Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are some common adverse effects of lithium?
What are some common adverse effects of lithium?
headache, dry mouth, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, GI distress, fine hand tremor, dizziness, fatigue, dermatologic reactions, sedation
How is lithium eliminated from the body?
How is lithium eliminated from the body?
renally
Which drugs have been approved as mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?
Which drugs have been approved as mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?
carbamazepine, valproic acid, lamotrigine
What physical symptoms are similar in severe anxiety and fear?
What physical symptoms are similar in severe anxiety and fear?
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Name some of the newer antipsychotics used for the management of mania.
Name some of the newer antipsychotics used for the management of mania.
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Study Notes
Lithium and its Effects
- Common adverse effects of lithium include gastrointestinal issues (nausea, diarrhea), tremors, weight gain, and potential kidney damage.
- It may also affect thyroid function, leading to hypothyroidism or goiter in some patients.
- Monitoring of lithium serum levels is crucial to avoid toxicity, with signs including confusion, ataxia, and renal impairment.
Elimination of Lithium
- Lithium is primarily eliminated from the body through renal clearance, meaning it is excreted via urine.
- Its half-life can vary based on hydration status and renal function, typically ranging from 18 to 36 hours in healthy individuals.
Mood Stabilizers for Bipolar Disorder
- Several drugs have been approved as mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder, including:
- Lithium
- Valproate (Divalproex sodium)
- Lamotrigine
- Carbamazepine
- Atypical antipsychotics like quetiapine and olanzapine can also be used in the management of bipolar mood episodes.
Symptoms of Severe Anxiety and Fear
- Physical symptoms that are similar in both severe anxiety and fear include:
- Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
- Elevated blood pressure
- Sweating and trembling
- Shortness of breath and a sensation of choking
- Gastrointestinal distress
Newer Antipsychotics for Mania
- Newer antipsychotics approved for the management of mania include:
- Lurasidone
- Aripiprazole
- Risperidone
- Ziprasidone
- These medications are often used for their efficacy and generally milder side effect profiles compared to traditional antipsychotics.
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Description
Learn about the potential side effects of MAOIs and the use of lithium as a treatment for mania and hypomania. Understand the common adverse effects of lithium and the precautions to take when dosing this drug for renally impaired patients.
