Mandibular Second Premolar
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Questions and Answers

At what age is the root of the mandibular second premolar completed?

  • 15-16 years
  • 13-14 years (correct)
  • 17-18 years
  • 11-12 years

    • What is the most common type of mandibular second premolar?

  • Three-cusp type (correct)
  • Five-cusp type
  • Two-cusp type
  • Four-cusp type

    • What is a characteristic of the buccal cusp of the mandibular second premolar compared to the first premolar?

  • It is longer
  • It is more pointed
  • It is more rounded
  • It is shorter (correct)

    • What is a characteristic of the crown of the mandibular second premolar compared to the first premolar?

    <p>It is shorter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the cervical line of the mandibular second premolar compared to the first premolar?

    <p>It is less curved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the root of the mandibular second premolar compared to the lower four?

    <p>It is broader mesiodistally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the lingual cusp or cusps of the mandibular second premolar compared to the lower four?

    <p>They are more developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the root apex of the mandibular second premolar?

    <p>It is more blunt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of the b-Two-cusp type mandibular second premolar?

    <p>It has a rounded shape lingual to the buccal cusp ridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the occlusal outline in a three-cusp type lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>Square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be seen in the mesial and distal fossae of the b-Two-cusp type mandibular second premolar?

    <p>Roughly circular depressions with supplemental grooves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the lingual cusp in the two-cusp type lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>It is smaller than the buccal cusp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the pulp cavity of the permanent mandibular second premolar?

    <p>The pulp horns are prominent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the long mesial groove in a three-cusp type lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>Mesio-buccal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the apical foramen of the permanent mandibular second premolar?

    <p>It appears to exit at the apex in the majority of cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many developmental grooves are present on the occlusal surface of a three-cusp type lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an anomaly of the mandibular premolars?

    <p>Macrodontia of mandibular second premolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the root apex of the lower mandibular second premolar from the mesial aspect?

    <p>It is blunt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dens evaginatus?

    <p>An outgrowth on the crown of a tooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be seen from the distal aspect of the lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>Most of the occlusal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be seen in the cervical cross-section of the mandibular second premolar?

    <p>A rectangular oval or triangular outline form of the root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the lingual portion of the root of the lower mandibular second premolar?

    <p>It is convex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in the lingual cusps of the lower mandibular second premolar from the distal aspect?

    <p>The distolingual cusp is smaller than the mesiolingual cusp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the mandibular second premolar compared to the mandibular first premolar?

    <p>It has a larger crown and root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mandibular Second Premolar

    • Erupts between 11-12 years, with roots completed between 13-14 years.

    Buccal Aspect

    • Resembles mandibular first premolar, but with differences:
    • Buccal cusp is shorter
    • Contact areas are broader and appear higher due to short buccal cusp
    • Mesio-buccal and disto-buccal cusp ridges are less steep, more rounded
    • Crown is shorter overall, wider in cervical third than mandibular first premolar
    • Buccal ridge is not well developed
    • Cervical line is less curved
    • Root is broader mesiodistally, with a more blunt apex

    Lingual Aspect

    • Lingual cusp(s) are well developed, longer than those of mandibular first premolar
    • In the three-cusp type:
    • Mesiolingual cusp is larger and longer than the distolingual cusp
    • Short lingual groove extends occlusolingually between the two cusps
    • In the two-cusp type, the lingual cusp is smaller, with no developmental groove
    • Lingual portion of the root is smoothly convex for most of its length

    Mesial Aspect

    • Crown and root are wider buccolingually compared to mandibular first premolar
    • Buccal cusp is shorter
    • Lingual cusp is more developed
    • Root is longer, with a more blunt apex

    Distal Aspect

    • Similar to mesial aspect, except:
    • Most of the occlusal surface can be seen from this aspect
    • Distal marginal ridge is lower than the mesial marginal ridge
    • Disto-lingual cusp is usually smaller and shorter than the mesio-lingual cusp (three-cusp type)

    Occlusal Aspect

    • Three-cusp type:
    • Occlusal outline is square in shape
    • Three cusps are well developed, with the buccal cusp being the largest
    • Central fossa has a central pit, with three developmental grooves radiating from it
    • Mesial and distal grooves extend to the marginal ridges
    • Two-cusp type:
    • Occlusal surface is rounded in shape, lingual to the buccal cusp ridges
    • Mesiolingual and distolingual line angles are rounded
    • Central developmental groove ends in the center of the mesial and distal fossae
    • Mesial and distal fossae are roughly circular depressions with supplemental grooves

    Pulp Cavity

    • A. Buccolingual Section:
    • Mandibular second premolar has a larger crown and root than the first premolar
    • Pulp horns are more prominent, with the lingual pulp horn present more often
    • Pulp chambers gently taper into the pulp canal
    • Apical foramen may appear to exit at the apex
    • B. Mesiodistal Section:
    • Similar to mandibular first premolar, but with slightly larger overall dimensions
    • Pulp horns are prominent, and the pulp chamber and root canal gently taper toward the apex
    • Apical foramen appears to exit at the tip of the root in most cases
    • C. Cervical Cross Section:
    • Root outline is rectangular, oval, or triangular in shape

    Anomalous Mandibular Premolars

    • Mandibular first premolar with three distinct, separate roots
    • Mandibular second premolar with a C-shaped root canal system
    • Macrodontia of mandibular second premolar
    • Dens evaginatus (outgrowth on the crown of a tooth)

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    Related Documents

    Dental Anatomy: Mandibular Second Premolar PDF

    Description

    Eruption and root completion timeline of mandibular second premolar, its resemblance to mandibular first premolar, and its types.

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