Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main cause of TRALI (transfusion-related acute lung injury)?
What is the main cause of TRALI (transfusion-related acute lung injury)?
- Antibodies in previously alloimmunized recipients reacting with granulocytes in the donor unit (correct)
- Infusion of response modifiers like cytokines in platelet concentrate
- Interaction between leukocyte specific antigens on transfused leukocytes and antibodies in recipients
- Reaction between platelets in the donor unit and cytokines in the recipient's blood
Why is it not routine to identify antibodies causing febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Why is it not routine to identify antibodies causing febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions?
- Difficulty in demonstrating their presence in vitro (correct)
- Presence of hemolysis makes antibody identification challenging
- These antibodies are not present in vitro
- Antibodies are only present post-transfusion
Which population is most susceptible to experiencing acute hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Which population is most susceptible to experiencing acute hemolytic transfusion reactions?
- Children under the age of 5
- Multiparous women and multiple transfused patients (correct)
- Adult males who have never received a transfusion
- Individuals with O- blood type
What is the recommended treatment for managing Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions?
What is the recommended treatment for managing Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions?
Why is acetaminophen preferred over aspirin for treating Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions?
Why is acetaminophen preferred over aspirin for treating Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions?
What is believed to cause urticarial reactions in Allergic Transfusion Reactions?
What is believed to cause urticarial reactions in Allergic Transfusion Reactions?
What is the primary purpose of the tests outlined in the text?
What is the primary purpose of the tests outlined in the text?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a major cause of transfusion-associated fatalities?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a major cause of transfusion-associated fatalities?
Which reaction is characterized by respiratory issues like wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and cyanosis?
Which reaction is characterized by respiratory issues like wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and cyanosis?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a non-infectious transfusion reaction?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a non-infectious transfusion reaction?
Which of the following reactions involve hemolysis?
Which of the following reactions involve hemolysis?
Which of the following statements about reporting transfusion reactions is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about reporting transfusion reactions is TRUE?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of an anaphylactic transfusion reaction?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of an anaphylactic transfusion reaction?
What is the recommended management for a patient experiencing Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
What is the recommended management for a patient experiencing Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
Which of the following is a potential cause of Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
Which of the following is a potential cause of Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
What is the recommended prevention strategy for Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
What is the recommended prevention strategy for Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
Which of the following is a potential cause of bacterial contamination in a blood component?
Which of the following is a potential cause of bacterial contamination in a blood component?
What is the recommended management for a patient experiencing a bacterial contamination reaction?
What is the recommended management for a patient experiencing a bacterial contamination reaction?
Which of the following is a potential complication of non-immune hemolysis during a transfusion?
Which of the following is a potential complication of non-immune hemolysis during a transfusion?
What is the recommended preventive measure for patients experiencing recurrent urticarial reactions during transfusions?
What is the recommended preventive measure for patients experiencing recurrent urticarial reactions during transfusions?
Which of the following is a recommended step when investigating a suspected bacterial contamination reaction?
Which of the following is a recommended step when investigating a suspected bacterial contamination reaction?
Which of the following is a potential cause of cardiac arrhythmia during a non-immune hemolysis reaction?
Which of the following is a potential cause of cardiac arrhythmia during a non-immune hemolysis reaction?
Study Notes
- Management of allergic reactions during transfusion includes stopping the transfusion for mild urticarial reactions, maintaining IV access, and administering antihistamines orally or intramuscularly.
- More severe allergic reactions require discontinuing the transfusion and providing aggressive treatment such as epinephrine, oxygen, and intubation.
- Patients with recurrent urticarial reactions can be pre-treated with antihistamines before transfusion.
- Anaphylactic transfusion reaction is the most severe form of allergic reaction, characterized by rapid and life-threatening symptoms like skin flushing, hypotension, shock, and cardiac arrest.
- Management of anaphylactic transfusion reactions involves discontinuing the transfusion, maintaining IV access, treating hypotension, and administering epinephrine.
- IgA deficient donors may contribute to anaphylactic transfusion reactions, and products from IgA deficient donors are recommended for prevention in susceptible patients.
- Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is characterized by acute respiratory insufficiency post-transfusion, often accompanied by chills, fever, and hypotension.
- Management of TRALI includes immediate discontinuation of the transfusion and providing respiratory support to the patient.
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Description
Learn about the management of allergic reactions in the context of blood transfusions. This includes steps to take for mild urticarial reactions and more severe cases, as well as the appropriate use of antihistamines.