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Male Accessory Glands
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Male Accessory Glands

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Study Notes

Structure and Function

  • The male accessory glands are a group of organs that produce and secrete fluids that make up semen, which nourish and transport sperm during ejaculation.
  • The main male accessory glands are:
    1. Seminal vesicles: produce 60% of semen, including fructose, which provides energy for sperm.
    2. Prostate gland: produces 30% of semen, including enzymes that help break down sperm membranes.
    3. Urethral glands (also known as Cowper's glands): produce mucus that helps lubricate the urethra.
    4. Bulbourethral glands (also known as Cowper's glands): produce mucus that helps lubricate the urethra.

Functions of Semen

  • Provides a medium for sperm to swim in
  • Nourishes sperm with nutrients and energy
  • Helps to buffer the acidity of the vagina
  • Lubricates the urethra during ejaculation

Clinical Significance

  • Infections or inflammation of the male accessory glands can lead to conditions such as prostatitis, epididymitis, or seminal vesiculitis.
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in older men that can lead to urinary symptoms.
  • Cancer can occur in the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, or other male accessory glands.

Structure and Function

  • The male accessory glands produce and secrete fluids that make up semen, which nourish and transport sperm during ejaculation.
  • The main male accessory glands are seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethral glands, and bulbourethral glands.

Functions of Seminal Vesicles

  • Produce 60% of semen, including fructose, which provides energy for sperm.

Functions of Prostate Gland

  • Produces 30% of semen, including enzymes that help break down sperm membranes.

Functions of Urethral and Bulbourethral Glands

  • Produce mucus that helps lubricate the urethra.

Functions of Semen

  • Provides a medium for sperm to swim in.
  • Nourishes sperm with nutrients and energy.
  • Helps to buffer the acidity of the vagina.
  • Lubricates the urethra during ejaculation.

Clinical Significance

  • Infections or inflammation of the male accessory glands can lead to prostatitis, epididymitis, or seminal vesiculitis.
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in older men that can lead to urinary symptoms.
  • Cancer can occur in the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, or other male accessory glands.

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Learn about the main male accessory glands, their functions, and the components of semen. Understand the roles of seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and urethral glands in reproduction.

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