation ultimately caused her death at age 66 from aplastic anemia.
    • The medical dangers of too much radiation were highlighted during her research.

    Cost of Radium

    • One gram of radium cost $100,000 in 1921.

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    Description

    Explore the remarkable contributions of Marie Curie to the field of radioactivity and her groundbreaking discoveries that earned her Nobel Prizes. Learn about her innovative use of X-ray technology during World War I and the serious health risks she faced. Delve into her legacy in cancer research and the scientific advancements that followed her work.

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