Management Theories: Application & Outcomes

BUS 330 Management Theory Overview

• BUS330: Management Theory is a 2-credit unit compulsory course for masters' level students in Business Administration in the Faculty of Management Sciences.
• The course covers the aims, objectives, components of course material, study unit arrangements, assignments, and examinations.

Development of Management Theory

• Management theory has evolved through various stages due to societal changes and the pursuit of perfection.
• Early human societies focused on security and defense.
• Post-revolutionary France concentrated on maintaining order in business.
• The industrial revolution in the 17th and 18th centuries dramatically changed business administration and production.
• Contemporary scholars are conceptualizing new explanations for business administration, leading to different schools of thought.
• These schools address production problems and goal realization, identified by scholars as impediments to productivity and efficiency.

Core Concepts

• Management theories center on techniques and methods for production in organizations.
• They incorporate management techniques, industrial psychology, organizational behavior, and administrative socialization.
• Proper administrative techniques enable organizations to achieve goals.
• Theories seek efficient, cost-effective goal realization.

Schools of Thought

• Principles of Management by Henri Fayol.
• Scientific Management by Fredrick Taylor & Co.
• Bureaucracy by Max Weber.
• These theories significantly contributed to modern business administration through research, experiments, and practical experiences.

Course Aim

• The course aims to teach Management Theory and its practical applications in organizations.
• Key information covered including basic concepts, theory types(Scientific, Classical, Neo-Classical, Modern), motivation, decision-making, and behavioral aspects.

Course Objectives

• Appreciate the uses and importance of Management Theories.
• Enable application of theories to achieve organizational results.
• Understand organizational politics within theoretical contexts..
• Familiarity with Nigerian environment applications.
• Conversant with principles within theories.
• Obtain mastery of application procedures.

Study Units Breakdown

Module 1: Administration, Management, and Theory Concepts.

• Concepts of Administration and Management.
• Concept of Theory.

Module 2: Scientific and Classical Management Theory

• Early Administration and Management Development.
• Scientific Management.
• Main Classical Thinkers (Henry Fayol, Urwick, Luther Gulick).
• Bureaucratic Theory.

Module 3: Neo-Classical or Human Relations Theory.

• The Hawthorn Experiment and Other Contributors.
• Administrative Leadership Theory.
• Decision-Making Theory.
• Communication in Organizations.
• Organizational Conflict.

Module 4: Modern Theories of Management

• Behaviourism and Motivation.
• Other Motivation Theories.
• Systems Theory, Contingency Theory, and New Public Management.
• Management by Objectives (MBO).

Course Material

• Includes a Course Guide, Study Units, Self-Assessment Exercises, Tutor-Marked Assignments, and References.

Assignments

• Each course unit includes a self-assessment exercise.

Tutor-Marked Assignments

• Designed to assess understanding and application of concepts.
• Assignments contribute 30% to overall score.

Final Examination

• Worth 70% of the total course score.

Course Summary

• BUS330 Management Theory is good for improving administration and organizations in both the public and private sectors.
• Successful course completion enhances knowledge of administrative theories and principles.

Concepts of Administration and Management (Study unit 1)

• Basic understanding of administration is changing.
• Today, clear thinking and people skills are more important than technical competence.
• Essential qualities for leaders are being open-minded and thinking flexibly.
• The study of administration is universally useful to administrators, managers, lawyers, doctors, engineers, regardless of discipline..
• Drawing yourself toward administration happens by interaction with individuals and groups.
• Management theory and Organization Theory are related terms.
• Organization theory explains and prescribes organization structure.
• Management theory explains and prescribes (improves) the job of the manager.
• Organization Theory is a sub-set, a part of Management theory.

Administration

• Evolving into cohesive and defined field of study.
• End-result with general principals to explain phenomena.
• Explains, forecasts, hence more precise, scope better.
• Reasonable sample size.

Course Objectives

• Grab the ideas of administration, management
• Understand its qualities
• Grasp the rules of management
• Knowledge management as system

Concept Origin

• "Administer", derived from Latin, means care for, manage affairs.
• Universal, cooperative, realizing goal, public, private, civil, military, large scale.
• Prof. Dwight Waldo's term; organization and management material achieve stated objective.
• Public oriented, it refers to civil management
• Is umbrella covering organization and management.
• Organization refers to structure, skeleton, anatomy,. while management as the process

Concept Confusion

• The term 'administration' has different meaning contextually,
• First, a synonym of the word 'cabinet' or some other body of persons in supreme charge of affair
• Second, the name of a branch of learning or intellectual discipline such as social studies
• Third, activities to implement civil policy,
• Fouth, ability of management

The Two Views

• Dismissing the first (as before), we are left with the remaining three on its nature depending on the activity.
• 'Integral; a sum-total or complex by realizing the objective
• Managerial views as just concerned with management in a purposeful pursuit
• "administrator", the term enshrines this shade to charge management
• In a hypothetical enterprise, every person or not, are admin or not.

Time spent chart

• Table 1. illustrates Time Spent in Administrative Activities According to Job Grade.
• Workman = 5 administrative% 10% Other managerial activities and 85% Technical abilities
• Foreman = 15 administrative% 25% Other managerial activities and 60% Technical abilities
• Shop manager = 25 administrative% 30% Other managerial activities and 45% Technical abilities
• Departmental Head = 35 administrative% 35% Other managerial activities and 30% Technical abilities
• Plant Manager = 40 administrative% 45% Other managerial activities and 15% Technical abilities

Qualities of Administration

• Coordination over Expertise.
• Constant improvement and Improvements.
• Focus on functions over specifics.
• Exercise control with Leadership

Control in Administration

• Includes informing of progress
• Understanding tendencies, predict results
• Knows when and how action initiates
• Not preventing, restricting, or acting all actions
• Not obtaining others approval, or not stating policy
• Uses policy to guide actions, when to take decisions
• Delegated well, works makes workers know he can decide without displeasure

Characteristics of Administration

• In broader terms, Administration is considered the organization and management of human and material resources to achieve a stated goal
• It is the "cabinet", sum for activities
• It refers direction to controlling resources
• Essential qualities include cooperation, finding better practices, performing functions, and management.

Concept - Management

Several meanings linked, such as:

• As refreing to group
• as process demanding performance function.
• Management as an academic, its the science or act managing with a focus getting others done.

Main Takeaways

• Definition states coordination organizational resources planning, organizing, directing, controlling, attain objectives.
• Organization's goal management which process goals attains.

Origin and Science

• Art is pattern on vision, on many parts together.
• Need technical, conceptual
• Knowledge, skill together
• Depends judgement, not scientific measurement

Explore the relationship between management theories and organizational outcomes. Understand the role of organizational politics and cross-cultural application. Discover the benefits of mastering and applying management theory principles.