14 Questions
What is the name of the class of parasites that Plasmodium spp. and Babesia spp. belong to?
Sporozoans
What is the meaning of the Italian word 'mal'aria'?
Bad air
What is the primary vector of malaria?
Anopheles minimus var.Flavirostris
What is the final/definitive host of malaria?
Female Anopheles mosquito
What type of habitat does Anopheles flavirostris prefer?
Slow flowing streams
When does the adult Anopheles mosquito typically bite?
Nighttime
Which of the following statements is true about malaria?
It is a parasitic disease causing 2.5 million deaths each year.
What is the role of the female Anopheles mosquito in the malaria life cycle?
It is the definitive host where the parasite matures.
What is the characteristic of the aquatic habitat preferred by Anopheles flavirostris?
Slow flowing streams with shaded areas.
What is the term for the infective stage of the parasite in the human host?
Sporozoites
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the adult Anopheles mosquito?
It is attracted to bright lights.
What is the significance of malaria as an infectious disease?
It is one of the three major infectious diseases causing 2.5 million deaths annually.
What is the role of the human host in the malaria life cycle?
It is the intermediate host where the parasite develops.
What is the term for the male and female forms of the parasite in the mosquito host?
Microgametocytes and macrogametocytes
Study Notes
Plasmodium spp. and Babesia spp.
- Belong to the class of parasites known as Sporozoans, which lack obvious structures for motility.
Malaria
- Originates from the Italian words "mal" meaning "bad" and "aria" meaning "air", translating to "bad air".
- Considered the most important parasitic disease affecting humans (Belizario, 2004).
- Remains the leading parasitic disease causing mortality worldwide.
- One of the three major infectious diseases, along with HIV and Tuberculosis, causing 2.5 million deaths each year.
Vector
- Primary vector: female Anopheles minimus var. Flavirostris mosquito.
- Other vectors: Anopheles litoralis, Anopheles maculatus, Anopheles mangyamus, Anopheles balabacensis, and Anopheles philippinensis.
Hosts
- Female Anopheles mosquito: final/definitive host, harboring the parasite to its mature stage.
- Man: intermediate host.
Infective Stages
- Man: sporozoites.
- Mosquito: gametocytes, including microgametocytes (male) and macrogametocytes (female).
Vector Biology
- Anopheles flavirostris: prefers aquatic habitats with slow flowing streams and shaded areas, avoiding direct sunlight.
- Adult biting behavior: nocturnal, with indoor and outdoor biting.
- Adult resting behavior: rests inside walls.
Plasmodium spp. and Babesia spp.
- Belong to the class of parasites known as Sporozoans, which lack obvious structures for motility.
Malaria
- Originates from the Italian words "mal" meaning "bad" and "aria" meaning "air", translating to "bad air".
- Considered the most important parasitic disease affecting humans (Belizario, 2004).
- Remains the leading parasitic disease causing mortality worldwide.
- One of the three major infectious diseases, along with HIV and Tuberculosis, causing 2.5 million deaths each year.
Vector
- Primary vector: female Anopheles minimus var. Flavirostris mosquito.
- Other vectors: Anopheles litoralis, Anopheles maculatus, Anopheles mangyamus, Anopheles balabacensis, and Anopheles philippinensis.
Hosts
- Female Anopheles mosquito: final/definitive host, harboring the parasite to its mature stage.
- Man: intermediate host.
Infective Stages
- Man: sporozoites.
- Mosquito: gametocytes, including microgametocytes (male) and macrogametocytes (female).
Vector Biology
- Anopheles flavirostris: prefers aquatic habitats with slow flowing streams and shaded areas, avoiding direct sunlight.
- Adult biting behavior: nocturnal, with indoor and outdoor biting.
- Adult resting behavior: rests inside walls.
Learn about Plasmodium spp. and Babesia spp., Sporozoans, and Malaria, a leading parasitic disease causing mortality worldwide. Explore the history and theories of malaria.
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