Podcast
Questions and Answers
What action should be taken if discharge is reported for 14 days or more?
What action should be taken if discharge is reported for 14 days or more?
- Schedule surgery for ear drainage
- Prescribe over-the-counter pain relievers
- Check for HIV infection (correct)
- Immediately treat with antibiotics
What does the presence of pus draining from the ear indicate?
What does the presence of pus draining from the ear indicate?
- The need for immediate treatment
- That the ear is healing properly
- A normal ear condition
- A possible chronic ear infection (correct)
If no ear pain or drainage is observed, what is the recommended action?
If no ear pain or drainage is observed, what is the recommended action?
- Monitor the patient for changes
- No treatment is necessary (correct)
- Prescribe antibiotics as a precaution
- Refer to a specialist
When should follow-up occur if chronic ear infection signs are present?
When should follow-up occur if chronic ear infection signs are present?
What procedure should be taken to dry the ear?
What procedure should be taken to dry the ear?
What is the purpose of classifying children or young infants in the IMNCI framework?
What is the purpose of classifying children or young infants in the IMNCI framework?
What signs indicate the necessity for immediate referral or admission of a child?
What signs indicate the necessity for immediate referral or admission of a child?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of IMNCI?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of IMNCI?
What should be done if no serious conditions are found according to IMNCI guidelines?
What should be done if no serious conditions are found according to IMNCI guidelines?
In the event that a child requires specific treatment under the IMNCI system, what should a healthcare provider do?
In the event that a child requires specific treatment under the IMNCI system, what should a healthcare provider do?
What is one of the six major steps in the IMNCI process?
What is one of the six major steps in the IMNCI process?
What should the healthcare provider emphasize when counseling the caregiver?
What should the healthcare provider emphasize when counseling the caregiver?
Which symptom is NOT considered for assessment in older children under IMNCI?
Which symptom is NOT considered for assessment in older children under IMNCI?
What is indicated if a child's weight-for-height (WFH/L) is less than -3 z-scores or their mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is less than 115mm?
What is indicated if a child's weight-for-height (WFH/L) is less than -3 z-scores or their mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is less than 115mm?
Which age group should receive Albendazole if they have not had a dose in the previous 6 months?
Which age group should receive Albendazole if they have not had a dose in the previous 6 months?
What should be done if feeding problems are identified in a child?
What should be done if feeding problems are identified in a child?
What is the recommended action if a child shows general danger signs?
What is the recommended action if a child shows general danger signs?
What should be monitored if a child is reported to have static weight or is losing weight?
What should be monitored if a child is reported to have static weight or is losing weight?
When should immunizations be administered to a child?
When should immunizations be administered to a child?
What should be assessed if a child under 2 years experiences growth faltering?
What should be assessed if a child under 2 years experiences growth faltering?
Who led the extensive consultations for the review and revision of the guidelines?
Who led the extensive consultations for the review and revision of the guidelines?
Which organization was applauded for providing support in the technical and financial aspects during the document's development?
Which organization was applauded for providing support in the technical and financial aspects during the document's development?
Which screening should take place in conjunction with measuring MUAC and identifying malnutrition?
Which screening should take place in conjunction with measuring MUAC and identifying malnutrition?
Which of the following individuals was NOT mentioned as part of the core team providing leadership?
Which of the following individuals was NOT mentioned as part of the core team providing leadership?
What role did UNICEF – Kenya Country Office play in the review process?
What role did UNICEF – Kenya Country Office play in the review process?
Which of the following county child health focal persons is associated with Nakuru?
Which of the following county child health focal persons is associated with Nakuru?
What type of health services did the Department of Preventive and Promotive Health Services focus on?
What type of health services did the Department of Preventive and Promotive Health Services focus on?
Which organization was represented by Judith Raburu during the review process?
Which organization was represented by Judith Raburu during the review process?
Which of the following is a significant contributor to the review process, associated with the Kenya Medical Research Institute?
Which of the following is a significant contributor to the review process, associated with the Kenya Medical Research Institute?
What should be done if a child is less than 2 years old and exhibits feeding problems?
What should be done if a child is less than 2 years old and exhibits feeding problems?
What does a Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) greater than 13.5 cm indicate for a child?
What does a Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) greater than 13.5 cm indicate for a child?
If a child is 12 months old and has not received Albendazole in the previous 6 months, what should be done?
If a child is 12 months old and has not received Albendazole in the previous 6 months, what should be done?
What assessment should be made for a child less than 6 months old?
What assessment should be made for a child less than 6 months old?
What is recommended for a child exhibiting severe palmar pallor?
What is recommended for a child exhibiting severe palmar pallor?
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Study Notes
Review Process Acknowledgments
- Extensive consultations led by the Ministry of Health contributed to the development of guidelines.
- Notable institutions involved include WHO-Kenya, UNICEF-Kenya, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), and Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC).
- Acknowledgment to the Department of Preventive and Promotive Health Services and Neonatal Child and Adolescent Health Unit (NCAHU) for their roles in the review process.
Key Contributors
- Special recognition given to officials from NCAHU: Dr. Osman Warfa, Dr. Rachel Nyamai, Dr. Stewart Kabaka, and Dr. Silas Agutu.
- Involvement of county child health focal persons, including Jackson Cheruiyot and George Ndichu from Nakuru, and Eunice Kiilu from Machakos highlight regional participation.
- Multiple healthcare professionals and organizations contributed support and technical guidance during the review process.
Malnutrition Assessment Guidelines
- Assessment for malnutrition is based on weight-for-height or mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements.
- Immediate action: If MUAC is between 11.5 to 12.4 cm or weight-for-height/length is less than -2 z-scores, conduct assessments and counsel on feeding practices.
- Screen for TB and HIV; immunization should follow schedule as per guidelines.
Treatment Classification and Procedures
- Children displaying danger signs require immediate referral or hospital admission.
- Classifications:
- Pink for urgent care,
- Yellow for specific treatment needs,
- Green for no serious conditions, providing home care instructions.
- Essential drugs must be utilized based on the child's classification and caregiver counseling should include signs for follow-up care.
Specific Conditions and Interventions
- In cases of chronic ear infections, assess for pus and HIV, along with necessary follow-ups.
- For malnourished children, recommend Albendazole if older than 1 year and ensure proper immunization.
- Monitor infant breastfeeding practices; address feeding problems immediately to prevent malnutrition.
Caregiver Guidance
- Teach caregivers about the child's care, appropriate feeding, hydration, and when to seek further medical help.
- Emphasize the importance of follow-ups for children's health care continuity and development tracking.
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