Management Chapter 2 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the historical perspective in management?

1991-1950's, made up of 3 viewpoints: Classical, Behavioral, Quantitative

What is the contemporary perspective in management?

1960's-Present, made up of 3 viewpoints: Systems, Contingency, and Quality Management

What does the classical viewpoint emphasize?

Ways to manage work more efficiently, including scientific management and administrative management

What is scientific management?

Emphasized the scientific study of work methods to improve productivity of individual workers Signup and view all the answers

What does administrative management focus on?

Managing the total organization Signup and view all the answers

What is the behavioral viewpoint?

Emphasizes understanding human behavior and motivating employees toward achievement Signup and view all the answers

What is the human relations movement?

Proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the behavioral science approach?

Relies on scientific research for developing theory to provide practical management tools Signup and view all the answers

What is quantitative management?

Application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations Signup and view all the answers

What is management science?

Focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making Signup and view all the answers

What does operations management focus on?

Managing the production and delivery of an organization's products and services more effectively Signup and view all the answers

What is the systems viewpoint?

Regards the organization as a system of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose Signup and view all the answers

What is quality control?

Strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production Signup and view all the answers

What is complexity theory?

The study of how order and pattern arise from very complicated, apparently chaotic systems Signup and view all the answers

What does the contingency viewpoint emphasize?

A manager's approach should vary according to the individual and environmental situation Signup and view all the answers

What is evidence-based management?

Translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice Signup and view all the answers

What does the quality management viewpoint include?

Quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management Signup and view all the answers

What does quality assurance focus on?

The performance of workers, urging employees to strive for zero defects Signup and view all the answers

What is total quality management?

A comprehensive approach dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of total quality management:

Make continuous improvement a priority = Component 1 Get every employee involved = Component 2 Listen to and learn from customers and employees = Component 3 Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems = Component 4 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historical Perspective

Covers the period from 1991 to the 1950s.
Comprises three main viewpoints: Classical, Behavioral, and Quantitative.

Contemporary Perspective

Spans from the 1960s to the present.
Includes three viewpoints: Systems, Contingency, and Quality Management.

Classical Viewpoint

Focuses on managing work efficiently.
Divided into Scientific Management and Administrative Management.

Scientific Management

Concentrates on scientifically studying work methods.
Aims to enhance the productivity of individual workers.

Administrative Management

Addresses management of the entire organization.
Emphasizes the organization as a whole rather than individual tasks.

Behavioral Viewpoint

Highlights the significance of understanding human behavior.
Motivates employees towards achieving goals, with two key approaches: Human Relations Movement and Behavioral Science Approach.

Human Relations Movement

Suggests improving human relations boosts worker productivity.
Key figures include Abraham Maslow and Douglas McGregor.

Behavioral Science Approach

Utilizes scientific research to develop management theory.
Provides practical tools for effective management.

Quantitative Management

Applies quantitative techniques like statistics and computer simulations in management.
Comprises two branches: Management Science and Operations Management.

Management Science

Employs mathematics to facilitate problem-solving and decision-making.

Operations Management

Concentrates on efficient management of production and delivery of products and services.

Systems Viewpoint

Views organizations as systems of interconnected parts.
Aims for coherence to achieve shared goals.

Quality Control

Involves strategies to minimize errors throughout production stages.

Complexity Theory

Investigates how order and patterns emerge from complex and chaotic systems.

Contingency Viewpoint

Suggests manager’s strategies should adapt based on individual and environmental contexts.

Evidence-Based Management

Translates evidence-based principles into organizational practices.
Aims to rationalize the decision-making process.

Quality Management Viewpoint

Encompasses Quality Control, Quality Assurance, and Total Quality Management.

Quality Assurance

Focuses on worker performance and strives for zero defects.

Total Quality Management (TQM)

A holistic approach led by top management aimed at continuous quality improvement.
Advocates for training and enhancing customer satisfaction.

Components of Total Quality Management

Prioritize continuous improvement.
Involve every employee in the process.
Actively listen to and learn from customers and employees.
Use precise standards to identify and resolve issues.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapter 2 of Management. This quiz covers historical and contemporary perspectives, including classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints. Brush up on your understanding of management theories and frameworks from different eras.