Makeup Techniques and Color Theory Quiz

Color Theory

• Hue: Pure color differentiating colors (e.g., red vs. blue)
• Intensity: Vividness or brightness of a color
• Value: Lightness or darkness of a color
• Tint: Adding white to a color (highest value)
• Shade: Adding black to a color (lowest value)
• Tone: Adding gray to a color (middle value)
• Primary Colors: Red, blue, yellow
• Secondary Colors: Orange, green, violet
• Complementary Colors: Colors opposite on the color wheel (e.g., red and green)
• Cool Hues: Blue-based colors (blue, violet, green)
• Warm Hues: Yellow-based colors (red, orange, peach)
• Skin Complexion Descriptors:
  • Ruddy: Red or flushed appearance
  • Sallow: Yellowish or pale appearance
• Best/Worst Colors for Skin Tones
  • Warm Undertones (Peach/Golden): Peaches, corals, golden browns, rusts
  • Cool Undertones (Bluish-Pink, Olive): Blues, violets, cherry reds, fuchsias
  • Neutral Colors: Suited for most as not strongly blue or yellow-based

Preparing the Canvas

• Undertone vs. Overtone
  • Undertone: Subtle hue under the surface (warm, cool, neutral) that doesn't change
  • Overtone: Surface skin color that may change with seasons or conditions (e.g., redness, tanning)
• Swatching/Testing Foundation
  • Best areas: Neck or jawline
  • Avoid testing on wrists, hands, or forehead
• Order of Application:
  • Primer/Moisturizer
  • Skin Tone Correctors (optional)
  • Foundation
  • Concealer (before or after foundation)
  • Powder
• Objectives of Foundation:
  • Protect the skin (often contains sunscreen)
  • Even out skin tone
  • Hide imperfections
  • Create a base for makeup

Skin Tone Correctors

• Green: Cancels redness (e.g., acne, rosacea)
• Lavender: Neutralizes sallowness
• Yellow/Orange: Corrects blue or greenish under-eye darkness
• Pink: Brightens dull complexions
• Application Tips:
  • Mix with foundation for Asian/dark skin tones
  • Can be used before foundation or mixed with it for Caucasian skin

Concealers

• High pigment concentration than foundation
• Available in various types (pot, stick, tube)
• Uses: Hide dark circles, scars, pigmentation, and skin conditions
• Application Tips:
  • Apply in a stippling motion
  • Yellow undertones best for under-eye darkness
  • "Hollywood V Technique" for shaping the face

Contouring & Highlighting

• Main Objectives
  • Highlighting (matte or iridescent): Brings features forward
  • Contouring (matte only): Pushes areas back to create depth
  • Sculpting: Combination of both highlighting and contouring
• Common Uses:
  • Correcting facial proportions (e.g., short forehead, receding chin, long nose)
  • Enhancing natural bone structure (cheekbones, jawline, nose, etc.)

Bones of the Face & Corrective Techniques

• Zygomatic (Cheekbones): Key for contouring
• Enhances contouring; high cheekbones accentuated with highlight/shading
• Mandible (Jawbone): Defines jawline contour
• Orbital (Eye Sockets): Determines eye makeup corrections
• Temporal (Temples): Can be contoured for a slimmer face effect
  • Understanding the depth assists in aging makeup or creating hollow-cheek effects

Facial Proportions & Zones

• Three Zones of the Face:
  • Frontal Zone (Superior/Frontal) – Hairline to eyebrows
  • Middle Zone (Median/Sensitive) – Eyebrows to nose base
  • Lower Zone (Inferior/Instinctive) – Nose base to chin
• Facial Profile Types:
  • Straight: Forehead & chin aligned, middle of face more prominent
  • Convex: Forehead & chin recede, middle of face more prominent
  • Concave: Forehead & chin are prominent, middle of face set back

Oval Face Proportions

• Ideal Face Shape
• Width = 5 eye lengths
• Mouth Width = Distance between irises
• Minimal contouring/highlighting needed

Blush Application

• Purpose of blush: Designed to give a healthy glow and serve other purposes
• General Guidelines:
  • Apply starting from outer cheek toward the center
  • Use imaginary lines from pupil & base of the nose to determine placement
  • Different application for different face shapes (long/narrow, short/round, square, heart, pear)

Lighting & Makeup

• Different light sources affect makeup perception
• Adjust color choices accordingly

Eye Makeup & Corrections

• 5 Points of Eye Analysis: Size, shape, spacing, balance, color
• Corrective Eye Makeup Techniques:
  • Close-Set Eyes: Light shades inside, dark outside, extend liner outward.
  • Wide-Set Eyes: Dark shades inside, light outside, bring brows closer.
  • Deep-Set Eyes: Light on lids, dark in crease, avoid upper liner
  • Protruding Eyes: Matte, dark shades, minimal shimmer.
  • Hooded Eyes: Dark on hood, highlight brow bone

Eyebrows & Corrections

• 3 Key Brow Points: Start, Arch, End
• Corrections: Round brow start, square brow start, long nose, short nose, wide nose, narrow nose
• Brow starts (round, square) affect eye appearance (closer/farther apart)

Key Qualities of a Successful Makeup Artist

• Artistic Skill, ability to enhance features
• Client Engagement, knowledge of trends and product recommendations
• Observation Skills, assessing client's best features, skin type, tone, face shape, and problem areas