Management Chapter 1

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Questions and Answers

According to Kreitner, what is management?

The process of working with and through others to effectively achieve organisational objectives

Why is management necessary in organisations?

So that individuals can make their best contribution towards group objectives

What does the term 'process' mean in the definition of management?

The primary functions or activities that management performs

What are the primary functions or activities that management performs?

Planning, organising, staffing, directing, and controlling Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between managers at different levels in an organisation?

The time spent on different functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of management, as stated in the definition?

To get things done effectively and efficiently Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisations require management?

All organisations, big or small, profit or non-profit Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the phrase 'getting things done' in the definition of management?

Achieving goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of management in terms of goal achievement?

To make people work towards achieving the organisation’s goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of management of people?

Dealing with employees as individuals with diverse needs and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of technology in management?

It is not a replacement for getting work done through people Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of management of operations?

To provide a basic product or service Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a manager in terms of employee strengths and weaknesses?

To make employees’ strengths effective and their weaknesses irrelevant Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of effective management of people?

Achieving the organisation’s goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of human resources in an organisation?

They are the organisation’s greatest asset Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between management and goal achievement?

Management is responsible for achieving organisational goals by making people work towards them Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for dabbawallas' punctuality and time management?

To focus on attainment of common organisational goals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following departments may have conflicting objectives?

Finance and Marketing Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of modern organisations?

High degree of specialisation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coordination in an organisation?

To link the activities of various departments Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of a lack of coordination among departments?

Revenue loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of each department in an organisation?

To focus on attainment of common organisational goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between departments in an organisation?

Interdependent and cooperative Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of specialisation in an organisation?

Enhanced efficiency and effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of science?

It is based on a cause and effect relationship Signup and view all the answers

Why are the principles of management not universally applicable?

Because they deal with human beings and human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a systematised body of knowledge?

To provide a common vocabulary for managers Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of management principles?

They have a major effect on how managers operate their businesses Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of scientific principles in management?

The outcomes of these principles are not capable of being accurately predicted or replicated Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of management principles?

They have evolved over a period of time Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why management can be called an inexact science?

Because it deals with human beings and human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of repeated experimentation and observation in management?

The evolution of management principles over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of management at higher levels in an organisation?

Planning and organising Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of management is concerned with doing the right task and achieving goals?

Effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between inputs and outputs that determines efficiency?

Fewer inputs lead to greater outputs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of management in an organisation?

Achieving organisational goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of completing tasks with the least amount of resources at a minimum cost?

Efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between effectiveness and efficiency?

Effectiveness is about achieving goals, while efficiency is about minimising costs Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of using less resources to achieve the same benefit or outputs?

Increased efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of management in an organisation?

Guiding efforts towards achieving a common goal Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition of Management

Management is the process of working with and through others to achieve organisational objectives by efficiently using limited resources in a changing environment.
It is a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effectively and efficiently.

Importance of Management

Management is essential for all organisations, big or small, profit or non-profit, services or manufacturing.
It is necessary for individuals to make their best contribution towards group objectives.

Functions of Management

Management consists of a series of interrelated functions that are performed by all managers.
These functions include planning, organising, staffing, directing, and controlling.

Effectiveness and Efficiency

Effectiveness means doing the right task and achieving goals.
Efficiency means doing the task correctly and with minimum cost.
Efficiency is increased when more benefits are derived with fewer resources.

Nature of Management

Management involves dealing with employees as individuals with diverse needs and behaviour.
It also involves dealing with individuals as a group of people.
Management aims to make people work towards achieving the organisation's goals.

Significance of Management

Management is necessary for the survival of an organisation.
It is a vital function that helps organisations to achieve their goals.

Management as a Science

Management has a systematised body of knowledge.
The principles of management have evolved over time based on repeated experimentation and observation.
Management is an inexact science because it deals with human beings and human behaviour.

Universality of Management Principles

Management principles have universal validity.
They can be applied to different types of organisations and situations.

Coordination and Specialisation

Coordination is the process of linking the activities of various departments to achieve common organisational goals.
Modern organisations are characterised by a high degree of specialisation.

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