Management Fundamentals Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a defining criterion for a discipline?

  • Communication through research and publications (correct)
  • Inclusion of every profession
  • Establishment of a cause-and-effect relationship
  • Practical application of skills

Management is considered a discipline because it effectively addresses the two criteria outlined in the definition of a discipline.

True (A)

Name the three types of managers mentioned.

Patrimonial/Family, Professional, Political/Civil Servants

Management as a ______ establishes a cause-and-effect relationship between variables.

<p>Science</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following management types with their definitions:

<p>Patrimonial/Family = Managers who are owners or relatives of owners Professional = Managers appointed due to expertise Political/Civil Servants = Managers in charge of public-sector projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of art mentioned in the content?

<p>Popularity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Every artist strives to create something that has never existed before.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do managers utilize to promote an organization's growth?

<p>Resources such as men, money, materials, machinery, and methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Management is both an art and a _________ because it requires skills as well as knowledge.

<p>science</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with their descriptions:

<p>Knowledge = Understanding various principles Skill = Individual style and approach Innovation = Creating something new Practice = Improving through consistent effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quality differentiates renowned painters from ordinary ones?

<p>Unique style (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective management does not require creativity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between theory and practice in management as described in the content?

<p>The application of theoretical principles through practice leads to better management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Management Theory'?

<p>Henry Fayol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The contingency approach focuses more on structure and authority in organizations.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Systems Theory in management?

<p>Understanding the connections between various parts of the organization and how they interact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Henri Fayol, division of work improves product quality and increases worker __________.

<p>productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the fourteen principles of management proposed by Henri Fayol?

<p>Discipline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Authority in management creates accountability for the work done under supervision.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shift does the contingency approach represent in modern management?

<p>A shift from structure and authority to a focus on people and relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following management principles with their descriptions:

<p>Division of Work = Improves product quality and productivity Authority = Enables efficient management Discipline = Foundation of project success Responsibility = Accountability for completed work</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary goals of management?

<p>To achieve maximum outputs with minimal effort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Management is primarily concerned with increasing costs within an organization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do managers play in employee training?

<p>Managers provide training to workers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The purposes of management include __________, optimum utilization of resources, and long-term survival.

<p>cost saving</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following purposes of management with their descriptions:

<p>Cost Saving = Maximizing outputs while minimizing resources Optimum Utilization of Resources = Reducing spoilage and wastage Long Term Survival = Ensuring smooth enterprise operations Growth and Social Justice = Improving society through productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT associated with management?

<p>Creating workplace environments filled with chaos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Managers are responsible for building the enterprise's image.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify one way management contributes to social justice.

<p>By ensuring justice through consistent policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of technological advancement in organizations?

<p>It improves organizational culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sole proprietorship allows multiple owners to share responsibility for the business.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of business organization is formed when two or more people come together to start a business?

<p>Partnership</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ______ is responsible for all financial obligations and debts in a sole proprietorship.

<p>owner</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common form of business organization?

<p>Sole Proprietorship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a partnership, taxes are withheld from distributions to partners.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common themes are shared between engineering and organizational studies?

<p>Work measurement, productivity measurement, work design, job design, and labor relations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of business organizations with their characteristics:

<p>Sole Proprietorship = One owner personally liable for debts Partnership = Two or more owners sharing profits and losses Corporation = Complex structure with limited liability Limited Liability Company = Combines characteristics of corporation and partnership</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant disadvantage of a brick and mortar business?

<p>Limited product offerings (B), Higher running costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Brick and Click organizations operate only online.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of a brick and click organization?

<p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a brick and mortar business, __________ costs are high due to the need for physical space.

<p>running</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics to their respective business types:

<p>Higher running costs = Brick and Mortar Business Accessibility = Brick and Click Organization Limited offerings = Brick and Mortar Business Loyalty through presence = Brick and Click Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to higher employee costs in physical stores?

<p>Cleaning and sanitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Limited offerings in brick and mortar stores can lead to a decrease in sales.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one disadvantage of physical businesses mentioned in the context.

<p>Higher running costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's theory that prioritizes human needs in a hierarchical way, from basic needs like food and shelter to higher needs like self-actualization. It's a framework for understanding employee motivation and satisfaction.

Systemic Approach

A management approach that sees organizations as interconnected systems, focusing on how different parts interact and influence one another. It emphasizes a holistic view of the organization.

Contingency Approach

The idea that the best management style depends on various factors, such as the specific situation, organizational culture, and employee characteristics. It emphasizes flexibility and adaptability.

Fayol's Principles of Management

The father of modern management theory, Henry Fayol, developed 14 principles to guide effective management. These principles were designed to help managers organize, regulate, and efficiently operate organizations.

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Division of Work

This principle argues that dividing work into specialized tasks improves efficiency, accuracy, and speed. Workers become more skilled and productive in their specific areas.

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Authority and Responsibility

This principle refers to the authority given to managers to make decisions and lead. However, it also emphasizes responsibility for the outcomes of their actions.

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Discipline

In essence, discipline means order and respect for rules. It ensures a smooth and coordinated organizational function, making management easier and more comprehensive.

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Unity of Command

This principle emphasizes the importance of communication and consistency in the application of rules and regulations within an organization.

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Management as a Group

A group of individuals responsible for running and managing a business, including all levels of management from CEOs to front-line supervisors.

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Management as a Science

A system of knowledge based on verifiable facts and cause-and-effect relationships, where principles are established through observation and testing.

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Patrimonial Manager

Those who manage because they are owners or related to the owners of the company.

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Professional Manager

Those appointed to management roles due to their specialized knowledge and qualifications.

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What is art in management?

The application of theoretical knowledge and skills in a personalized way to achieve the best possible outcome.

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How does knowledge contribute to management as an art?

Understanding and applying various principles, concepts, and methods in real-world scenarios.

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What is the role of skill in management as an art?

Every manager has their own unique style and approach to leading and directing their team.

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How does innovation relate to management as an art?

The ability to create new solutions, improve processes, and develop innovative approaches for better results.

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What is the importance of practice in management as an art?

Continuous practice and experience help managers refine their skills and improve their effectiveness over time.

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Why is management considered goal-oriented?

Management is a goal-oriented process that aims to achieve specific objectives and targets.

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Describe the resource management aspect of management as art.

Management involves utilizing resources - human, financial, material, and technological - to achieve organizational objectives.

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How is shaping people's attitudes and behavior a key aspect of management as an art?

Management involves influencing and motivating employees to work towards shared goals.

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Production Quality & Quantity

Managers are responsible for making sure the right amount and quality of products are made.

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Manager as Communication Link

Managers act as a bridge between workers and higher-level goals, communicating problems, ideas, and requests.

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Resolving Workplace Conflicts

Managers are crucial for resolving disagreements and helping employees feel heard.

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Employee Training & Resources

Managers ensure employees are trained to do their jobs well and that they have the tools and resources they need.

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Workplace Discipline & Culture

Managers are responsible for creating a positive and disciplined work environment.

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Employee Motivation & Inspiration

Managers strive to inspire and motivate their employees to perform their best.

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Company Image & Employees

Managers are important for building a company's reputation, as they are the face of the company to employees.

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Management's Cost-Saving Focus

Management aims to use resources effectively to achieve the best results, saving costs and maximizing output.

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Sole Proprietorship

A business structure where a single individual owns and controls all aspects of the business, assuming full liability for debts and obligations.

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Partnership

A business structure formed when two or more individuals partner to share ownership, profits, and losses. All partners are jointly responsible for the business's financial obligations.

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Corporation

A business structure characterized by legal separation between the owners and the business itself. Owners have limited liability, and the business is subject to corporate tax laws.

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Limited Liability Company (LLC)

A business structure combining characteristics of a partnership and a corporation. Owners have limited liability, and the business is taxed like a partnership.

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Cooperative

A business structure where a group of individuals pool their resources to operate a business collectively, sharing profits and losses equitably.

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Franchise

A business structure where a franchisee pays a fee to a franchisor for the right to operate a business under the franchisor's brand and system.

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Employee-Owned Business

A business structure where a business is owned and managed by its employees, with profits shared among the workers.

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Government-Owned Business

A business structure where a business is owned and operated by a governmental entity, often providing essential services to the public.

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Brick and Click Organization

A business model combining a physical store with an online presence, offering customers the convenience of both options.

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Brick and Mortar Business

Businesses with physical stores in specific locations, serving customers directly.

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Higher Operational Costs in Brick and Mortar

Increased costs associated with running a physical store, including rent, stock maintenance, electricity, and employee expenses.

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Limited Product Offerings in Brick and Mortar

Limited variety of products in a physical store due to space constraints, affecting business potential.

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Accessibility Advantage of Brick and Click

Improved accessibility for businesses with both online and physical presence, reaching a wider target audience.

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Brand and Goodwill Creation in Brick and Click

Increased customer loyalty to brands with both online and physical operations, due to the presence and consistency of both.

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Supply Chain Participants

Retailers, manufacturers, distributors, and wholesalers connected within a supply chain network, involved in the exchange of goods and services.

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Supply Chain Management

The process of planning, implementing, and controlling all aspects of material and information flows within a supply chain.

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Study Notes

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Abraham Maslow, a psychologist, proposed a hierarchy of needs, prioritizing employee expectations.

Modern Management Theories

  • Systems Approach:
    • This theory views organizations as interconnected networks rather than machines.
    • It emphasizes understanding how different parts of an organization interact.
  • Contingency Approach:
    • This approach focuses on the people within the organization, rather than just structure.
    • Principles still hold value in modern workplaces.

Fayol's Fourteen Principles of Management

  • Division of Work:
    • Separating tasks among workers improves product quality and worker efficiency.
  • Authority and Responsibility:
    • Authority enables more efficient management, while responsibility holds managers accountable.
  • Discipline:
    • Essential for any project; good performance and interdependence ease management.
  • Management as a Group:
    • Includes all people responsible for running a business.
    • Often refers to top-level management like CEOs.
    • Can be viewed as a group or only high-level managers.
  • Management as a Science:
    • A systematic body of knowledge, establishing cause-and-effect relationships.
    • Developed from scientific observation and testing.

Management as an Art

  • Knowledge: Understanding various principles and applications in real-world situations.
  • Skill & Style: Different approaches to managing; skill is essential.
  • Innovation & Creativity: Managers should use resources to achieve desired outcomes.
  • Practice: Managers improve through trial and error.
  • Goal-Oriented: Management has established and clear objectives.

Management as Both Art and Science

  • Combining scientific principles with skilled application makes management complete and effective.

Functions of Managers

  • Direct and instruct employees.
  • Monitor production quantity and quality.
  • Manage positive relationships.
  • Address worker problems and grievances.
  • Provide training and organizational support.
  • Prepare performance reports.
  • Maintain discipline and inspire workers.

Purposes of Management

  • Cost Saving: Optimally utilizing resources.
  • Optimum Resource Utilization: Minimize waste and maximize output.
  • Long-term Survival: Ensuring smooth operation to benefit both employees and employers.
  • Growth & Social Justice: Boosting societal standards, productivity, and employment opportunities.

Influence of Other Fields on Organizational Behavior

  • Engineering: Influences work measurement, productivity and design.
  • Medicine: Increasing demand for work-life balance and human health in organizations.

Forms of Business Organization

  • Sole Proprietorship: Simple structure, owner controls all aspects, but personally liable.
  • Partnership: Two or more individuals contributing resources to a business.
  • Corporation: Most complex, involving legal and tax considerations.

Brick and Mortar Business Disadvantages

  • High Running Costs: Store rental/ownership, inventory, utilities.
  • High Employee Costs: Recruitment, salaries, employee benefits.
  • Limited Offerings: Space restrictions impact product selection.

Brick and Click Organizations

  • Businesses operating both online and in physical stores.

Brick and Click Organization Advantages

  • Accessibility: Reaches broader customer base.
  • Brand Building: Physical stores create stronger brand loyalty.

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