135 Questions
Which of the following is a common medical use of atropine?
Treatment of bradycardia
What is the primary mechanism of action of atropine?
Blocking of acetylcholine receptors
Which of the following conditions would be least likely to benefit from atropine administration?
Peptic ulcer disease
Which of the following is a contraindication for atropine administration?
Glaucoma
Which of the following effects is commonly associated with anticholinergic drugs like atropine?
Dry mouth
In which of the following conditions should atropine be used with caution?
Hyperthyroidism
Which of the following is a potential side effect of ferrous sulfate replacement therapy?
Constipation
What is the role of vitamin K in iron replacement therapy?
Reduces iron absorption
Which of the following complications is associated with iron replacement therapy?
Hemosiderosis
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of inhaled glucocorticoids?
Oral thrush
What is a contraindication for the use of IV glucocorticoids in status asthmaticus?
Active tuberculosis
What should be included in patient teaching regarding albuterol use?
Avoid excessive use to prevent rebound bronchoconstriction
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of inhaled glucocorticoids?
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
In which form of glucocorticoid administration is a contraindication for patients with systemic fungal infections most relevant?
Inhaled
What is a common adverse effect that requires patient teaching for individuals using albuterol?
Tremors
What action should be taken if the heart rate increases by 25 bpm while taking albuterol?
Notify the health care provider
If a patient's heart rate increases by 35 bpm while on albuterol, what should be done?
Seek immediate medical attention
What is the appropriate response if the heart rate increases by 15 bpm while on albuterol?
Monitor closely and notify the health care provider if it continues to rise
What should patients on albuterol avoid?
High doses of caffeine
What are the angiotensin receptor blocker medications?
Losartan and Valsartan
What are the nursing interventions for angiotensin receptor blockers?
Monitoring for signs of hyperkalemia
What should patients on albuterol avoid?
Avoid high-potassium foods
What are the angiotensin receptor blocker medications?
Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan
What are the nursing interventions for angiotensin receptor blockers?
Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia
What should patients on albuterol avoid?
Avoid excessive use of over-the-counter cold medications
Which of the following is an angiotensin receptor blocker medication?
Losartan
What are the nursing interventions for angiotensin receptor blockers?
Monitor blood pressure and potassium levels
When should angiotensin receptor blockers be taken?
At any time of the day, regardless of meals
What is an adverse effect commonly associated with angiotensin receptor blockers?
Hyperkalemia
What should be monitored for patients taking angiotensin receptor blockers?
Kidney function and potassium levels
When should nitroglycerin be taken?
At the onset of chest pain
What is the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin?
Dilating blood vessels
What are the nursing actions of nitroglycerin transdermal patches?
Rotate application sites
What is the primary mechanism of action of nitroglycerin?
Vasodilation of coronary arteries
When should nitroglycerin be taken?
At the onset of chest pain
What is a common medical use of atropine?
Treatment of bradycardia
What is the recommended action before calling 9-1-1 when taking nitroglycerin?
Take three doses of nitroglycerin
What form is nitroglycerin typically available in?
Tablet form
What is a contraindication for nitroglycerin use?
Severe anemia
What is the recommended action before calling 9-1-1 when taking nitroglycerin?
Take three doses of nitroglycerin
In what form is nitroglycerin commonly available?
Tablet form
What are the contraindications for nitroglycerin use?
Hypotension and use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Which of the following is a common symptom of Meniere’s disease?
Tinnitus
What is a potential trigger for Meniere’s disease?
Loud noises
Which of the following is a common medication used in the treatment of Meniere’s disease?
Antipsychotics
Which of the following is a common symptom of pyelonephritis?
Dysuria
What is a key component of education to prevent UTIs?
Reducing caffeine intake
Which of the following is a sign of pyelonephritis?
CVA tenderness
Which of the following is a precursor to osteoporosis?
Osteopenia
What is a potential risk associated with osteoporosis?
Fractures
What is a common treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Antibiotics
What is the best form of vitamin D for preventing osteoporosis?
Sunlight exposure
Which group of women is at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis?
Caucasian women
What is the primary purpose of DEXA scans in relation to osteoporosis?
To measure bone density
What is the primary cause of osteoporosis?
Greater osteoclast activity than osteoblast activity
Who is at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis?
Postmenopausal women
What diagnostic tests are recommended for diagnosing osteoporosis?
Vitamin D and calcium levels
Which of the following is a key factor to look for in diagnosing osteoporosis?
Hematocrit
What nutrient should be considered in diagnosing osteoporosis?
Vitamin D
Which of the following is a relevant diagnostic indicator for osteoporosis?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Which of the following is true about bisphosphonates?
They are prescribed for osteoporosis
What is the primary effect of bisphosphonates?
Inhibit osteoclast activity
Which condition are bisphosphonates commonly prescribed for?
Osteoporosis
Which of the following are signs and symptoms associated with osteoporosis?
Bone pain, frequent fractures, loss of height
What are the common laboratory findings associated with osteomyelitis?
High white blood cell count, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased C-reactive protein
In which patients is osteomyelitis most common?
Patients with diabetes mellitus
Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with osteomyelitis?
Fever and tenderness at the site
What is the gold standard for osteomyelitis diagnosis?
Bone biopsy
What type of bones are most commonly affected by osteomyelitis?
Long bones
Which of the following are signs and symptoms associated with osteomyelitis?
Nausea, tenderness, warmth at the site
What is the primary medication prescribed for osteomyelitis?
Antibiotics
When assessing a patient with osteomyelitis, what should be ensured through a neurological assessment?
Adequate blood flow
What is the preferred medication for treating Paget's disease?
Zoledronic acid IV
What is the primary treatment for nerve pain associated with Paget's disease?
Opioids
What is the primary effect of calcitonin in the treatment of Paget's disease?
Decreases osteoclast activity
What is the recommended treatment for osteomyelitis if MRSA is suspected?
Vancomycin
What should patients post total hip or total knee replacement surgeries avoid for 2-3 months post-surgery?
Hip flexion less than 90 degrees
What is the recommended therapy for treating and preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism?
Low molecular weight heparin
What is the primary action patients following hip fracture surgery should take within 6 hours of their surgery?
Begin walking from bed to chair
What should be considered before giving antibiotics to patients?
Kidney function
What is the preferred medication for treating Paget's disease?
Zoledronic acid IV infusion
What is the initial treatment for nerve pain associated with Paget's disease?
Gabapentin
What is a common symptom experienced by patients with Paget's disease?
Pain that worsens at night
What is the recommended treatment for osteomyelitis unless MRSA is suspected?
Penicillin
Which factor increases the risk of developing cataracts?
Long-term exposure to UV light
Who is at a higher risk of developing cataracts?
African American and Hispanic descent individuals
What increases a patient's risk of developing cataracts?
History of previous eye issues
Which of the following factors increases a patient's risk of developing cataracts?
Diabetes mellitus
What is a known risk factor for developing cataracts?
Steroid use
Which condition increases a patient's risk of developing cataracts?
Previous eye issues
Which of the following is a sign or symptom associated with cataracts?
Difficulty seeing at night
Which vision problem is commonly associated with cataracts?
Halos around lights
What is a common visual experience for someone with cataracts?
Fading or yellowing of colors
Which of the following is a sign or symptom associated with cataracts?
Difficulty seeing at night
What is a common visual experience for someone with cataracts?
Seeing halos around lights
Which of the following is a sign and symptom associated with osteomyelitis?
Localized warmth and swelling over the affected bone
What should patients post cataract surgery do to prevent constipation?
Increase fiber intake
What is a risk factor associated with developing glaucoma?
Prolonged corticosteroid use
What is a sign and symptom of acute angle glaucoma?
Nausea and vomiting
What position should patients be placed in after cataract surgery?
Head of the bed elevated 30-45 degrees
Which group is at risk of developing glaucoma?
Those with prolonged corticosteroid use
What is a common sign of acute angle glaucoma?
Redness of the eye
What is a potential risk factor for developing glaucoma?
Family history of glaucoma
What is a common sign or symptom associated with acute angle glaucoma?
Sudden onset of visual problems
What is a recommended post-operative precaution for patients after cataract surgery?
Wearing protective sunglasses in sunlight
Which type of macular degeneration is characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina?
Wet macular degeneration
Which type of macular degeneration is more common but progresses more slowly?
Dry macular degeneration
Which type of macular degeneration is associated with the thinning and atrophy of the macula?
Dry macular degeneration
Which type of macular degeneration involves a quick loss of central vision?
Wet macular degeneration
What is a common symptom of dry macular degeneration?
Peripheral vision loss
Which type of vision difficulty is associated with wet macular degeneration?
Blurred central vision
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of macular degeneration?
Seeing straight lines that appear distorted
What is a common visual difficulty associated with macular degeneration?
Tunnel vision
Which of the following is a sign of macular degeneration affecting color perception?
Diminished or changed color perception
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of corneal abrasions?
Blurred vision, halos around lights, and eye pain
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of vertigo?
Sensation of spinning, light-headedness, and hearing loss
What is the clinical triad of Meniere's disease?
Tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss
Which of the following is a characteristic clinical triad of Meniere's disease?
Tinnitus, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss
What is the initial treatment for acute vertigo associated with Meniere's disease?
Meclizine
Which of the following is a common dietary recommendation for managing Meniere's disease?
Low-sodium diet
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of amiodarone?
Hypothyroidism
What is the key difference in the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?
Immediate administration of fibrinolytics in STEMI
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of amiodarone therapy that is particularly concerning in the context of coronary artery disease?
QT interval prolongation
What is the normal range for hematocrit levels in adult males?
40-50%
What are the normal arterial blood gas (ABG) values for pH in the body?
7.35-7.45
What is the normal range for hematocrit levels in adult females?
35-45%
What is a common symptom of respiratory alkalosis?
Hyperventilation
What is the primary compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?
Increased bicarbonate reabsorption
What is the characteristic breathing pattern associated with metabolic acidosis?
Kussmaul breathing
What is the average hemoglobin value for adult females?
12-16 g/dL
What is the average hemoglobin value for adult males?
14-18 g/dL
What is the typical hemoglobin range for both adult males and females?
10-18 g/dL
What causes hemolytic transfusion reactions?
Mismatched blood transfusion
What causes a febrile transfusion reaction?
Hypersensitivity to leukocytes in the donor blood
What causes an allergic transfusion reaction?
Hypersensitivity to donor plasma proteins
Test your knowledge of atropine with this quiz. Explore its common medical uses, primary mechanism of action, and conditions that are least likely to benefit from atropine administration.
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