MALT (Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue) Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

What is the result of induction at one mucosal site?

  • Gives a strong response at the local effector site and can also give a response at other distant sites (correct)
  • Gives a weak response at the local effector site
  • Supresses the response at the local effector site
  • Gives a response only at the inductive site

What are the two inductive sites in GALT?

  • MALT and SALT
  • TALT and BALT
  • Peyer's patches and isolated lymphoid follicles (correct)
  • NALT and GALT

What is the function of M cells?

  • To uptake and transport particulate antigens (correct)
  • To activate T cells
  • To present antigens to B cells
  • To produce IgA

What is the pathway for immune cells via Peyer's patches?

<p>Drains into mesenteric lymph node and then feeds into systemic circulatory system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of CD4+:CD8+ T cells in the Lamina Propria?

<p>2:1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Peyer's patches?

<p>To give rise to IgA, which produce plasma cells that hone to all mucosal sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dendritic cells in M cell function?

<p>To bind and activate T cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four cells specific to the mucosal immune system?

<p>Epithelial cells, M cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and Gammadelta T cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the integrin expressed by most T cells in the Lamina Propria?

<p>Alpha4beta7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligand for alpha4beta7 integrin expressed by T cells in the Lamina Propria?

<p>MadCAM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Tregs in the Lamina Propria?

<p>To regulate/suppress other immune cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Th17 cells in the Lamina Propria?

<p>To maintain epithelial barrier function and activate neutrophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the full acronym for the process of Lamina Propria T cell migration?

<p>CRTAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IELs in the epithelial layer?

<p>To protect and maintain the epithelial barrier layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mucosal B cells?

<p>To produce IgA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What switches the production of IgM to IgA in mucosal B cells?

<p>TGFbeta and IL-5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between IgA and IgG?

<p>IgA is produced in response to mucosal infections, while IgG is produced in response to systemic infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of AlphaEbeta7 integrin in IELs?

<p>It binds to E-cadherin on epithelial cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of IELs?

<p>Extrathymic sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CCR9 and CCR6 in IELs migration?

<p>They recognize chemokines CCL25 and CCL20, respectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of antigen binding sites on IgA?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the J chain in IgA?

<p>To facilitate secretion of IgA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the secretory component in IgA?

<p>To facilitate transcellular transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of SIgA?

<p>To facilitate immune exclusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mucosal T cells?

<p>To regulate immune responses to commensal flora (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokine TGF-β in regulating immune responses?

<p>To control mucosal homing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oral tolerance?

<p>A state of immune non-responsiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for inducing oral tolerance?

<p>A symbiotic relationship with commensal flora (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of a breakdown of oral tolerance?

<p>Immune responses to food and commensal bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of inducing oral tolerance through Tregs?

<p>Through the activity of TGF-β and retinoic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary entry point for infectious microorganisms?

<p>Mucosal surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganisms are typically present at most mucosal epithelia?

<p>Resident micro flora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the systemic and mucosal environments?

<p>Systemic is sterile, mucosal is non-sterile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key reasons why mucosal immunity is important?

<p>To prevent hypersensitivity to commensal organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is important for protecting against pathogens and developing vaccines?

<p>Mucosal immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sites where the immune response is induced and has its impact?

<p>Inductive and effector sites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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