Manufacturing Technology 1 - Basic Concepts

The main movement of a machine tool or manual operation that brings the cutting tool close to the workpiece. It's responsible for initiating the machining process.

The secondary movement of a machine tool, usually relative to the workpiece, which removes material in a continuous, repeated motion, resulting in a machined surface with a specific shape.

The speed at which the cutting tool moves relative to the workpiece in the direction of the cut, expressed in meters per minute (m/min). It's often represented by 'v'.

The formula to calculate cutting speed (v) for turning, drilling, and milling: v = (πDN) / 1000, where D represents the diameter of the workpiece (in turning) or the cutting tool (in millimeters), and N is the rotational speed in revolutions per minute.

The amount of material that is removed by the cutting tool in a single pass. It's a measure of the depth of cut and the feed rate.

The speed at which the cutting tool or the workpiece moves along the cutting path. It's often expressed in millimeters per revolution (mm/rev) or millimeters per minute (mm/min).

The area of the cutting tool that comes into contact with the workpiece. It determines the amount of material removed at a time.

The shape, size, and configuration of the cutting edge of the tool. It significantly affects the quality, efficiency, and type of machining operation that can be performed.

The time it takes for a cutting tool to complete one full back and forth movement.

The number of back and forth movements a cutting tool makes in one minute.

The distance the workpiece moves for each revolution of the cutting tool during turning and drilling, or for each stroke during shaping.

The distance the cutting tool moves into the workpiece for each tooth.

The rate at which the workpiece moves during machining, expressed in millimeters per minute (mm/min).

The angle between the cutting edge and the workpiece surface that helps facilitate chip formation.

The angle between the tool flank and the workpiece surface that reduces friction and energy required for cutting.

The distance the tool nose moves perpendicular to the workpiece surface during cutting.

The process of removing material from a workpiece using a cutting tool.

A wedge-shaped tool used to remove material from a workpiece.

The time taken to complete a single cutting stroke, determined by the stroke length and cutting speed.

The time taken for the tool to return to its starting position after a cutting stroke, influenced by the stroke length and rapid return speed.

The ratio of the time taken for the return stroke to the time taken for the cutting stroke, always less than 1.

The speed at which the tool returns to its starting position after a cutting stroke. It's typically greater than the cutting speed to minimize idle time.

The formula to calculate cutting speed (v) in shaping operations, considering stroke length (L), reciprocation speed (N), and rapid return speed (vr).

The length of the cutting stroke, the distance the tool travels during a single cutting action, measured in millimeters (mm).

The number of cutting strokes per minute, determining the overall frequency of the cutting action.

The time consumed by a single cutting stroke and the time consumed by a single return stroke. It's crucial for optimizing shaping processes.

The time spent between the end of a return stroke and the start of the next cutting stroke. Ideally, this time should be minimized for efficiency.

The process of transforming raw materials into finished products through various techniques.

The secondary movement of a cutting tool or workpiece that removes material in a continuous, repeated motion, creating a machined surface.

The material removed during machining, typically in the form of small chips or shavings.